Web3.0.  I.   
. 

. 

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       Web 3.0.    ,  ,    ,    :    .  ,      ,      ,      ,   .





Web3.0.

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ISBN978-5-4498-4250-3 (. 1)

ISBN978-5-4498-4251-0

     Ridero




 



 AOL - ,      堫 .  ,   


       : .  (The Power), .  (Viz), .  (Synergis & Menaskop), .  (), .  (Blocksult).    ,    ,    -   (),  ,      ( ,   ).      ,   Web 3.0(堖 W3),        .     . ,    , ,  ,  ࠖ [1 -  Web 3.0  (. ..).]  , ,      :      ,   Web 3.0?     , , ,   ?      , 堖  ?    ,  ,  ,      ,     ,        Web 3.0,  :  p2p     .     -     ,      Menaskop,   堖 menaskop@gmail.com.

ࠖ    :  !




   ?


  ,   - ,  ,     :     1, 젖  ,  ,  .




 


  ,   ( Wiki  ):    (https://calacanis.com/2007/10/03/web-3-0-the-official-definition/). :     (. ࠖ . .)    Web 3.0. Web 3.0     ,      Web 2.0[2 -  䠖     (. ..).] ,   .  Web 2.0    [3 -      (. ..).],  . ,   ,           , ,  ?

 Web 2.0,   digg (https://digg.com/) YouTube,   Web 3.0    .    funnyordie.com (https://www.funnyordie.com/), ,       Web 2.0,     ,      

Web 3.0  ,        Web 2.0:   ,     ().   .

    ,  . [4 -     https://novaspivack.typepad.com/nova_spivacks_weblog/2007/10/web-30the-a.html (https://novaspivack.typepad.com/nova_spivacks_weblog/2007/10/web-30----the-a.html).]  2007 (      3):        Web 3.0        ,    Web 2.0.     ,          (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk%3AWeb_3.0) Web 3.0,  ,        .

Web 3.0,  ,      [5 - ,   . '     䠖 20102020 (. ..),         : 19902000, 20002010, 20102020..]  (20092019),        .     RDF    .  Web 3.0    (       ),       .

Web 3.0 ,         (Web 2.0   AJAX,      ). Web 3.0    ,  Radar Networks (  Twine),    [6 -   :     2008,     2009-,   (https://www.blockchain.com/btc/address/1A1zP1eP5QGefi2DMPTfTL5SLmv7DivfNa)  .]  2009.

  Web 3.0,       ? -,  ,     [7 -     co-opted ( (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Co-option)),          -   , ,   ,  ,   (. ..).]       -    .         ,   -    .     ,    ,     , :          ?.

,  1012       ,     ,    




 


/Р    /   

Ѡ  /  

Π  

SaO   ()

W3 Web3.0







    ,     ,       , 頖   ,   :      .   .

   ,   ( 堖  )  :       ,      .  ( )      :          wikipedia.org.




Web 3.0: 





 


Web 3.0 ,        .

. 

!    [8 -       VIZ (https://viz.world/@on1x/).],      -.    ,   , ,   ,  ( )  ,    ,   . , , ,   ,  () ,  ,  ,   ,  ,  ,       .  2016    -:  .

,  -     . Ƞ :       ,      . ,   Web 3.0 , ,     ,  . ,    ,     (,  ).

   !




  


 ?!

 ,   !

 养



,      dial-up-[9 -      ,   ,      ,      ,   ,  (...).].    ?    .   (   ), html-,   ,   , js-,       ,   ,   . CGI (https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/CGI)-     KOI8-R (https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/KOI8).

 Web 1.0Web 2.0 .   Perl  PHP,   ,  ,  ,     (, PHP-Nuke (https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/PHP-Nuke)!). -  ,     PHP MySQL (   cPanel (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CPanel)). Flash-, ActionScript  .

   Web2.0 (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_2.0)   .     ,   렖    .   .   .   .  ,    AJAX (https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/AJAX),    JQuery       ,  ,   ?      ?      YouTube?     ICQ Jabber,  Skype?  -,    MOBA (https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/MOBA),  ?

    :       .   . -   , -    .         -  .      .     LinkedIn Microsoft.      (   ,  ).    ⠖ .      ( TL;DR (https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/TL;DR),       - (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clickbait)).     YouTube,         .

