:  
   


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     , ,      ,       ,         .      ,    :  ,   .      ..    .    ,               .





   

:  



L.Sprague de Camp

H.P.Lovecraft: A Biography



 1975 by L.Sprague de Camp

 .,    , 2019

   һ, 2019


* * *


    :

 .,

..

   










     ..   . -,            1937. -,     [1 -   ( )      ,    1923.   ..;        . (18861957). (..)],       ,           . !  1932 ,       ,    ,       .     

   1946  1960     .           ,    .[2 -    (, 19061936)    ,      -, .].           ,            ,        .      ,       .     .

                   .          .  -,  ,                .

 ,       ,            .  4  1971    ,     .            ,    ,           .

 , ,      ,         .       ,  ,       .  ,    ,  .



     ,     .          , , ,   -   .            ,       ,      [3 -   (  there but for the grace of God,  There but for the grace of God go I)         (15101555),          ,   ;          ( , ,    ).].

        ,    ... ,     ,   ,            ,        ,     ,             -.  ,    .

 ,       .            ,   ,         .

  ,     .     .            ,      .

  ,      ,        .      ,     :         ,        ,    .     ,        ,       .

        ,   ,   .       , ,  ,     .           .



           .     :

 ,                 ,     ;

  ,           ,   ;

     ,      ;

  ,               ;

   (  .),     ,    ad libitum[4 - Ad libitum  ,    (.).]         ;

 ,        ,        ;  

 ..,  .,   -   .-,      -,                   .

         ,   ,   ,     :   ,  .,  ,  .,  ,  ,    ,  .,  .,  ,     .-   - ,   .,    ,  .,   ,  ,  ,  .,  ,   ,  .,  .,  ,  .,  ,  ,  ,  .,  .-,  ,  ,  ,   , . ,  .,  .,  X.    .    ,  .,  .,  ,  ,  .,  .,  .,  .,  , . ,  .,     .



.  

,  

 1974.




 . -


		   ,
		   ,
		   
		  .

		   ,
		   ,
		   
		 [5 - Howard Phillips Lovecraft Providence, 11. 18  Fungi from Yuggoth and Other Poems, N.Y.: Ballantine Books, Inc., 1971, p. 1. (     ..   ,  ..  ,    ,     .  Howard Phillips Lovecraft The Ancient Track: The Complete Poetical Works, ed. by S.T.Joshi, San Francisco: Night Shade Books, 2001, p. 302,      ,      ..     14  912  . ..)].

.. 

 ,        ,  ,  -,           .          .        , ,    ,           .

              -, 454[6 -     194,     90    .]               .         .  ,      ,       .

   ,      1893 ,    ,   ,    .

          ,       ,       . ,           ,      ,     .     , ,       , ,    .

  ..      :      ,      .  ,     ,  .  .,  ,    .   ,     1919     ,       , ,   ,    [7 - Winfield Townley Scott Exiles and Fabrications, Garden City: Doubleday & Co., Inc., 1961, pp. 59, 68; His Own Most Fantastic Creation  Howard Phillips Lovecraft Marginalia, Sauk City: Arkham House, 1944, p. 319.          1955 .].

 ,    ,      ,    .        .  , ,       ,          .   -,             ,       ,      .  :     ,        ,           .          ,     ,     ,      ,       .         -,   ,    . ,      ,    ,   [8 -  .. .., 14  1925.; Winfield Townley Scott His Own Most Fantastic Creation  Howard Phillips Lovecraft Marginalia, Sauk City: Arkham House, 1944, pp. 313f; Exiles and Fabrications, Garden City: Doubleday & Co., Inc., 1961, p. 55.]

    ,   .          ,   ,            .      ,   ,            .    ,            ,       .

      ,              . -       ,   .             .      -  :   [9 - August W.Derleth Final notes  H.P.Lovecraft The Dark Brotherhood and Other Pieces, Sauk City: Arkham House, 1966, p. 320; Sonia H.Davis The Private Life of Howard Phillips Lovecraft,      , . 3.].

       .        ,       .         ,          .  -    ,      ,         ,   , .         ,        . ,     ,    :      [10 -  ..  .,   1937.].

  ,    ,          ,   .     ,       .    -     ,           ,    [11 - Sonia .Davis Memories of Lovecraft  The Arkham Collector, I, 4 (Winter, 1969), p. 117; W.Paul Cook In Memoriam: Howard Phillips Lovecraft (Recollections, Appreciations, Estimates), , 1941, p. 10.].   , ,     - .

 ,            .      ,    ,     .

     .    ,               .



   (18901937)             ,       ,       ,   .       ,        .

  ,    ,     ,     .       ,         .  -,     ,           ,           .       ,   .     ,  .

          .           .            .

          ,    ,    .              .           ,          .               [12 -  .. X.., 15  1935.; Marc Slonim European Notebook  New York Times Book Review, 17 May 1970; Arthur S.Koki .P.Lovecraft: An Introduction to his Life and Writings,  , Columbia University, 1962, pp. If; Dorothy C.Walter Three Hours with H.P.Lovecraft  H.P.Lovecraft and Divers Hands The Shuttered Room and Other Pieces, Sauk City: Arkham House, 1959, p. 179.]. 5  1973  -          .

    ,               .    ,      .      ,               .

    ,     (antient, publick, askd)     ,   ,  .      ,  !.        ,   :      ?[13 - James F.Morton  Few Memories  The Olympian, No. 35 (Fall, 1940), p. 26.]

-  ,  ,     ,     .  ,      - ,  :

 !     :             ![14 - Steve Eisner (ed.) Howard Phillips Lovecraft Memorial Symposium, University of Detroit Quarterly, VIII, 3,1958, p. 3;         , ,  -, 2  1952.]

   ,              ,         .             [15 -  ..  , 25  1915.; .., 10  1923.    .P.Lovecraft Selected Letters, I, II, III, Sauk City: Arkham House, 1965,68,71       Reinhardt  Rheinhart.],           -.

        ,    ,    , ,  ,      ,    .        ,     ,     ,     .

 ,       ,     ,     .    ,   -      .

