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   ,    ,       .        ,     .     ,                    ,      .                           .

        .    1940- .  ,    :   ,   ,       .      ,     [5 - Violet Bonham Carter, Winston Churchill: An Intimate Portrait (New York: Harcourt, Brace & World, 1965), 416.],      .     [6 - Isaiah Berlin, Winston Churchill in 1940, in Personal Impressions, 2nd ed. (Princeton, N. J.: Princeton University Press, 2001), 5.],       ,    .  ,    ,  .        .     ,     - [7 - Winston Churchill, Painting as a Pastime (Greensboro, N. C.: Unicorn Press, 2013), 64.].

  XX.               .          :        ,       ,   ,      [8 -  ,  , 3  1939.,  : Hansard, Parliamentary Debates. : Hansard.].           ,    :    ,      [9 - George Orwell, Literature and Totalitarianism, The Listener, 19 June 1941, in The Collected Essays, Journalism and Letters of George Orwell, Volume 2: My Country Right or Left, 19401943, ed. Sonia Orwell and Ian Angus (New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1968), 134. : Orwell, CEJL, vol. 2.].

   ,         ,    ,   ,    ,    ,   ,   ,      ,         .        [10 - .  : John Rodden and John Rossi, The Cambridge Introduction to George Orwell (Cambridge, U. K.: Cambridge University Press, 2012), 105.]    [11 - Simon Schama, The Two Winstons in the BBC television series A History of Britain, Series 3, presented by Simon Schama (2002; A&E Home Video), DVD.].            ,   19201930-     1940- .


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   ,   ,         ,              19361939. .   ,   ,        ,      .          ,         -  18991902.[13 - .: Simon Read, Winston Churchill Reporting: Adventures of a Young War Correspondent (Boston: Da Capo, 2015).]


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       頖   19301940-.             ꠖ               .   ,        ,   ,                    ⠖            ,     ,  ( ) ,    ,         .   :    - ,      ,     [14 - Rodden and Rossi, Cambridge Introduction to George Orwell, 107.].       ,     .       .

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,    ,  ,         .  ,    , ,     .              [17 - Churchill, My Early Life, 31.].     ,     100  ,    , ,      ,      .        ,    [18 - Randolph S. Churchill, Winston S. Churchill: Youth, 18741900 (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1966), 79. . : Martin Gilbert, Churchill: A Life (New York: Henry Holt, 1991), 9.],     . ,    ,    ,       .       [19 - R.Churchill, Winston S. Churchill: Youth, 119.],  ,  ,     30     :    11:07  -,      11:37.   :  -   .     .    .

    .   , , ,   -,      ,    .   ,    19 [20 - William Manchester, The Last Lion: Visions of Glory, 18741932 (New York: Bantam, 1984), 137.].  ,   ,   ,    ,      .   [21 - Roy Jenkins, Churchill (New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2001), 8.],    ,    .

    ,   ,      ,        ,    [22 -     New America Foundation, ,  , 5  2014.].  ,             ,    ,    [23 - Michael Shelden, Young Titan: The Making of Winston Churchill (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2013), 34.].     ,  ,       ,   .  ,   ,    ,     .     ,  , :           [24 - Paul Johnson, Churchill (New York: Penguin, 2010), 7.].

         ,  .        :     . Entre nous[25 -   (.). . .],     ,    [26 - R. Churchill, Winston S. Churchill: Youth, 99.].

  ,   ,        .      [27 - Churchill, My Early Life, 12.],  .          ,  , ,   -    ,     ,   蠖 , ,  ,   ,  ,    [28 -  , 13.].    ,    ,     [29 - R. Churchill, Winston S. Churchill: Youth, 63.].

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    .   ,    ,      ,      . ,   ,  1896.,    [42 - Churchill, My Early Life, 109.]     , , , ,   [43 - Jonathan Rose, The Literary Churchill (New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 2015), 24.].

            .      ,   .     ,  ,    ,   ,         ,   [44 - Churchill, My Early Life, 111.].         .  ,         ,     :        ,      ;               [45 - Edward Gibbon, The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, vol. III, ed. J. B. Bury (New York: Heritage Press, 1946), 2042.].             1898.:        ,      ,           ,            70      ,    [46 - Churchill, My Early Life, 186.].      25              [47 - Con Coughlin, Churchills First War: Young Winston at War with the Afghans (New York: St. Martins, 2014), 112.].

   :  ࠖ   [48 - George Orwell, Why I Write, reprinted in Orwell and Politics, ed. Peter Davison (Harmondsworth, U. K.: Penguin Books Limited, 2001), 463.].      ,    ,      .    ,  ,   ,  .    ,     .          ,      蠖   ,      [49 - Moran, Churchill, 9.],        .

