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1.1.  :     


  ,        ,   -        (       ),      ,    .     ,   ,   .[1 - Chiu Y. C. A History of Ancient Project Management: From Mesopotamia to the Roman Empire. Delft, The Netherlands: Eburon Academic Publishers, 2011.]

      ,          ,           .      ,        [2 - Seymour ., Hussein S. The History Of Project Management // International Journal of Management & Information Systems. 2014. Vol. 18,  4.] (             ).    ,   ,     ,    ,   , ,    .       -           ,       ,   ,            .

  ,           ,     ,     .     ,              .             .   . [3 - Chiu Y. An introduction to the History of Project Management: From the Earliest Times to A.D.1900. Delft: Eburon, 2010.].

.  (18411925)      ,      (, , ,   )   14   ,   (  )    [4 -  .    . ., 1923.].   ,  .  (18611919)          ,     19101915 . ,     .   (        3)        ,        .

   ,          1958 .,     CPM (Critical path methodology    )  PERT (Program evaluation and review technique        ),          [5 - Kwak Y. H. Brief History of Project Management // K. A. Carayannis. The Story of Managing Projects (Chapter 2). Quorum Books, 2003.].      (       ),           :  -     .

         :

19001958 .             .                .       ,           ,   ,     .           (    )[6 -          221   ,     . .     1931 .   1936 .,      .],       ,    ,   ,           [7 - Shenhar A. D. D. Reinventing Project Management. Boston: Harvard Bus. School Press, 2007. . 8.].

          .      (19281932 .)  : ,     ,   ,   ,   ,     ,     ,   , -  ,      ,    (  1500  )[8 -   .  . URL: http://istorikazov.ru/Rossia_11_klass/industrializacija.html.].   : , , ,    .           ,     .

19581979 .             (   PERT  CPM)          (,    Xerox).         ,     (Work Breakdown Structure, WBS)   .                ,          (International Project Management Association  IPMA[9 -    IPMA   ,      70  (    ),          ,         ,  ,   ,    .   IPMA. URL: http://www.ipma.world/about.]).      1965 . IPMA                ,    .          (Project Management Institute  PMI),     .             (The Project Management Body of Knowledge, PMBOK)[10 - URL: https://www.pmi.org/pmbok-guide-standards.].         ,                (        ).  ,          ,      ,      ,       [11 - Azzopardi S. The Evolution of Project Management. Retrieved from Project Smart. URL: http://www.projectsmart.co.uk/evolution-of-project-management. html.].         Polaris (      PERT)  Apollo (  NASA     ,         ,        )[12 - Seymour T., Hussein S. Op. cit.].

19801994 .                   ,   .        ,      ,    .              ,      PROMPT II (Projects Resource Organization Management Planning Technique II),   ,           (PRINCE)[13 - Bizness Acadmie. A short history of PRINCE2. Retrieved from Bizness Acadmie. 2012. August 29. URL: http://biznessacademie.com/en/2012/08/a-short-history-of-prince2/.].           (Theory of Constraints  TOC),   ,  Eliyahu M. Goldratt              ,    ,            [14 - Cox J., Goldratt E. M. The goal: aprocess of ongoing improvement. Great Barrington: North River Press, 1986.].  1987 .           (PMBOK),        ,     .         .  1994 . the Standish Group       CHAOS,             ()            [15 -  . .,  . .  -.  /: -   , 2016.].        ,        ,     [16 -  ,        ,   ,    ,    .  ,    ,   ,              .   ,       ,      . .              .],     (1989 1991),       [17 -                ,     .] (19831986), XV      (1988)[18 - Kwak Y. H. Op. cit.].

1995 .   .                     .  1996 .  PRINCE    PRINCE2,                (Critical Chain Project Management, CCPM),  Eliyahu M. Goldratt   .      ,     (   CPM  PERT)   ,      ,     [19 - Goldratt E. Critical Chain. Great Barrington: North River Press, 1997.].  1998 .     (The American National Standards Institute)       (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers)        .  1986 . H. Takeuchi and J. Nonaka          (The New New Product Development Game. Harvard Business Review, 1986)  Scrum    . Scrum       ,         .   Scrum          ,              [20 - Haughey D. A Brief History of Project Management. URL: https://www.projectsmart.co.uk/brief-history-of-project-management.php.].         .  2001 .   The Agile .

           ,        ,     .  ,    .    ,    ,            ,         ,  [21 - Seymour ., Hussein S. Op. cit.].




1.2.     