 :        ,        ,    : ,      [16 -  .. .., 1  1923.; Sonia .Davis .P.Lovecraft as his Wife Remembers Him  Books at Brown, XI, 1 & 2 (Feb. 1949), p. 10.].          .            ,    ,   - .

          .    ,     ,           [17 -  .. ., 10  1927.; Sonia .Davis,  .].        ,   -,   ,        .

 ,         ,          , , ,   ,    .            ,        .                 ,   .

       ,         .      ,      ,             .      ,        .

       ,               [18 -  .. .X., 13  1935.; .., 17  1930.].        ,      .      ,           .

    [19 -  .. .., 16  1926.; ., 11  1931.; ..,   1937.]   ,              ,    ,     .

       .            ,         ,        [20 -  ,   .],       .

 , ,   ,      ,     .          ,    ,              .          ,       ,         .

      -   ;     ;      ; ,   ;    ,                          ,  ,       ,      [21 - Jas. Wade    .P.Lovecraft Selected Letters, III, Sauk City: Arkham House, 1971  Meade Frierson III (ed.) Howard Phillips Lovecraft, Birmingham, Ala.: , 1972, p. 52.].

      ,     ,           ,  ,  ,   , ,   .

         ,  ,   ,   ,    .   , -,    1920       :  -           ,      , ,    ,    ,      .         [22 - George Julian Houtain,    The Zenith, Jan. 1921, p. 3.].

     :      ;          ,       ; ,     ;  ,       ; ,            ,     .



,        ,  ,   ,    ,       .       .

-        ,   1248  , 181     .            ,      .        [23 -    ,   (   ,      )        ;  ,    roddich Eylandken,   ,        . (       (15671627)     . ..)].

 1636            ,     .            .   [24 -   (16031684) - ,     ,   ;  (    )     ,           (16241691),      . (..)],          ,         , ,   [25 -  .. .., 24  1931.].

  -      ,      ,     .   1762       ,           ,     ,  ,                  ,    ,   ,    ,           [26 - Gertrude Selwyn Kimball Providence in Colonial Times, Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co., 1912, pp. 307f.].

     .     , ,    ,     .      .  ,     ,       .              .

 ,   ,        .               95.

      ,    .          ,           .                   -,   18951901      .

,          ,    ,    .    -,       .        -.    ,    -,          .        ,     .   ,    ,   .

-,        ,         .    88     ,             ,    -   .    1848 ,     ,    ,     .        ,    .  ,        .

-      -,             . -   -,         .          ,     ,     .

    (18901910)      ,      .          - ,     ,      .      , ,    ,     [27 - Stephen Birmingham The Late John Marquand, Phila.: J.B.Lippincott Co., 1972, p. 74.].

       .            ,         .        (1936)    :           ,       .  ,   ,                    .    ,    ,      ,     .     ,   ,    .          .  , ,                    셻

          ,  ,             ,       [28 - John P.Marquand The Late George Apley (A Novel in the Form of a Memoir), Boston: Little, Brown & Co., 1936, pp. 10, 15.].         ,   , ,     .       ,        ,   ,        .         :        ,            ,    .    ,   ,   ,   .    ,  .          ,        ,    ,      .

        .      ,    .     ,  ,    ,     ,      ,  .

      ,   ,        ,   ,  -  ,   .     ,  ,       .       ,            [29 - Stephen Birmingham The Late John Marquand, Phila.: J.B.Lippincott Co., 1972, pp. 19f;   . .., 18  1948.].

   ,    ,      .         .      .           ,    .        ,     , , ,   .



       ,    . ,       -    ,  ,          - , ,    . , , ,   .  ,      .

          .       -    ,        ,        .

      ,    ,   (, ) . ,   -,    ,   22  1833      .

    ,  ,  ,          .       -,         .  1855                     .    .

    ,           [30 -  ..,   ;    ., 5  1972.].

   , ,    ,       ,    .            ,        .  1874 ,   ,    .      ,    ,   ,   .

       .         .               .

       ,    .      ,      (18561932),   (   , 18571921)    (18661941). ,  ,           ,  , , ,   . ,       ,   .      ,      . , ,   ,      ,      .

         .        .       ,     .

    . (18641918)   1894 ,      .    ,        , -  ,    ,   ,   ,       .

         ,   . 12  1889 ,       ,       ,     .     ,   .

    ,       .      ,  -,       ,         [31 - Barton Levy St.Armand The Outsider in Legend and Myth,  , Brown University, 1966, p. 10; Winfield Townley Scott Exiles and Fabrications, Garden City: Doubleday & Co., Inc., 1961, pp. 54, 68.].

  ,  ,    , ,    .  1827                .     (18151895)    ,   ,      .    1853 , ,      ,               ,  - .    ,  ,     , ,     .

      -,  -,        .   ,    ,      .

           ,  ,    ,           .   ,     ,         . , 20  1890 ,           ,   .




 .  


		   ,
		  
		,    ,
		,     ,
		    
		    ,
		    
		    [32 -   ,  ,  18. ( .,  : .. , ., , 1998. . 175.  ..)].

..  

        ,              .  1892 ,     ,  .         .  ,           ,  .

              ,  ,     -.         (18611920),   ,    ,   ,      .  1892      .             ,      .

    ,               ,    18921893 .      1892  ,    .   ,                  .  :         .    .    ,  ,    .   ,  ,      . ,    , ,      [33 -  .. .X., 30  1892.; 14  1892.; 25  1892.; 30  1892. (   ,  .)      ,   ,     .].

        .    ,      ,            .     , ,       .  ,      , ,    ,    .

,      , ,   .    -     .        ?    !.    ,   .            ,                .

               :              -  .   , ,      ,    ,     ,     ,                 ,       ,     ,    -,   ,   ,          -    

    (     ),      ,      ,                .            .  ,    ,      ,       .

   ,          .   ,    .   ,        .   ,      .

     ,            ,    .    . (   ,        ,     .)

             . .. ,      ,   ,       ,  ,     .       : ,     ![34 -  .. .., 4  1934.]



