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    1999    ,             Corriere della Sera,        .      ,  ,        ,      ,   ,  ,     ,    ,       .  ,                   .    ,           :      ,       .                    (la classe padronale),       ,      [1 - Ernesto Galli della Loggia, Quando i ceti medi bocciano la sinistra, Corriere della Sera, 4  1999. P. 1.].               ,    .

   ,    ,    ,          ,    .   1970-     70%   ,         [2 - Annie Kriegel, The French Communists: Pro? le of a People, trans. Elaine P. Halperin (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1994), P. 6164.].  ,                      .     ,           .    1990-                     [3 - Annie Kriegel, Sur lantifascisme, Commentaire. Vol. 12 (summer 1990). P. 299. .   , Ce que jai cru comprendre (Paris: Robert Laffont, 1991),     ,         .].       ,     ,        ,      .

   ,    .           ,        ,          .  1990-       ,      ,   Le Monde Diplomatique.

     ,   ,        ,          .             .        ,          .                ,       ,        ,     [4 - Pierre Bordieu, Pour un mouvement europen, Le Monde Diplomatique, 2  1999. P. 16.].   ,           58%.            ,            -.       21  2003    .  -  ,   ,    ,   ,     ,   3%      .       ,             ,          -[5 - .: Marie-Claire Lavabie, Fran?ois Platone F. Que reste-il du PCF? (Paris: Editions Autrement, 2003). P. 6673; : Bernard Dolez, Annie Laurent, Marches et marges de la gauche : Pascal Perrineau, Colette Ysmal, Le vote de tons les refus (Paris: Presses de Sciences-Po, 2003).].

                .           ,         ,        .           , ,     ,      ,              .         ,                       .

             .      ,       , , ,      ,       , ,        ,           ,         . ,   ,            ,           [6 - .: Novak M. The Spirit of Democratic Capitalism (New York: Simon and Schuster, 1982); George Gilder, The Spirit of Enterprise (New York: Simon and Schuster, 1984) [. .:  .   . :  , 1997]; : Fukuyama F. The End of History? National Interest. Vol. 16 (summer 1989). P. 46. [. .:  .  ? //  . 1990. 3].].

      , ,   ,     .       .            ,        .       12  1997    ,  27  2000    .     -,   ,    ,   ,     ,             .  ,                 ,         . ,       , -          [7 - Le Monde, 14  1997. P. 8.      . : Svillia J. Le terrorisme intellectuel: De 1945 a nos jours. (Paris: Perrin, 2000), P. 202204.]. , ,           ,       ,     .

                         .               ,     .   -    ,   ,        ,     .            ,        1938  [    ]      [ 1943 ][8 -       .: Il Mattino, 17  2000. P. 17.].         ,        ,            [9 -  ,      1938        , .: Lon Poliakov, Gli ebrei sotto loccupazione italiana (Milan: Comunit, 1956); Meir Michaelis, Mussolini and the Jews (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1978); : Renzo De Felice, Storia degli ebrei sotto il fascismo (Turin: Einaudi, 1977).].        1930-  ,        ,        1943 .  ,     ,         .  ,        ,                     ,      .

             ,   1990-         .        ,   ,            .        19751987     1995 ,    ,           ,   .            ,              .  ,     ,     ,         -.            ,       [10 -      .   Junge Freiheit, 13   27  2001.].

        ,       ,   .  ,    ,         ,      1960-       ,    .         ,         .  1991                1953     ,       (-)        .            ,             .  ,      113,    ,       [],   [11 - Liberation, 11  1997. P. 14; Svillia J., Le terrorisme. P. 204205.].      ,         ,                    .

         ,        , ,                [12 - Maurice Druon, La France aux ordres dun cadavre (Paris: Fallois/Rocher, 2001).].  ,      -,     .       ,   ,    ,      .        ,             .

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       ,          ,     ,      ,           .  ,  ,  ,        ,         [16 - Patrick J. Buchanan, The Death of the West (New York: St. Martins Press, 2002), P. 7892. [ .  . .: , 2007. . 130134].].           1950         .     -         .  ,   1930-      ,              .     ,                 .       ,     , ,   .        , ,    ,    .

            , ,        ,    .          ,      .     ,    ,         ,     -.                         .           ,        .  ,     ,     1956     ,       ,        [17 -     ,    , .: Eliseo Vivas, Contra Marcuse (New Rochelle: Arlington House, 1974).].    -        .        ,     , ,   ,       .