WebSocket (https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/WebSocket) WebAssembly (https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/WebAssembly)        .    :    ,      (https://www.perficientdigital.com/insights/our-research/mobile-vs-desktop-usage-study). 蠖 VR/AR-,  ,          (https://youtu.be/Is8eXZco46Q).

   :      (Flash   Canvas HTML5),  (noSQL (https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/NoSQL)      ),    (   򠅠     ).        [10 -  堖  2.0,          (...).]. Ƞ:    .




  Web3.0?


   ,    Web 3.0,   :    ,    ,      .   ,  ,   .     ,  [11 -  ,  ,     (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dot-com_bubble),  ! (...).] Amazon, eBay, Facebook, Alphabet ( Google)?    ,   ,      . ,   ,       : Web3.0   ,         .    Web 3.0 (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schr%C3%B6dinger%27s_cat). ,  Web 3.0,  ,  .      .         ,       ,   蠖   .




 Web3.0



Ѡ          ,    .        .          ,     (,       , DLT (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distributed_ledger)[12 -    (. .) DLT blockchain ,  .]).  㠖      .   ,         (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crowdfunding)[13 -    : - ico 20132018. (https://itsynergis.ru/assets/docs/ico-report-first-half-2018.pdf) ,       20%,   ,      .].    DLT   .     IT-    .

,  ,          .         .      .  [14 - , ,    Synergis 2018 https://itsynergis.ru/assets/docs/meta_analysis_menaskop_synergis_2018.pdf (https://itsynergis.ru/assets/docs/meta_analysis_menaskop_synergis_2018.pdf) 2019 https://itsynergis.ru/assets/docs/blockchain_cryptocurrency_guidebook_2019.pdf (https://itsynergis.ru/assets/docs/blockchain_cryptocurrency_guidebook_2019.pdf) .] !

.   .  [15 - .      (..).]  .     (-).

 ,    ,       .     ,  -,   .   ?   :

 ?   -,            .         [16 -  頖 https://unstoppabledomains.com (https://unstoppabledomains.com/).   Aeternity, Ethreum, Zilliqa, Namecoin, Emercoin .] !

  (SSL)?  ! [17 -   -W3- (..).]        .    DLT,   [18 -     https://cyb.ai (https://cyb.ai/).]        ?

 ,   ,   ,    .

  -   , ,   ,   ,     VAT (   ,      ).

   (!)    ,       .

   



,     ,      () .   .   ⠖   ,       .     : ,     ;   蠖  .

 2019       - (interoperability). Ѡ HTLC (Hash Time Locked Contract (https://en.bitcoin.it/wiki/Hash_Time_Locked_Contracts))    : ILP (Interledger Protocol (https://interledger.org/))  IBC (Inter-Blockchain Communication (https://cosmos.network/docs/spec/ibc/)).      [19 -     ,     , ,   (. .),    .] -.

  Web 3.0 ,   ,  ,     [20 -         .].  -      [21 -  堖  ,      (...).] ,      .

   .     .     ?[22 - ߠ  (..).]     ,      (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_pill_and_blue_pill).      :  ,  ,  ,  .     ? . ?

,       .    ,  ,      (, gaia blockstack (https://github.com/blockstack/gaia)),     , ,       ( Brave).   -,        [23 -      IEOBTT (https://www.bittorrent.com/btt/) (...).] !



***

   .        .    mass adoption.

      [24 - Π      (...).],     .       ,      (Chrome, Firefox, Opera).    World Wide Web Consortium (W3C (https://www.w3.org/))        ,        Web3.0-[25 -      CYB, Beaker  ,    (...).].

   ,    :   ,  js-    (Metamask (https://metamask.io/)  web-)   -,    (Scatter (https://get-scatter.com/)).        (Brave, Puma (https://www.pumabrowser.com/), CYB).         ,   (AppStore  iOS, PlayMarket  Android). ,   Gab (https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gab)        (,  ,      ).  ,  ,   Apple Google. Π      ?[26 - 頖     (...).]

 ,    ,    -,      - (PWA (https://habr.com/ru/post/418923/)).      .     PWA  -  (  ).

Web 3.0  .    ?   ?      ?          ?

   .   . .




   



      ,   .     Web 3.0, ,  ,   -  .