  ,       18921893 ,         .   1893 ,        ,       .      ,    ,            [35 - Arthur S.Koki .P.Lovecraft: An Introduction to his Life and Writings,  , Columbia University, 1962, p. 9.    ..      1898.].          .         ,    ,      .     .

     ,  25  1898       (, )     ,    ,     .  ,     ,  .           .

     ,     .   .. ,      ,               .

 1948          .  ,   ,        ,      ,   ..       .

 ,  [36 -   :     . (..)],   ,      .  ,    .        ,        ,  .        ,   ..      .

  , ,     ,  , ,   ,   .         1907 .   ,  ,    ,    ,    ,   ,  ,     ,          .   ,   ,              .

 ,    ,   , ,   , ,    ,          .

,   ..       .         ,     ,      [37 -    ..; David .Keller Shadows Over Lovecraft  Fresco, VIII, 3 (Spring, 1958), p. 24,    .].

          . .. -    .  ,             [38 - Sonia .Davis Memories of Lovecraft  The Arkham Collector, I, 4 (Winter, 1969), p. 117; .P.Lovecraft as his Wife Remembers Him  Books at Brown, XI, 1 & 2 (Feb. 1949), p. 7.].

         . ,   ,   . (       ,     ,            ,     ?)   ,      ,       ,        .

    .        - ,        . , ,      ,      ,              .

           .    , ,    , ,      ,       ,  ,   .        셻[39 - Henry Adams The Education of Henry Adams, An Autobiography, Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co., 1918, pp. 384f.].

         .                .

         ,      [40 -  .. ., 16  1916.],   , ,    ,  ,    ,   ,    .      ,       .    ,       ,     .  ,   ,   ,      .        ,      .

         .       -  :  ,      . ,     ,    ,         .     ,  ,           [41 -  .. .., 4  1934.].

     ,        .    ,             .

          ,            ,     .     ,       -.



 ..       ,    ,   .  ,   ,    ,   .  ,            .

    ,      .      .         .

         .              .              [42 -  .. .., 3  1927.],       .

-     ,       -.     ,  ,      . ,  -   ,     -,   .

           .   ,     ,   ,       -.      ,           ,       -.

                -.     ,   .      ,    ,         .  :  ,   ,  ,                   ,       ,     .    -      ,      ,    ,       -   [43 - Howard Phillips Lovecraft  Confession of Unfaith  Selected Essays, North Tonawanda, SSR Publications, 1952 (Vol. I of The Lovecraft Collectors Library, ed. by George Wetzel), p. 19;  .. .., 30  1931.].

     ,  ,   ,    :    ,                 ,    .                ,     .         ,    ,     ,     -.        ,          , ,    ,     ,            ,     ,    ,     ,          .               ,     ,   ,           .                    .               .        ,   ,     .    ,   ,               .           ,            .           ,    ,           .       ,             .    ,     ,    , -   ,      ,     .    ,         ,   ,         [44 - Howard Phillips Lovecraft  Confession of Unfaith  Selected Essays, North Tonawanda, SSR Publications, 1952 (Vol. I of The Lovecraft Collectors Library, ed. by George Wetzel), p. 20;      .. .., 3  1924.; ., 20  1929.; .., 30  1931. (       .   ,    ,      ,     , ,   .   ,     ,     ,    . ,  Hesperian     Hyperian   Hyperion, ,      -.   ,        . ..)].

-    ,     ,     .  ,       ,    .      ,     ,         ,     .

     Wundersucht[45 - Wundersucht (.)   . (..)]        ,          . ,       .   ,          .

, ,   ,   ,   .     ,     .   .     (18631947),    ,  , :     :  ,       ,   ,           腻[46 - Arthur Machen The Autobiography of Arthur Machen, Lon.: RichardsPr. 1951, p. 28.]



    ,      ,         .  ,  ,   ,   ,       ,   .      , ,     ,         .

    .        -           ,   .        .        ,  : -       ,        ,           .   ,                   - ,     ,     ,        . , !     ,      -            ,       , ,       ,       ,   ,         ,   [47 -  .. .., 5  1931.].

       ,      .   ,   ,   ,        .

   ,            ,                    .   ,    (,   ,  )      .    ,   ,  ,     ,          ,      [48 -    ,    ,  ,           (18081895).   (,   )  ,   1931.      ;          (17791843)  1814.     ,      , ,       (17501836),    1766.        ,   .        ,        . (..)].

        ,       ,    :       , ,         ,             ,      .     ?  ,   ,             ,  ,                 ,       ,   f[49 -    ,   s     s (      )   f,         ;         ,        . (..)],       , , , , , , , , , ,    ,    ,      ,   ,   ,     ,   ,            .

           ,         .  ,   ,   ,          .          1797 ,      ,       1897.           ,      ,        f          1697  1897        ,      ,   -[50 - -  ,   1933.  ,                      .     ,     . (..)],      ,          s,            [51 -  .. .., 3  1927.; Howard Phillips Lovecraft Autobiography: Some Notes on a Nonentity, Sauk City: Arkham House, 1963, p. xi.].

   ;          ,     ,  ,  .   ,     ,      .

      .          .        .   ,     ,        .     ,    ,     ()  sarvent  servant ().         ,        .     : ,  , ,    ,                    ,                      ,     , ,   ,  ,   [52 -             ,      -     ,        1706.      .       ,          ;  ,     1692.          (,   , , , , ,   )     ,        ,        . (..)]    ,     ,    ,     ,           .      ,              .    -             (     ,   )    ,   ,  ,    :  ,            ! ,  ,   -   !

             .      ,   .   ,   ,             ,  ,    ,  -   .

 ,       ,  , ,    .            Poemata Minora    ,    .  ,  ,  ,  :

		,   .
		 ,     
		   ,
		      [53 - Henry Adams The Education of Henry Adams, An Autobiography, Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co., 1918, p. 11;  .. P.X., 16  1935.; .., 9  1931.; .., 3  1924. (Poemata Minora (.)   .          (   Tryout, V, 4 (Apr. 1919), . 8,       ).       ;       ,  ;    ,  ,   ,  ,  ,   . ..)].

  , ,    ,            .