  :        ,   ,     .    , ,     ,    (    ),        [50 - Isaiah Berlin, Winston Churchill in 1940, in The Proper Study of Mankind: An Anthology of Essays (London: Pimlico, 1998), 6.].      .   , ,  ,  , ,   ,  ,       [51 - John Howard Wilson, Not a Man for Whom I Ever Had Esteem: Evelyn Waugh on Winston Churchill, in Waugh Without End: New Trends in Evelyn Waugh Studies, ed. Carlos Villar Flor and Robert Murray Davis (Bern, Switzerland: Peter Lang, 2005), 251.].

  ,             . ,   ,   ,         ,  , ,   .  1903.         , ,  ,      ,      蠖     ,     [52 - Ethel Barrymore, Memories (New York: Harper, 1955), 126.].  12            .   ,     ,  ,            ,                .   ,  ,  ,     [53 - Violet Bonham Carter, Champion Redoubtable (London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1999), 21.].

    ,    ,    19- ,        , ,       ,           [54 - Violet Bonham Carter, Winston Churchill: An Intimate Portrait (New York: Harcourt, Brace & World, 1965), 4.]. , ,   ,      ,  ,   ,     ,      .    ,  , ,     80 ,    ,             [55 - Moran, Churchill, 559; Rose, The Literary Churchill, 132.].     ,         ,       [56 - R. W. Thompson, Churchill and Morton (London: Hodder & Stoughton, 1976), 71.].

  ,   ,       .   ,  ,    ,  ,  ,      ,          [57 - Bonham Carter, Winston Churchill, 383.].  ,   ,   ,    ,     [58 - Moran, Churchill, 32435.].

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      ,    ,      ,         ,   ,      .     ,      ,         .        [63 - R. Churchill, Winston S. Churchill: Youth, 342, 35354.]       .      ,    :     [64 - Ralph Martin, Jennie: The Life of Lady Randolph Churchill, vol. 2 (Englewood Cliffs, N. J.: Prentice-Hall, 1971), 12526, 130.],   ,       .

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     ,   ,        .       1900.,     .       ,      -,  20       16   [74 - R. Churchill, Winston Churchill: Youth, 514.].         仠  ,                 .

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   .     ,      ,         ,      .   1908.,     33 , . .  ( ),      -,      .   VII         ,      ,   [76 - John Ramsden, Man of the Century: Winston Churchill and His Legend Since 1945 (New York: Columbia University Press, 2002), 39.].

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,  .   ,  [78 - Bonham Carter, Winston Churchill, 210.].         .

       .    ,      [79 - Jenkins, Churchill, 133.],    ,   19301940- .     .      ,    [80 - Boris Johnson, The Churchill Factor: How One Man Made History (New York: Riverhead, 2014), 118.],      .

        .    , ,      . ,  ,            :  ,        .      ,  .          ,       ,    ,  ,     .     :  ,       ,  ,         [81 - Mary Soames, ed., Winston and Clementine: The Personal Letters of the Churchills (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 2001), 198.].       1908.        . , ,           [82 - Sonia Purnell, Clementine: The Life of Mrs. Winston Churchill (New York: Viking, 2015), 40,  11, 18, 26.].


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  ,    ,   ,            ,   .       .   1917.    ,   ,        .    ,       .              .

   1922.    1923.  .   1924.   ,   ,      .             ,     .         [90 - Martin Gilbert, Winston S. Churchill: The Prophet of Truth, Volume V: 19221939 (London: Minerva, 1990), 41.].           ,     . ,    ,         :   ,   ,   ,    [91 - Mary Lovell, The Churchills in Love and War (New York: W. W. Norton, 2011), 344.].  -    .   ,        ,  ,   ,  [92 - Lord Beaverbrook, Politicians and the War, 19141916 (London: Collins, 1960), 25.].

     1924.,           ,      ,       .       ,        .           1886 .

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 ,        18 ,   , [95 - Gordon Bowker, George Orwell (London: Abacus, 2004), 15.].   ,    .     ,         ,        ;  ,   [96 - . The Brother-in-Law Strikes Back, in Coppard and Crick, Orwell Remembered, 128.].          ,   ,   .

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,       :   ,    [127 - George Orwell, The Road to Wigan Pier (New York: Harvest, 1958), 148.].   ,     ,    ,      .

       ,         .      ,   1928.    .       .   ,     ,        .  .              ,    ,    ,     .    ,         ,  ,     :   ,   ,          [128 - . : Michael Shelden, Orwell: The Authorized Biography (New York: HarperCollins, 1991), 126.].  ,     ,    1928.        .       젖  .

