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1


.:  ..          . ., 2011.




2


      ,      .        .        ,       .        .      13-  (  )       .       .        .




3


         ,         justice,  equity.  .

 justice   ,  , ,     ,  equity,   ,    (    ),            (.  .  Theory of Justice,           ).

Equity     (., ,  . 59)   ,        , ,       .   (      )       ,       .      (      :     !).      ,    ,   . ,       ,     (    ),    ,       (Court of Chancery) (  ,      ,     ).      (law of restitution)       ,  ,     ,  ,     ,     ;      .    ,             (     )  70- . XIX.,            (High Court),         (Kings ( Queens,  ) Bench Division:         Court of Kings  Queens Bench    ,     )    (Chancery Division)   .               .

            ,                 ,     ,          law of equity (      ,    ).   law     ,       . Law       .     statute.  , ..    equity  ,           (.:  ..    . ., 1915. . 130).

  , , ,   .  (legal, at law), ..     ,    (equitable, in equity), ..    .




4


   law   ,  statute  ,  , statutes  .




5


  ( :  ; 18421910)   , .    .




6


Cf. N.M. Butler, Philosophy, pp. 19, 43.




7


Human Nature in Politics, p. 138.




8


        ,       (     ).        (gemeines Recht),  , ,   ,     ( :  .     (1). ., 2005. . 39  .),         ,         (.   . 63  64:         ).




9


   (18391915)   .          (property law),            .




10


Sec. 370, p. 165.




11


Cf. Pound, Courts and Legislation, 9 Modern Legal Philosophy Series, p. 226.




12


Die Kunst der Rechtsanwendung, p. 72.




13


  (18611959)   ,         XX.  ,      : Mthode de l interprtation et sources en droit priv positif (1-   1899.; 2-   1919.)  Science et technique en droit priv (19141924.,  4.).




14


  (18621922)   ( .   - ),       ,    .




15


Science of Legal Method, 9 Modern Legal Philosophy Series, pp. 4, 45, 65, 72, 124, 130, 159.




16


Gny, Mthode dInterprtation et Sources en droit priv positif, vol. II, p. 180, sec. 176, ed. 1919; ., 9 Modern Legal Philosophy Series, p. 45.




17


P.65, supra; Freie Rechtsfindung und freie Rechtswissenschaft, 9 Modern Legal Philosophy Series.




18


Cf. Gnaeus Flavius (Kantorowicz), Der Kampf um Rechtswissenschaft, p. 48: Von der Kultur des Richters h?ngt im letzten Grunde aller Fortschritt der Rechtsentwicklung ab.




19


     ,       this country    ,     .




20


Gray, Nature and Sources of the Law, sec. 395; Muirhead, Roman Law, pp. 399, 400.




21


,         ,                      ,      ,        .      , , ,   .     ,     ,    , ,   .




22


  (17231780)   ,         (1753.).        ,     ,             .




23


   (18501906)    .   : History of English Law before the Time of Edward I (1885.    ), Equity: Also the Forms of Actions at Common Law (1910.).




24


Introduction to Gierkes Political Theories of the Middle Ages, p. viii.




25


Saleilles, De la Personnalit Juridique, p. 45; Ehrlich, Grundlegung der Soziologie des Rechts, pp. 34, 35; Pound, Proceedings of American Bar Assn. 1919, p. 455.




26


.   ,  , :  .      .     stare decisis:      ,     .       (,   )   ,      ,      .  ,     (binding)     (persuasive).




27


    a matter of estate     (   ),        .    : ,      (state),     (states)    ;  ,        ;  ,     (matter of law),    (business of the state);         .    .  ,     (!!) :   ,   (a matter of estate),     (parts of sovereignty),  ,     ,   ;    -   .




28


Essay on Judicature.