         ,    ,   .     ,        , ,   .             .



         .   .  :    ,         .        -  .

  1896   ,        , .          ,     ,    []    ,  ,    ,          .          ![54 -  .. 3. ., 13  1928.; ., 16  1916.; .,  1  1933.]

             .,      .     :       ,         ,    .    ,      ,             腻      .            .

          .          ,      .  ,      ,             ,    , ,           ,    ,   - ,   ,     .   :            [55 - John .Gough Sunlight and Shadow (or Gleanings from My Life Work), Hartford: A.D.Worthington & Co., 1881, pp. 248, 260, 364;  .. 3. ., 13  1928.; .., 10  1931.]. ,                 ,    ,  , ,    ,  .




 .  


		  , ,  
		     ,
		, ,    ,
		    .
		    ,
		,    ,
		     ,
		    [56 - Howard Phillips Lovecraft Night-Gaunts, 11. 18  Fungi from Yuggoth and Other Poems, N.Y.: Ballantine Books, Inc., 1971, p. 125.].

..  

,       ,    .     .

      ,      ,         ,   .    :     .          ,             ,     ,           .               .

   ,       .   ,      ,    : Nemo fere saltat sobrius, nisi forte insanit! (    ,     )[57 -  .. ..Mo, 1  1915.; ., 16  1916.].      .

 ,   ׸,   ,       .

   ,    .   ,      ,  :     .  ,     .       .

        ,    ,      - .  ,      ,   ,    .    ,     ,    ,     [58 - W.Paul Cook An Appreciation of H.P.Lovecraft  H.P.Lovecraft Beyond the Wall of Sleep, Sauk City: Arkham House, 1943, p. 428; In Memoriam: Howard Phillips Lovecraft (Recollections, Appreciations, Estimates), , 1941, p. 10;    ., 5  1972.].

            .        - ,   - ,               ,   .

            ,   .        ,      .     ,      .

              ,   .         ,     .      ,        ,    .

           ,   .   ,    ,  :  ! -    ,        ,     .     [59 -         . (..)]    ,  ,  :                     .

             .     ,    .    :  ,    ,     ,     셻     ,   :    !

   ,      ,         .           ,  ,        [60 - .P.Lovecraft and Divers Hands The Shuttered Room and Other Pieces, Sauk City: Arkham House, 1959, pp. 45f;  .. .., 19  1931.].

     ,    ,     .  ,   ,        .    ,        .    ,     ,          ,          ,       [61 - Arthur S.Koki .P.Lovecraft: An Introduction to his Life and Writings,  , Columbia University, 1962, p. 8; Clara L.Hess  Providence Journal, 19 Sep. 1948, VI, p. 8, col. 1.].

       .   ,              .    ,       .

, , ,     ,  , ,       ,         .   ,     ,   :      ,   ?

   :        ,             .

 ,       (  ),       .        ,     , , ,      [62 - Sonia H.Davis Howard Phillips Lovecraft as his Wife Remembers Him  Providence Sunday Journal, 22 Aug. 1948, part VI, p. 8, col. 1; .P.Lovecraft as his Wife Remembers Him  Books at Brown, XI, 1 8c 2 (Feb. 1949), p. 5;  .. .., 4  1935.; .., 5  1935.].         ,    . ,  ,         .



      .           .    ,               , :



 -ͻ

 1779

    

 

,

   .



   1897 ,     ,              .   ,         .          .

        .  ,      ,    ,   .    :       .    ,  1897  1899,            ,          .

      ,           .    ,     ,   .  ,    ,    ,      ,    ,    , ,   .

         , -      ,      .       .  ,           -,       ,       .   ,      .      ,      ,              .

       .     ,    ,      ,    [63 -  .. .,  1933.; .., 23  1933.].            ,         .        .



 1897           (18691936),       ,          .           ,  .        ,   ,     .

 1898    ,  ,   1900 ,      .  1916   ,    ,   .        .       ,     ,     .

-  90    (-     )       (18471915),     . , ,   ,      .         1902 ,     ,    . ,      .

19  1898 ,     ,       .          -,    .         ,       .

             .       :    ,  ,       . ..     ,    ,    ,          .

   1898  ,       ,      -,    -[64 - .. (  ., 16  1916.) :       ,       ,     ,          .  ,     .   (  ) ,         ,  -,     ,        .    .].   ,               .  1925, ,       ,         ,     - , ,    .

  1899/1900          -,  - .    ,    :    ,    ,   ,              .

-,       ,     ,             . ,       .     :           ,     . ,     ,      ,     ,              ,       ,       ,         , ,      ,  ,   , -   -       .             ,   ,       ,   .

     ,    (    ):       ,        ,      (   [65 -       ..       (1927),      (.    ).  Night-Gaunts ( gaunt  ; , ; , ,    )     -:   (., .),   (.) ,   ,       (..). (..)]   ,     )     [ ?]             .       ,         .         ,  ,  ,     ,        ,   .    ,       ,   , ,    ,    . ,           (     ),   .   ,           [ ],        . -   ,      ,      .                .                             [66 -  .. ..Mo, 1  1915.; W.Paul Cook An Appreciation of H.P.Lovecraft  .P.Lovecraft Beyond the Wall of Sleep, Sauk City: Arkham House, 1943, p. 428;  .. P.X., 10  1934.; ., 24  1936.].

      ,     ,      [67 -    , ,       . (..)],       .            ,      ,      :     -,   - ,        , ,   ,    . ,    ,     , -     .  ,    ,         , -          .        ,          .  , ,     ,        [68 - .P.Lovecraft The Outsider and Others, Sauk City: Arkham House, 1939, p. 217; The Dunwich Horror and Others, Sauk City: Arkham House, 1963, p. 281;  .. .., 22  1932. (    ..    (1933). ..)].

       ,  ,      -  ,    .     ,    .   ,      ...

      .    ,  ,   .        ,   .,  .   .      , -   - ,       .

,  ,      !    ,                !         ,      .     :      [69 -   facts of life       . (..)],      -,               ,    (    ),    ..  ..              ,       .     ,        ,           (    -  ),      .         ,        ,   ,   -        ,    ,    [70 -  .. .., 3  1927.; .., 4  1934.].