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   ,   ,     ,         .      -   ,    .      , , ,  ,    ,       .  , ,  [129 - Harold Nicolson, The War Years: 19391945 (New York: Atheneum, 1967), 234.],    .   ,      ,   ,     1950- .      ,     1930- .  . . .  .[130 - Stephen Dorril, Black Shirt: Sir Oswald Mosley and British Fascism (Harmondsworth, U. K.: Penguin, 2007), 522. . : Michael Bloch, Closet Queens: Some 20th Century British Politicians (New York: Little, Brown, 2015).]

     .    :  , ,    .  ,   ![131 - Nicolson, The War Years, 57.]         ,    ,       ,  [132 -  , 325.].

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 ,         :       ?[135 - Orwell, Down and Out in Paris and London (New York: Mariner Books, 1972), 120. ( .       / . . . . C.: -, 2003.)]       ,        ,      .        , , ,   ,       ,   ,   ,     20- [136 -  , 14.]:    ,  ,    .      !..          ,      .    ,      [137 -    . :  .       / . . . . .: -, 2003.]. ,   ,    213-      .        ,        1930- .:  , ,   ,       ,       .

  ,           ,    ,         .   ,    -,      .       -,              .    ,       ,      ,        [138 - . A Philosopher in Paris, in Coppard and Crick, Orwell Remembered, 211.  :   ,  1987., ,     -,              .  ,   :  ,  ,   ?      .  :       [ ].       ;       . Ben Rogers, A. J. Ayer: A Life (New York: Grove, 2000), 344.         ,       ,  . Muggeridge, Like It Was: The Diaries of Malcolm Muggeridge, ed, John Bright-Holmes (London: Collins, 1981), 364.]




  .


   .

   ,     (https://www.litres.ru/pages/biblio_book/?art=43687748)  .

      Visa, MasterCard, Maestro,    ,   ,     ,  PayPal, WebMoney, ., QIWI ,       .



notes








1


Martin Gilbert, Churchill and America (New York: Free Press, 2005), 132.




2


. Bullet in the Neck, in Audrey Coppard and Bernard Crick, Orwell Remembered (New York: Facts on File Publications, 1984), 158.




3


    (  ,  ,  ) 14  2015.   ,   (  ,  ,  , ) 15  2015.




4


  ,   , Churchill: Taken from the Diaries of Lord Moran (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1966), 426.




5


Violet Bonham Carter, Winston Churchill: An Intimate Portrait (New York: Harcourt, Brace & World, 1965), 416.




6


Isaiah Berlin, Winston Churchill in 1940, in Personal Impressions, 2nd ed. (Princeton, N. J.: Princeton University Press, 2001), 5.




7


Winston Churchill, Painting as a Pastime (Greensboro, N. C.: Unicorn Press, 2013), 64.




8


 ,  , 3  1939.,  : Hansard, Parliamentary Debates. : Hansard.




9


George Orwell, Literature and Totalitarianism, The Listener, 19 June 1941, in The Collected Essays, Journalism and Letters of George Orwell, Volume 2: My Country Right or Left, 19401943, ed. Sonia Orwell and Ian Angus (New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1968), 134. : Orwell, CEJL, vol. 2.




10


.  : John Rodden and John Rossi, The Cambridge Introduction to George Orwell (Cambridge, U. K.: Cambridge University Press, 2012), 105.




11


Simon Schama, The Two Winstons in the BBC television series A History of Britain, Series 3, presented by Simon Schama (2002; A&E Home Video), DVD.




12


Roy Jenkins, Churchill (New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2001), 849.




13


.: Simon Read, Winston Churchill Reporting: Adventures of a Young War Correspondent (Boston: Da Capo, 2015).




14


Rodden and Rossi, Cambridge Introduction to George Orwell, 107.




15


Winston Churchill, My Early Life: 18741904 (New York: Touchstone, 1996), 8.




16


Peregrine Churchill and Julian Mitchell, Jennie: Lady Randolph Churchill, a Portrait with Letters (New York: Ballantine, 1976), 12829.




17


Churchill, My Early Life, 31.




18


Randolph S. Churchill, Winston S. Churchill: Youth, 18741900 (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1966), 79. . : Martin Gilbert, Churchill: A Life (New York: Henry Holt, 1991), 9.




19


R.Churchill, Winston S. Churchill: Youth, 119.




20


William Manchester, The Last Lion: Visions of Glory, 18741932 (New York: Bantam, 1984), 137.




21


Roy Jenkins, Churchill (New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2001), 8.