 ,       ,       .         ,      .  ,         ,   ,      . ,    ,       ,      ,           - .      ,            . ,   ,   ,   ,       , ,               .            ,    .      ,   ,    ,      .    ,           ,          ,   .           ,    ,    ,     .    ,     ,        ,       .           ,    ,     ,      [18 -  .  (John S. Spong)     ()  ( -)  1976  2001.,    .        ( ),            .       ,    . .].

    ,         ,    - .         ,  ,        . ,              ,       .    ,     ,     Commentary,  ,     .   ,      .       .         , ,    ,    ,        .   ,        , ,         ,   ,         .  1955     -              [19 - Christopher Lasch, The True and Only Heaven: Progress and Its Critics (New York: Norton, 1991), P. 457461; Paul Gottfried, After Liberalism: Mass Democracy in the Managerial State (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1999), P. 72109.            American Sociological Review. Vol. 24 (1959). P. 482501.].    ,      ,           .           ,                .

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 ,         .  ,           ,    .      ,    ,         .              ,      . ,    ,   -   ,       ,      .   ,           ,        ,     .

        ,       ,     ,     .  ,          ,   ,     ,           .     ,           .   ,               ,              . ,   ,     ,    :            -,          ,    ,    ,    ,     [21 - ., , Ray Honeyford, The Commission for Racial Equality: British Bureaucracy and the Multiethnic Society (New Brunswick, N.J.: Transaction Publishers, 1998),  P. 5191; John Laughland, The Tainted Source: The Undemocratic Origins of the European Idea. (London: Trafalgar Square, 2000); Eric Werner (with Jan Marejko), Lapr?s-dmocratie (Lausanne, Switzerland: LAge dHomme, 2001);       Multiculturalism and the Politics of Guilt : Catholica. Vol. 78 (winter 20022003). P. 116120.].    ,     ,    ,    :              .      ,       ,             .   -              ,  ,     .        1960-  1970-        ,     ,            .

,  ,        .          ,  . ,    ,         ,        ,      .      ,       ,     ,   ,     ,      .       ,     ,  ,       .           ,      ,                 .            ,       .     -  ,        ,    ,                   [22 -        ,    , . : Stphane Courtois, Marc Lazar, Histoire du parti communiste 2d ed. (Paris: Presses Universitaires de France, 2000); Marc Lazar, Le communisme: Une passion fran?aise (Paris: Perrin, 2002);  Michel Dreyfus, Le si?cle des communismes, (Paris: Edition de lAtelier, 2000).].         .       ,            .       ,   ,         .

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         ,             ,       .       ,   .               : , ,     ,   ,            . ,     ,  ,         .   ,        ,    .               [23 - Wattenberg B. The First Universal Nation: Leading Indicators and Ideas about the Surge of America in the 1990s. New York: Free Press, 1991. P. 210213.]. ,      , ,      , ,          .        ,          . -,         ,          ,      ,            ,     .       ,   ,   ,    ,     [24 - Allan Bloom, The Closing of the American Mind (New York: Simon and Schuster, 1987); .       dossier  charge [  (.) .]      : Paul Gottfried, Postmodernism and Academic Discontents, Academic Questions. Vol. 9. Vol. 3 (summer 1996). P. 5867.].

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  2        1960- ,     -    .              ,                           (   ),          . ,      ,        .  ,      ,           [25 - .: Klaus von Beyme, Vom Neomarxismus zum Post-Marxismus, Zeitschrift f?r Politik Vol. 38. Vol. 2 (1991). P. 124;  Klaus von Beyme, ?konomie und Politik im Sozialismus (Munich: Piper Verlag, 1975),  P. 1519.]




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1


Ernesto Galli della Loggia, Quando i ceti medi bocciano la sinistra, Corriere della Sera, 4  1999. P. 1.




2


Annie Kriegel, The French Communists: Pro? le of a People, trans. Elaine P. Halperin (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1994), P. 6164.




3


Annie Kriegel, Sur lantifascisme, Commentaire. Vol. 12 (summer 1990). P. 299. .   , Ce que jai cru comprendre (Paris: Robert Laffont, 1991),     ,         .




4


Pierre Bordieu, Pour un mouvement europen, Le Monde Diplomatique, 2  1999. P. 16.