       ,     - .           .    ,   ,   :

		 !  , ,   !
		  ,        .
		    ,    .
		     ,   [71 -  .. .., 3  1927.; ., 8  1929.]

      .   ,  ,     (1898),   :     ,   ,    ,   .        ,   ,      . ,  텻

     ,     .  ,     .        .      ,    ,   .        ,  ,  ,            ,    ,    . [72 - .P.Lovecraft and Divers Hands The Shuttered Room and Other Pieces, Sauk City: Arkham House, 1959, pp. 46f.].

 1898  1899     ,   .            , ,       .         -     :      ,        .   . (,     :        ,     ,  ,  .        .)

,  ,    .        :   !       .  ,      ,     ,   .              .         [73 - Ibid., pp. 4852.].

, ,             .          ,      1902:      .

 ,    ,    .   , ,   - ,       ,   .

       ,        .      ,   ,     .    [74 - Ibid., pp. 52f.].  ,      ,   .

       ,    .     ,          ,   ,   ,   .   ,      ,       1810 .      ,     ,           .



      ,    .        1864  .        ,      ,   .  1898     .

    ,   ,     ,     .     ,    , , , , ,   ,   ..,  ..        ,        ,  , , , , , , ,    .         ,             .

    ,      .    1899       .     -            ,  .       ,  , ,     ,      [75 -  .. .., 3  1927.; ..,   1937.; ., 29  1918.; . (  ).].

  1902 ,   ,       .        -.     ,   - .       .

      ,       .  , ,   ,         .    ,  ,  , .  :       ,        (   ,        ,    ,           )  -,   !

       ,          (18891943)     (18911966),    ,           ,    .             .    -,      , ,          ,          .              -,    ,            ,    [76 -  .. P.X., 24  1935.; .., 4  1934.; .,  1  1933.; ., 16  1916.; X.., 4  1935.].

     [77 -     ,        (18591930),      . (..)],        :       ,         ,    , ,  ,  (  ,  - !),   (     !!),  (  ),  (  ,    ( )   ,    ( )  )                ,         .         ?  ,  !!         ,      .    .       .       ,                  ,          .     ,         !!![78 -  .. ., 16  1916.; .., 17  1931.; ., 27  1918.  , ,   --,        1921., .  .. ., 11  1921.]

             .     ,     ,              ,    .

      .     ,      .   ,     .           .

 1900    ,   ,    .  1913,      ,      .       ,        .      , ,      .             .



         .      ,    .        .         .             .     ,     ,   ,       s.

 1899         ( ):      ( )         .          .           (-  ),        1909 .                  .        ,             ,       1908 .

  1903      .           -,     .       ,     ,    ,      .          .  1906    ,   ,      .  ,     ,         .

  1903     ,   .    ,     ,     ,       -     .       .       ,               .

    ,        .    ,        ,   ,   .



  1900       .                 .        .    ,       .  ,    ,      .

  ,    ,   .         ,  ,     ,          :   ,        ,   ,  -    ,      .     ,    ,    ,     ,    .          .

      ,     ,      .      ,          :         . 10  1902        ,     ,     .

  27  1904          ,    ,     [79 -  .. 3. ., 8  1927.; .., 3  1924.; .., 16  1935.; .., 5  1931.; ., 16  1916.; Providence Journal, 31 Mar. 1904.].   ,   ,     .    .

               ,      .      .             , ,     - ,       .

          ,    -, 454 .         1961       .




 .  


		    ,
		  ,
		   
		   
		   ,
		  ,
		   
		  [80 - Howard Phillips Lovecraft Despair, 11. 18  Fungi from Yuggoth and Other Poems, N.Y.: Ballantine Books, Inc., 1971, p. 80.].

.. 

                ,  598600  -.    ,   598.       ,       ,      :   ,   ,    ,   .      (     ,    ),                  - ,       .  ,       , ,        , , , , ,  , ,  , ,   , ,    ?      (     !)    ,        ,      ?                         .          :         , , ,     [81 -  .. .., 4  1934.].

   ,    , .

    !                 ,   - .       ,         .        ,    .               ,     ,       .      , ,      ,      ,      ,  ,           ,      [82 -  .. .., 10  1937.   ..  23  1934.  :     ,   ,     . ,   1904 ,      -, 454.].

     , ,    ,   - :         . ,       ,    ,        .            .

        ,     .          :          ,     ,         ,        - , !!      ?                 .    .     ,   ,   .        ,      (       ),    .     ,           ,   , ,    ,     .           . (  [1904 ]     ,       ,       ,   .)              ,    .              .              20  1890 .

       ,      :  . ,        ,   ,    :  -              .       ,   ,      ,     . , .             ?     ,                       ,    ?       ,       ,     ,     .    .          ,   ? ,  ,         ,     (   )?              ,         ? ,    ?  ,   ,    ,     .       ,  ,       ,   ,     ,     .  .      ,    ,           ?             .

 , ,   : ,    ,           ,           ,      -    ,       [,    -], ,   ,       ,        ,        .    -     ,    ,      .

          ,      .  ,                ,      .    ,    ,          ,    ,     .      ,     ,      .     .

        .      ,        ,    .       ,        .

      (19041905)   ,    81.      (87),     (74)[83 -  .. .., 17  1930.; ., 16  1916.; Winfield Townley Scott Exiles and Fabrications, Garden City: Doubleday & Co., Inc., 1961, p. 56; Arthur S.Koki .P.Lovecraft: An Introduction to his Life and Writings,  , Columbia University, 1962, p. 20.].          .

    ,         ,              ,          ,         ?   !    .           ,               ,               ,           .        ,  - ,   -      .   ! ,  ,     ,    ,   

          .       . , ,       ,   ,   -  [84 -  .. .., 4  1934.; Arthur S.Koki .P.Lovecraft: An Introduction to his Life and Writings,  , Columbia University, 1962, p. 21.].      .          ,    ,       .



 1905          .     ,      .               ,   .        ,      .  :  ,        ,     .  ,          .