22


    New America Foundation, ,  , 5  2014.




23


Michael Shelden, Young Titan: The Making of Winston Churchill (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2013), 34.




24


Paul Johnson, Churchill (New York: Penguin, 2010), 7.




25


  (.). . .




26


R. Churchill, Winston S. Churchill: Youth, 99.




27


Churchill, My Early Life, 12.




28


 , 13.




29


R. Churchill, Winston S. Churchill: Youth, 63.




30


 , 109.




31


Churchill, My Early Life, 17.




32


David Freeman, Putting Canards to Rest, Finest Hour: The Journal of Winston Churchill (Downers Grove, Il.: The Churchill Centre, Spring 2010): 38.




33


Churchill, My Early Life, 39.




34


 , 25.




35


 , 35.




36


 .




37


R. Churchill, Winston S. Churchill: Youth, 18889.




38


 , 191.




39


 , 202.




40


Sir Charles Wilson, later Lord Moran, Churchill: Taken from the Diaries of Lord Moran (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1966), 281.




41


Winston S. Churchill, Painting as a Pastime (Greensboro, N. C.: Unicorn Press, 2013), 20.




42


Churchill, My Early Life, 109.




43


Jonathan Rose, The Literary Churchill (New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 2015), 24.




44


Churchill, My Early Life, 111.




45


Edward Gibbon, The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, vol. III, ed. J. B. Bury (New York: Heritage Press, 1946), 2042.




46


Churchill, My Early Life, 186.




47


Con Coughlin, Churchills First War: Young Winston at War with the Afghans (New York: St. Martins, 2014), 112.




48


George Orwell, Why I Write, reprinted in Orwell and Politics, ed. Peter Davison (Harmondsworth, U. K.: Penguin Books Limited, 2001), 463.




49


Moran, Churchill, 9.




50


Isaiah Berlin, Winston Churchill in 1940, in The Proper Study of Mankind: An Anthology of Essays (London: Pimlico, 1998), 6.




51


John Howard Wilson, Not a Man for Whom I Ever Had Esteem: Evelyn Waugh on Winston Churchill, in Waugh Without End: New Trends in Evelyn Waugh Studies, ed. Carlos Villar Flor and Robert Murray Davis (Bern, Switzerland: Peter Lang, 2005), 251.




52


Ethel Barrymore, Memories (New York: Harper, 1955), 126.




53


Violet Bonham Carter, Champion Redoubtable (London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1999), 21.




54


Violet Bonham Carter, Winston Churchill: An Intimate Portrait (New York: Harcourt, Brace & World, 1965), 4.




55


Moran, Churchill, 559; Rose, The Literary Churchill, 132.




56


R. W. Thompson, Churchill and Morton (London: Hodder & Stoughton, 1976), 71.




57


Bonham Carter, Winston Churchill, 383.




58


Moran, Churchill, 32435.




59


Churchill, My Early Life, 212.




60


 .




61


Winston Churchill, The Story of the Malakand Field Force (Mineola, N. Y.: Dover, 2010), 131.




62


Coughlin, Churchills First War, 204.




63


R. Churchill, Winston S. Churchill: Youth, 342, 35354.




64


Ralph Martin, Jennie: The Life of Lady Randolph Churchill, vol. 2 (Englewood Cliffs, N. J.: Prentice-Hall, 1971), 12526, 130.




65


Churchill, The Story of the Malakand Field Force, 29.




66


 , 128.




67


R. Churchill, Winston S. Churchill: Youth, 365.




68


Simon Read, Winston Churchill Reporting (Boston: Da Capo, 2015), 90.




69


Churchill, Winston S. Churchill: Youth, 439.




70


Churchill, My Early Life, 244.




71


 , 259.




72


 , 274.




73


 , 298.




74


R. Churchill, Winston Churchill: Youth, 514.




75


Bonham Carter, Winston Churchill, 6.




76


John Ramsden, Man of the Century: Winston Churchill and His Legend Since 1945 (New York: Columbia University Press, 2002), 39.




77


Violet Bonham Carter, Lantern Slides: The Diaries and Letters of Violet Bonham Carter, ed. Mark Bonham Carter and Mark Pottle (London: Phoenix, 1997), 162.




78


Bonham Carter, Winston Churchill, 210.




79


Jenkins, Churchill, 133.




80


Boris Johnson, The Churchill Factor: How One Man Made History (New York: Riverhead, 2014), 118.




81


Mary Soames, ed., Winston and Clementine: The Personal Letters of the Churchills (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 2001), 198.




82


Sonia Purnell, Clementine: The Life of Mrs. Winston Churchill (New York: Viking, 2015), 40,  11, 18, 26.