 ,        ,           .                     , , ,     .               , ,    - ,  ,   ,           . , .         (. 1.1)[22 - Bredillet C. From the editor. Exploring research in project management: Nine schools of project management research (part 3) // Journal of Project Management. 2007. 38(4). . 24. URL: https://www.pmi.org/learning/library/ exploring-research-project-management-2392.].






. 1.1.      [23 -  . .      :   //   . 2012. 4. . 3941.]



          .

  (School of optimization, D. Cliland, V. King, G. Kerzner).             .       ,    ,            .      :   ,   ,  ,   ,     . .

  (School of modeling, T. Williams).                  .     ,   ,                 , , ,    .           , ,     .

 :     (The Governance School, R. Lundin, A. Soderholm).        , -,       (   ,         )[24 - Turner J. R. Project contract management: Incomplete in its entirety // Construction Management and Economics. 2004. 22(1). . 7583.]; -,           (   ,     )[25 - Barnes M. How to allocate risks in construction contracts // International Journal of Project Management. 1983. 1. . 2428.].

        ,        [26 - Lundin R. A., Sderholm A. A theory of the temporary organization // Scandinavian Journal of Management. 1995. 11. . 437455.]        .       :



             ;

   [27 - Turner J. R., Keegan A. E. Mechanisms of governance in the project-based organization: The role of the broker and steward // European Management Journal. 2001. 19(3). . 254267.].


          ,   [28 - Jamieson H. A., Morris P. W. G. Implementing strategy through programs of projects // The Gower handbook of project management / ed. by J. R. Turner. Aldershot, UK: Gower, 2007. P. 2746.],     [29 - Winch G. M. The governance of project coalitions: Towards a research agenda // Commercial management of projects: Defining the discipline / eds. D. Lowe, R. Leiringer. Oxford, UK: Blackwell, 2006. P. 324343.].  :   ,        ,      .

 :     (The Behavior School: The Project as a Social System, R. Graham, J. Pinto, J. Tralee  .).        ,          .    ,       :  , ,  ,  ,   [30 - Turner J. R., Huemann M., Keegan A. E. Human resource management in the project-oriented organization. Newtown Square, PA: Project Management Institute, 2007; Bredillet C. Exploring research in project management: nine schools of project management research (part 4) // Project Management Journal. 2008. 39(1). . 26. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pmj.20030.].           -   .   (,     ,  , -  ,     . .)       ,    ,    -  .     , -          ,     .              ,  ,        ,  ,          .

  (The Success School: The Project as a Business Objective, J. Jagdev, R. Muller, J. Pinto, D. Slevin).      .        :    ( ,        ;  ,     )     (,      ;  ,   ; -,       )[31 - Jugdev K., Mller R. A retrospective look at our evolving understanding of project success // Project Management Journal. 2005. 36(4). . 1931.].    ,                    ,     ,     .

   (School of decision-making, G. Winch).                .             ,          ,  -          .       , ,      [32 -  . . . .].

  (Process school, J. Turner, R. Gareis, M. Huemann)[33 - Gareis R., Huemann M. Maturity Models fr the project-oriented Company. The Gower handbook of project management. Aldershot: Gower. 2007.].     ,            .            ,      ,      ,      .       ,   ,   [34 - Bredillet C. Exploring research in project management: nine schools of project management research (part 4).].

  (Situational school, D. Dvir, A. Shenhar, B. Saucer).      , ,            ,     .                .   ,   ,   ,          .

  (School of marketing, B. Cova, R. Salle, S. Foreman).            .            ,  ,  ,      .        ,     :    , ,     . .[35 - Bredillet C. Exploring research in project management: nine schools of project management research (part 4).]

        ,          .        ,          . ,     ,           (Global Accreditation Center for Project Management education programs)  ,            ( /   -)[36 - Project Management Institute. PMIs Industry Growth Forecast. Project Management Institute. 2013. 22; Project Managment Institute. GAC Accrediation High Standard of Quality for Project Managmenet Degree Programs. Retrieved from Project Managmenet Institute. 2013. URL: http://www.pmi.org/~/media/ PDF/Professional-Development/GAC/GAC_brochure.ashx.].   ,    2010  2020 .      15,7        - .               ,  -,   ,   . .[37 - Project Managment Institute. GAC Accrediation High Standard of Quality for Project Managmenet Degree Programs.]




1.3.    


    ,    ,      ,             ,                    .                ,       .




  .


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      Visa, MasterCard, Maestro,    ,   ,     ,  PayPal, WebMoney, ., QIWI ,       .



notes



1


Chiu Y. C. A History of Ancient Project Management: From Mesopotamia to the Roman Empire. Delft, The Netherlands: Eburon Academic Publishers, 2011.