          ,      . :         ,   ,             ,   ,    ,       ,       -   ,         ,       ,        , , ,      .

  .          .          .      ,   .     ,     ,  ,   ,    .     ,  ,   ,    ,    -   !!![85 - H.P.Lovecraft Marginalia, Sauk City: Arkham House, 1944, pp. 26875.].

 ( 1  1905 )        .       ,  .    ,        :     ( ,     )     .

,         .            ,     ,     .   ,     ,  , :  , ,              .      ,     ,       ,     ,  .             ,                [  ][86 -  .. .., 23  1933.; ..,   1937.].

  1907       ;   ,  ,       :    ,         ,     .          .  ,    ,                   , , ,   .

 1908        .  ,   ,    .      ,   (),     ,      ,   .  ,    (),  :

		     
		   ,   , !

      ,    ,  .                .

    ,    .            : ,  ,      .  ,    , ,         [87 -  .. ., 1  1933.; George Muller The Origins of H.P.Lovecraft's Fiction,      , 1969, pp. 5f.].

    ,   ,   .       : ,         .         -    .  ,   ,  ,      腻

  ,        ,         .      ,     ,        : ,   ,     ?          ?    ,    ?  ,  ! ! !    ,    .      ![88 - The United Amateur, XVI, 4 (Nov. 1916), pp. 5357; H.P.Lovecraft and Divers Hands The Shuttered Room and Other Pieces, Sauk City: Arkham House, 1959, pp. 5463.     .        .]

   ,            ,      .         , ,    ,          1908 .



  1904/05              .  ,          1906 .

      .  , 1906       .         ,   ,   ,  .         ,   ,           .

     .         ,   -,  -.  ,        ,       .   .

 ,     ,       .             1893 ,  , ,        ,    ,    .

    ,      . ,           .           :           ,    ,     .   ,     .        ,           ,    ,        !                 ..!!!

      ,         :     ,  ,    ..       .       ?,     ?,     ?       ?.            .    , , ,        .    :   ,              .

               ,      ..    ,      ,         ,   (,   ,     ),               .       - ,          .

 1907        -.         ,    ,      -:      ,    ,   !         ,  , ,           ,   ..,    [89 - The Scientific American, XCV, 8 (25 Aug. 1906), p. 135;  .. ., 16  1916.; 19  1916.; Kenneth W.Faig, Jr. Howard Phillips Lovecraft: The Early Years, 18901914,      , . 46;  ..  ., 20  1935.].

     1906 .        1908,    .              .

               .           . -   1905          .    ,     .

  1905          .       ,        .  ,    - .

 1906       .      , -        ; 25  1907            .         .   ,          .

         :      (  )       .               ,   ,     ,    . (  ,    ,        .)  ,      (     ), ,    ,      .        ,       ,  ,        !     ,   ,             ( ),      .

  .        ,    ,        0,22 ,    .  ,      ,    ,  .   ,      ,    1910      -  .   ,         ;   ,    ,       ,    ,  -   腻

       ,    ,    .

6  1906       . , ,       :    .        ,       , , ...

-             ,       -        , ,   .  ,      ,  ,    .         ,     ,              .

      .   ,     .        ,        .        ,   ,     ,   .

         , : ,    ,        .          (  )     ,     ,    ,      [90 -  .. ., 21  1918.; .., 5  1931.; .., 19  1920.; W..S.Russell  Seek a Fortune  The Listener, LXXX, 2060 (19 Sep. 1968), p. 365. (    (. 1925)  , , . ..)].           .  1923         .           ,               .

        ,      .       ,     ,   ; ,    ,     . -          hermit ()  haircut ().  ,   orianfolots,      orientalists ().    ,     ,    ,       .

     ,            ,       .       ,   ,          .  ,  ,   ,     ,     .

 1907        2   .            .              ,    ,   ,          [91 -  .. .., 1  1936.; .., 30  1936., .., 3  1930.; .., 30  1933.; ..,  1935.; .., 22  1933.   ..  7  1921.  ,   , , ,   .].             .       ,        ,     .

  1906          -    .      :   90,   75,   85, ,   85, ,   90, ,   85,   92,   95.

  ,       .         :     ,           ,  .     ,        ,          .     ,    ,        .

 1907/08      ,   ,    .     ,   ,      .   ,        ,     .

           , :  [ ]  ,        ,         ,      [92 - Arthur S.Koki .P.Lovecraft: An Introduction to his Life and Writings,  , Columbia University, 1962, p. 21;  .. .., 3  1927. , ,        -.].  , ,   ,      ,       .        ,         .            ,              .

       ,      : -,     ,       ,     .   ,      :       ,      ; ,   ,  ,  -     .



          ,        .         , :          ,                    ,    ;                     -,       ,              ,               1908 .            ,         [93 -  .. .., 3  1924.; ., 16  1916.]




  .


   .

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      Visa, MasterCard, Maestro,    ,   ,     ,  PayPal, WebMoney, ., QIWI ,       .



notes








1


  ( )      ,    1923.   ..;        . (18861957). (..)




2


   (, 19061936)    ,      -, .




3


  (  there but for the grace of God,  There but for the grace of God go I)         (15101555),          ,   ;          ( , ,    ).




4


Ad libitum  ,    (.).




5


Howard Phillips Lovecraft Providence, 11. 18  Fungi from Yuggoth and Other Poems, N.Y.: Ballantine Books, Inc., 1971, p. 1. (     ..   ,  ..  ,    ,     .  Howard Phillips Lovecraft The Ancient Track: The Complete Poetical Works, ed. by S.T.Joshi, San Francisco: Night Shade Books, 2001, p. 302,      ,      ..     14  912  . ..)




6


    194,     90    .




7


Winfield Townley Scott Exiles and Fabrications, Garden City: Doubleday & Co., Inc., 1961, pp. 59, 68; His Own Most Fantastic Creation  Howard Phillips Lovecraft Marginalia, Sauk City: Arkham House, 1944, p. 319.          1955 .