83


Churchill, Painting as a Pastime, 36.




84


Soames, Winston and Clementine, 116.




85


      9  2016.  ,      (Peter Apps, Churchill in the Trenches, Amazon, 2015).




86


Soames, Winston and Clementine, 164, 177.




87


 .




88


 , 195.        .




89


Christopher Ogden, Life of the Party: The Biography of Pamela Digby Churchill Hayward Harriman (New York: Little, Brown, 1994), 121.




90


Martin Gilbert, Winston S. Churchill: The Prophet of Truth, Volume V: 19221939 (London: Minerva, 1990), 41.




91


Mary Lovell, The Churchills in Love and War (New York: W. W. Norton, 2011), 344.




92


Lord Beaverbrook, Politicians and the War, 19141916 (London: Collins, 1960), 25.




93


  : Sarah Deming, The Economic Importance of Indian Opium and Trade with China on Britains Economy, 18431890, Whitman College, Economics Working Papers 25, Spring 2011, 4.




94


. Mrs. Ida Blairs Diary for 1905, in Audrey Coppard and Bernard Crick, Orwell Remembered (New York: Facts on File Publications, 1984), 19.




95


Gordon Bowker, George Orwell (London: Abacus, 2004), 15.




96


. The Brother-in-Law Strikes Back, in Coppard and Crick, Orwell Remembered, 128.




97


George Orwell, Why I Write, in, Orwell and Politics, ed. Peter Davison (Harmondsworth, U. K.: Penguin, 2001), 457.




98


George Orwell, Such, Such Were the Joys, in The Collected Essays, Journalism and Letters of George Orwell, Volume 4: In Front of Your Nose, 19451950, ed. Sonia Orwell and Ian Angus (New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1968), 360. : Orwell, CEJL, vol. 4.




99


 , 359.




100


 , 333, 334.




101


 , 339.




102


 , 362.




103


Bowker, George Orwell, 9192.




104


George Orwell, The Collected Essays, Journalism and Letters of George Orwell, Volume 1: An Age Like This, 19201940, ed. Sonia Orwell and Ian Angus (New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1968), 45. : Orwell, CEJL, vol. 1.




105


. :  . . . . : , 1992.




106


Orwell, CEJL, vol. 4, 114.




107


George Orwell, Shooting an Elephant, in Orwell and Politics, 18.




108


. . .




109


George Orwell, Burmese Days (New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1974), 1617. ( .    / . . . . .: -, 2002.)




110


 , 17.




111


 .




112


   . :  .    / . . . . .: -, 2002.




113


 , 2223.




114


 , 29.




115


 , 208.




116


 , 39.




117


 , 43.




118


 , 40.




119


Orwell, Why I Write, in Orwell and Politics, 459.




120


Orwell, Burmese Days, 12.




121


 , 118.




122


 , 280.




123


Orwell, CEJL, vol. 1, 142.




124


Orwell, Shooting an Elephant, in Orwell and Politics, 22.




125


. The Brother-in-Law Strikes Back, in Coppard and Crick, Orwell Remembered, 127.




126


. An Old Burma Hand, in Coppard and Crick, Orwell Remembered, 64. . : Emma Larkin, Finding George Orwell in Burma (New York: Penguin, 2005), 249.




127


George Orwell, The Road to Wigan Pier (New York: Harvest, 1958), 148.




128


. : Michael Shelden, Orwell: The Authorized Biography (New York: HarperCollins, 1991), 126.




129


Harold Nicolson, The War Years: 19391945 (New York: Atheneum, 1967), 234.




130


Stephen Dorril, Black Shirt: Sir Oswald Mosley and British Fascism (Harmondsworth, U. K.: Penguin, 2007), 522. . : Michael Bloch, Closet Queens: Some 20th Century British Politicians (New York: Little, Brown, 2015).




131


Nicolson, The War Years, 57.




132


 , 325.




133


,  (.) . .




134


 , 433, 435.




135


Orwell, Down and Out in Paris and London (New York: Mariner Books, 1972), 120. ( .       / . . . . C.: -, 2003.)




136


 , 14.




137


   . :  .       / . . . . .: -, 2003.




138


. A Philosopher in Paris, in Coppard and Crick, Orwell Remembered, 211.  :   ,  1987., ,     -,              .  ,   :  ,  ,   ?      .  :       [ ].       ;       . Ben Rogers, A. J. Ayer: A Life (New York: Grove, 2000), 344.         ,       ,  . Muggeridge, Like It Was: The Diaries of Malcolm Muggeridge, ed, John Bright-Holmes (London: Collins, 1981), 364.