2


Seymour ., Hussein S. The History Of Project Management // International Journal of Management & Information Systems. 2014. Vol. 18,  4.




3


Chiu Y. An introduction to the History of Project Management: From the Earliest Times to A.D.1900. Delft: Eburon, 2010.




4


 .    . ., 1923.




5


Kwak Y. H. Brief History of Project Management // K. A. Carayannis. The Story of Managing Projects (Chapter 2). Quorum Books, 2003.




6


         221   ,     . .     1931 .   1936 .,      .




7


Shenhar A. D. D. Reinventing Project Management. Boston: Harvard Bus. School Press, 2007. . 8.




8


  .  . URL: http://istorikazov.ru/Rossia_11_klass/industrializacija.html.




9


   IPMA   ,      70  (    ),          ,         ,  ,   ,    .   IPMA. URL: http://www.ipma.world/about.




10


URL: https://www.pmi.org/pmbok-guide-standards.




11


Azzopardi S. The Evolution of Project Management. Retrieved from Project Smart. URL: http://www.projectsmart.co.uk/evolution-of-project-management. html.




12


Seymour T., Hussein S. Op. cit.




13


Bizness Acadmie. A short history of PRINCE2. Retrieved from Bizness Acadmie. 2012. August 29. URL: http://biznessacademie.com/en/2012/08/a-short-history-of-prince2/.




14


Cox J., Goldratt E. M. The goal: aprocess of ongoing improvement. Great Barrington: North River Press, 1986.




15


 . .,  . .  -.  /: -   , 2016.




16


 ,        ,   ,    ,    .  ,    ,   ,              .   ,       ,      . .              .




17


               ,     .




18


Kwak Y. H. Op. cit.




19


Goldratt E. Critical Chain. Great Barrington: North River Press, 1997.




20


Haughey D. A Brief History of Project Management. URL: https://www.projectsmart.co.uk/brief-history-of-project-management.php.




21


Seymour ., Hussein S. Op. cit.




22


Bredillet C. From the editor. Exploring research in project management: Nine schools of project management research (part 3) // Journal of Project Management. 2007. 38(4). . 24. URL: https://www.pmi.org/learning/library/ exploring-research-project-management-2392.




23


 . .      :   //   . 2012. 4. . 3941.




24


Turner J. R. Project contract management: Incomplete in its entirety // Construction Management and Economics. 2004. 22(1). . 7583.




25


Barnes M. How to allocate risks in construction contracts // International Journal of Project Management. 1983. 1. . 2428.




26


Lundin R. A., Sderholm A. A theory of the temporary organization // Scandinavian Journal of Management. 1995. 11. . 437455.




27


Turner J. R., Keegan A. E. Mechanisms of governance in the project-based organization: The role of the broker and steward // European Management Journal. 2001. 19(3). . 254267.




28


Jamieson H. A., Morris P. W. G. Implementing strategy through programs of projects // The Gower handbook of project management / ed. by J. R. Turner. Aldershot, UK: Gower, 2007. P. 2746.




29


Winch G. M. The governance of project coalitions: Towards a research agenda // Commercial management of projects: Defining the discipline / eds. D. Lowe, R. Leiringer. Oxford, UK: Blackwell, 2006. P. 324343.




30


Turner J. R., Huemann M., Keegan A. E. Human resource management in the project-oriented organization. Newtown Square, PA: Project Management Institute, 2007; Bredillet C. Exploring research in project management: nine schools of project management research (part 4) // Project Management Journal. 2008. 39(1). . 26. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pmj.20030.




31


Jugdev K., Mller R. A retrospective look at our evolving understanding of project success // Project Management Journal. 2005. 36(4). . 1931.




32


 . . . .




33


Gareis R., Huemann M. Maturity Models fr the project-oriented Company. The Gower handbook of project management. Aldershot: Gower. 2007.




34


Bredillet C. Exploring research in project management: nine schools of project management research (part 4).




35


Bredillet C. Exploring research in project management: nine schools of project management research (part 4).




36


Project Management Institute. PMIs Industry Growth Forecast. Project Management Institute. 2013. 22; Project Managment Institute. GAC Accrediation High Standard of Quality for Project Managmenet Degree Programs. Retrieved from Project Managmenet Institute. 2013. URL: http://www.pmi.org/~/media/ PDF/Professional-Development/GAC/GAC_brochure.ashx.




37


Project Managment Institute. GAC Accrediation High Standard of Quality for Project Managmenet Degree Programs.