8


 .. .., 14  1925.; Winfield Townley Scott His Own Most Fantastic Creation  Howard Phillips Lovecraft Marginalia, Sauk City: Arkham House, 1944, pp. 313f; Exiles and Fabrications, Garden City: Doubleday & Co., Inc., 1961, p. 55.




9


August W.Derleth Final notes  H.P.Lovecraft The Dark Brotherhood and Other Pieces, Sauk City: Arkham House, 1966, p. 320; Sonia H.Davis The Private Life of Howard Phillips Lovecraft,      , . 3.




10


 ..  .,   1937.




11


Sonia .Davis Memories of Lovecraft  The Arkham Collector, I, 4 (Winter, 1969), p. 117; W.Paul Cook In Memoriam: Howard Phillips Lovecraft (Recollections, Appreciations, Estimates), , 1941, p. 10.




12


 .. X.., 15  1935.; Marc Slonim European Notebook  New York Times Book Review, 17 May 1970; Arthur S.Koki .P.Lovecraft: An Introduction to his Life and Writings,  , Columbia University, 1962, pp. If; Dorothy C.Walter Three Hours with H.P.Lovecraft  H.P.Lovecraft and Divers Hands The Shuttered Room and Other Pieces, Sauk City: Arkham House, 1959, p. 179.




13


James F.Morton  Few Memories  The Olympian, No. 35 (Fall, 1940), p. 26.




14


Steve Eisner (ed.) Howard Phillips Lovecraft Memorial Symposium, University of Detroit Quarterly, VIII, 3,1958, p. 3;         , ,  -, 2  1952.




15


 ..  , 25  1915.; .., 10  1923.    .P.Lovecraft Selected Letters, I, II, III, Sauk City: Arkham House, 1965,68,71       Reinhardt  Rheinhart.




16


 .. .., 1  1923.; Sonia .Davis .P.Lovecraft as his Wife Remembers Him  Books at Brown, XI, 1 & 2 (Feb. 1949), p. 10.




17


 .. ., 10  1927.; Sonia .Davis,  .




18


 .. .X., 13  1935.; .., 17  1930.




19


 .. .., 16  1926.; ., 11  1931.; ..,   1937.




20


 ,   .




21


Jas. Wade    .P.Lovecraft Selected Letters, III, Sauk City: Arkham House, 1971  Meade Frierson III (ed.) Howard Phillips Lovecraft, Birmingham, Ala.: , 1972, p. 52.




22


George Julian Houtain,    The Zenith, Jan. 1921, p. 3.




23


   ,   (   ,      )        ;  ,    roddich Eylandken,   ,        . (       (15671627)     . ..)




24


  (16031684) - ,     ,   ;  (    )     ,           (16241691),      . (..)




25


 .. .., 24  1931.




26


Gertrude Selwyn Kimball Providence in Colonial Times, Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co., 1912, pp. 307f.




27


Stephen Birmingham The Late John Marquand, Phila.: J.B.Lippincott Co., 1972, p. 74.




28


John P.Marquand The Late George Apley (A Novel in the Form of a Memoir), Boston: Little, Brown & Co., 1936, pp. 10, 15.




29


Stephen Birmingham The Late John Marquand, Phila.: J.B.Lippincott Co., 1972, pp. 19f;   . .., 18  1948.




30


 ..,   ;    ., 5  1972.




31


Barton Levy St.Armand The Outsider in Legend and Myth,  , Brown University, 1966, p. 10; Winfield Townley Scott Exiles and Fabrications, Garden City: Doubleday & Co., Inc., 1961, pp. 54, 68.




32


  ,  ,  18. ( .,  : .. , ., , 1998. . 175.  ..)




33


 .. .X., 30  1892.; 14  1892.; 25  1892.; 30  1892. (   ,  .)      ,   ,     .




34


 .. .., 4  1934.




35


Arthur S.Koki .P.Lovecraft: An Introduction to his Life and Writings,  , Columbia University, 1962, p. 9.    ..      1898.




36


  :     . (..)




37


   ..; David .Keller Shadows Over Lovecraft  Fresco, VIII, 3 (Spring, 1958), p. 24,    .




38


Sonia .Davis Memories of Lovecraft  The Arkham Collector, I, 4 (Winter, 1969), p. 117; .P.Lovecraft as his Wife Remembers Him  Books at Brown, XI, 1 & 2 (Feb. 1949), p. 7.




39


Henry Adams The Education of Henry Adams, An Autobiography, Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co., 1918, pp. 384f.




40


 .. ., 16  1916.




41


 .. .., 4  1934.




42


 .. .., 3  1927.




43


Howard Phillips Lovecraft  Confession of Unfaith  Selected Essays, North Tonawanda, SSR Publications, 1952 (Vol. I of The Lovecraft Collectors Library, ed. by George Wetzel), p. 19;  .. .., 30  1931.




44


Howard Phillips Lovecraft  Confession of Unfaith  Selected Essays, North Tonawanda, SSR Publications, 1952 (Vol. I of The Lovecraft Collectors Library, ed. by George Wetzel), p. 20;      .. .., 3  1924.; ., 20  1929.; .., 30  1931. (       .   ,    ,      ,     , ,   .   ,     ,     ,    . ,  Hesperian     Hyperian   Hyperion, ,      -.   ,        . ..)




45


Wundersucht (.)   . (..)




46


Arthur Machen The Autobiography of Arthur Machen, Lon.: RichardsPr. 1951, p. 28.




47


 .. .., 5  1931.




48


   ,    ,  ,           (18081895).   (,   )  ,   1931.      ;          (17791843)  1814.     ,      , ,       (17501836),    1766.        ,   .        ,        . (..)




49


   ,   s     s (      )   f,         ;         ,        . (..)




50


-  ,   1933.  ,                      .     ,     . (..)




51


 .. .., 3  1927.; Howard Phillips Lovecraft Autobiography: Some Notes on a Nonentity, Sauk City: Arkham House, 1963, p. xi.




52


            ,      -     ,        1706.      .       ,          ;  ,     1692.          (,   , , , , ,   )     ,        ,        . (..)