5


.: Marie-Claire Lavabie, Fran?ois Platone F. Que reste-il du PCF? (Paris: Editions Autrement, 2003). P. 6673; : Bernard Dolez, Annie Laurent, Marches et marges de la gauche : Pascal Perrineau, Colette Ysmal, Le vote de tons les refus (Paris: Presses de Sciences-Po, 2003).




6


.: Novak M. The Spirit of Democratic Capitalism (New York: Simon and Schuster, 1982); George Gilder, The Spirit of Enterprise (New York: Simon and Schuster, 1984) [. .:  .   . :  , 1997]; : Fukuyama F. The End of History? National Interest. Vol. 16 (summer 1989). P. 46. [. .:  .  ? //  . 1990. 3].




7


Le Monde, 14  1997. P. 8.      . : Svillia J. Le terrorisme intellectuel: De 1945 a nos jours. (Paris: Perrin, 2000), P. 202204.




8


      .: Il Mattino, 17  2000. P. 17.




9


 ,      1938        , .: Lon Poliakov, Gli ebrei sotto loccupazione italiana (Milan: Comunit, 1956); Meir Michaelis, Mussolini and the Jews (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1978); : Renzo De Felice, Storia degli ebrei sotto il fascismo (Turin: Einaudi, 1977).




10


     .   Junge Freiheit, 13   27  2001.




11


Liberation, 11  1997. P. 14; Svillia J., Le terrorisme. P. 204205.




12


Maurice Druon, La France aux ordres dun cadavre (Paris: Fallois/Rocher, 2001).




13


 ,   ,  ,        ,      ,      .       ,               .     ,      ,        . .: Gregor Gysi, Ein Blick zur?ck: Ein Schritt nach vorn (Hamburg: Hoffmann und Campe Verlag, 2001).




14


,  (.). . .




15


  -        ,    ,      ,         ,   . . www.klaus.wowereit.de.regierensrichtlinien.htm.




16


Patrick J. Buchanan, The Death of the West (New York: St. Martins Press, 2002), P. 7892. [ .  . .: , 2007. . 130134].




17


    ,    , .: Eliseo Vivas, Contra Marcuse (New Rochelle: Arlington House, 1974).




18


 .  (John S. Spong)     ()  ( -)  1976  2001.,    .        ( ),            .       ,    . .




19


Christopher Lasch, The True and Only Heaven: Progress and Its Critics (New York: Norton, 1991), P. 457461; Paul Gottfried, After Liberalism: Mass Democracy in the Managerial State (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1999), P. 72109.            American Sociological Review. Vol. 24 (1959). P. 482501.




20


            : Irwing Babbitt, Democracy and Leadership (1924; reprint, Indianapolis: Liberty Classics, 1991). .       : Claes Ryn, On American Empire, Orbis. Vol. 47. Vol. 3 (summer 2003). P. 383397.




21


., , Ray Honeyford, The Commission for Racial Equality: British Bureaucracy and the Multiethnic Society (New Brunswick, N.J.: Transaction Publishers, 1998),  P. 5191; John Laughland, The Tainted Source: The Undemocratic Origins of the European Idea. (London: Trafalgar Square, 2000); Eric Werner (with Jan Marejko), Lapr?s-dmocratie (Lausanne, Switzerland: LAge dHomme, 2001);       Multiculturalism and the Politics of Guilt : Catholica. Vol. 78 (winter 20022003). P. 116120.




22


       ,    , . : Stphane Courtois, Marc Lazar, Histoire du parti communiste 2d ed. (Paris: Presses Universitaires de France, 2000); Marc Lazar, Le communisme: Une passion fran?aise (Paris: Perrin, 2002);  Michel Dreyfus, Le si?cle des communismes, (Paris: Edition de lAtelier, 2000).




23


Wattenberg B. The First Universal Nation: Leading Indicators and Ideas about the Surge of America in the 1990s. New York: Free Press, 1991. P. 210213.




24


Allan Bloom, The Closing of the American Mind (New York: Simon and Schuster, 1987); .       dossier  charge [  (.) .]      : Paul Gottfried, Postmodernism and Academic Discontents, Academic Questions. Vol. 9. Vol. 3 (summer 1996). P. 5867.




25


.: Klaus von Beyme, Vom Neomarxismus zum Post-Marxismus, Zeitschrift f?r Politik Vol. 38. Vol. 2 (1991). P. 124;  Klaus von Beyme, ?konomie und Politik im Sozialismus (Munich: Piper Verlag, 1975),  P. 1519.