53


Henry Adams The Education of Henry Adams, An Autobiography, Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co., 1918, p. 11;  .. P.X., 16  1935.; .., 9  1931.; .., 3  1924. (Poemata Minora (.)   .          (   Tryout, V, 4 (Apr. 1919), . 8,       ).       ;       ,  ;    ,  ,   ,  ,  ,   . ..)




54


 .. 3. ., 13  1928.; ., 16  1916.; .,  1  1933.




55


John .Gough Sunlight and Shadow (or Gleanings from My Life Work), Hartford: A.D.Worthington & Co., 1881, pp. 248, 260, 364;  .. 3. ., 13  1928.; .., 10  1931.




56


Howard Phillips Lovecraft Night-Gaunts, 11. 18  Fungi from Yuggoth and Other Poems, N.Y.: Ballantine Books, Inc., 1971, p. 125.




57


 .. ..Mo, 1  1915.; ., 16  1916.




58


W.Paul Cook An Appreciation of H.P.Lovecraft  H.P.Lovecraft Beyond the Wall of Sleep, Sauk City: Arkham House, 1943, p. 428; In Memoriam: Howard Phillips Lovecraft (Recollections, Appreciations, Estimates), , 1941, p. 10;    ., 5  1972.




59


        . (..)




60


.P.Lovecraft and Divers Hands The Shuttered Room and Other Pieces, Sauk City: Arkham House, 1959, pp. 45f;  .. .., 19  1931.




61


Arthur S.Koki .P.Lovecraft: An Introduction to his Life and Writings,  , Columbia University, 1962, p. 8; Clara L.Hess  Providence Journal, 19 Sep. 1948, VI, p. 8, col. 1.




62


Sonia H.Davis Howard Phillips Lovecraft as his Wife Remembers Him  Providence Sunday Journal, 22 Aug. 1948, part VI, p. 8, col. 1; .P.Lovecraft as his Wife Remembers Him  Books at Brown, XI, 1 8c 2 (Feb. 1949), p. 5;  .. .., 4  1935.; .., 5  1935.




63


 .. .,  1933.; .., 23  1933.




64


.. (  ., 16  1916.) :       ,       ,     ,          .  ,     .   (  ) ,         ,  -,     ,        .    .




65


      ..       (1927),      (.    ).  Night-Gaunts ( gaunt  ; , ; , ,    )     -:   (., .),   (.) ,   ,       (..). (..)




66


 .. ..Mo, 1  1915.; W.Paul Cook An Appreciation of H.P.Lovecraft  .P.Lovecraft Beyond the Wall of Sleep, Sauk City: Arkham House, 1943, p. 428;  .. P.X., 10  1934.; ., 24  1936.




67


   , ,       . (..)




68


.P.Lovecraft The Outsider and Others, Sauk City: Arkham House, 1939, p. 217; The Dunwich Horror and Others, Sauk City: Arkham House, 1963, p. 281;  .. .., 22  1932. (    ..    (1933). ..)




69


  facts of life       . (..)




70


 .. .., 3  1927.; .., 4  1934.




71


 .. .., 3  1927.; ., 8  1929.




72


.P.Lovecraft and Divers Hands The Shuttered Room and Other Pieces, Sauk City: Arkham House, 1959, pp. 46f.




73


Ibid., pp. 4852.




74


Ibid., pp. 52f.




75


 .. .., 3  1927.; ..,   1937.; ., 29  1918.; . (  ).




76


 .. P.X., 24  1935.; .., 4  1934.; .,  1  1933.; ., 16  1916.; X.., 4  1935.




77


    ,        (18591930),      . (..)




78


 .. ., 16  1916.; .., 17  1931.; ., 27  1918.  , ,   --,        1921., .  .. ., 11  1921.




79


 .. 3. ., 8  1927.; .., 3  1924.; .., 16  1935.; .., 5  1931.; ., 16  1916.; Providence Journal, 31 Mar. 1904.




80


Howard Phillips Lovecraft Despair, 11. 18  Fungi from Yuggoth and Other Poems, N.Y.: Ballantine Books, Inc., 1971, p. 80.




81


 .. .., 4  1934.




82


 .. .., 10  1937.   ..  23  1934.  :     ,   ,     . ,   1904 ,      -, 454.




83


 .. .., 17  1930.; ., 16  1916.; Winfield Townley Scott Exiles and Fabrications, Garden City: Doubleday & Co., Inc., 1961, p. 56; Arthur S.Koki .P.Lovecraft: An Introduction to his Life and Writings,  , Columbia University, 1962, p. 20.




84


 .. .., 4  1934.; Arthur S.Koki .P.Lovecraft: An Introduction to his Life and Writings,  , Columbia University, 1962, p. 21.




85


H.P.Lovecraft Marginalia, Sauk City: Arkham House, 1944, pp. 26875.




86


 .. .., 23  1933.; ..,   1937.




87


 .. ., 1  1933.; George Muller The Origins of H.P.Lovecraft's Fiction,      , 1969, pp. 5f.




88


The United Amateur, XVI, 4 (Nov. 1916), pp. 5357; H.P.Lovecraft and Divers Hands The Shuttered Room and Other Pieces, Sauk City: Arkham House, 1959, pp. 5463.     .        .




89


The Scientific American, XCV, 8 (25 Aug. 1906), p. 135;  .. ., 16  1916.; 19  1916.; Kenneth W.Faig, Jr. Howard Phillips Lovecraft: The Early Years, 18901914,      , . 46;  ..  ., 20  1935.




90


 .. ., 21  1918.; .., 5  1931.; .., 19  1920.; W..S.Russell  Seek a Fortune  The Listener, LXXX, 2060 (19 Sep. 1968), p. 365. (    (. 1925)  , , . ..)




91


 .. .., 1  1936.; .., 30  1936., .., 3  1930.; .., 30  1933.; ..,  1935.; .., 22  1933.   ..  7  1921.  ,   , , ,   .




92


Arthur S.Koki .P.Lovecraft: An Introduction to his Life and Writings,  , Columbia University, 1962, p. 21;  .. .., 3  1927. , ,        -.




93


 .. .., 3  1924.; ., 16  1916.