DNS 


   -  ICANN (https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/ICANN). Ƞ    .  ,  ,  -,  DNS-[27 -     蠖 https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Namecoin (https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Namecoin) (..).] ,     .

ICANN 20       .   ,       .  ,  ,   ,  ICANN.    -, , eosdns.x (https://bloks.io/account/eosdns.x) EOS  https://unstoppabledomains.com/ (https://unstoppabledomains.com/) Zilliqa ( Ethereum),     (ENS (https://ens.domains/),  (https://docs.ens.domains/)).    .      .         SSL- (https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/SSL)(蠖 ).

 ࠖ  https-,    [28 -   . 堹1.] ,     렖  . -      (eosdns Chrome Webstore (https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/eosdns/bapgppgkkohoiadofnmhphkjclmmmiac),  (https://github.com/eoscafe/dns-extension)),  PAC-   . -         electron (,  unstoppable (https://github.com/unstoppabledomains/unstoppable-demo-browser)). Ƞ  ,   .  EOS, ,   ,     [29 - Ƞ EOS (...).],     (    ,    , , eosnameservice.io (https://www.eosnameservice.io/en)).

 ,    ,    ,   .          ,    .   Lets Encrypt (https://letsencrypt.org/ru/) ( [30 - .  https://habr.com/ru/news/t/446398/ (https://habr.com/ru/news/t/446398/).] :    !)    ,     .     .         - .   :

    [31 - /       (...).];

  DNS-  ,     man inthe middle (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Man-in-the-middle_attack) ( : , ,          ,      ,      Lets Encrypt,   ,          .  ,   ,   ,   ,    ,   TXT-   ,     man inthe middle.       ,        );

user   /  -,      ;

    scheme (,      eos://)   https-   ip-.



 :     ?      ICANN  CA (Certification Authority,  Mozilla Foundation (https://ccadb-public.secure.force.com/mozilla/IncludedCACertificateReport))?

,        ,   .   ,       .

P. S.   SSL-   Remme (https://remme.io/) DNSChain (https://n0where.net/blockchain-based-dns-dnschain)(  Namecoin (https://github.com/okTurtles/dnschain/blob/master/docs/setting-up-dnschain-namecoin-powerdns-server.md)).    - peername.com (https://peername.com/).




  -


      ,         . ʠ   - (         )  .

-,     ,   :     ,           ,       (       ,   ,   )     .

 -蠖  ,    , ,  Metamask (https://metamask.io/)  Ethereum  Waves Keeper (https://github.com/wavesplatform/waveskeeper/blob/master/README_ru.md)  Waves.          Electron (https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron),      (, ,  Scatter (https://get-scatter.com/)  EOS).

     :  js-      ,   ,        .     Web-3,       -  ,   .

    ,  ,           Hardware Wallet (Ledger (https://www.ledger.com/)  Trezor (https://trezor.io/)).




 


     p2p-  . -    -  IoT (Internet ofThings (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_of_things)), 5G (https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/5G), mesh- (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesh_networking).     mesh-   - (https://habr.com/ru/post/196562/),  ,   ,   5G,          ,      mesh-.  堖       :  Wi-Fi,   ,        ,    ,    .     ,  ࠖ  .  ,     ICO,     (SmartMesh (https://smartmesh.io/), RightMesh (https://www.rightmesh.io/), AMMBR (https://www.ammbr.com/)). ,   (  )   ,       .




  


  Web 2.0   .  젖 Amazon Web Services (AWS (https://aws.amazon.com/ru/what-is-aws/)):     ,   cloud storage (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cloud_storage). Ƞ Dropbox, iCloud, Google Drive, .      retail- (  ),     SaaS- (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_as_a_service). , S3 AWS (https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon_S3)   CDN   .    ,    (uptime (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uptime))  .         .     - ,    -    . Ƞ   .

IPFS (https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPFS)        (   ).    IPFS,  :   ,   ,     IPFS- ( ,      IPFS  HTTP- HTTPS-).        -  JSON RPC      .

  ࠖ     IPFS-   (   ,  ,   ).   ,       , , FileCoin (https://filecoin.io/) BTFS (https://www.bittorrent.com/btfs/) (    BTT  TRON). ,    ,  ,  , . ,        ,  :      .       ,     .  ,     㠖       ,     ,            (, VAT (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Value-added_tax)  20%[32 - Ѡ      :    , -    -    ;   ,        (   ) .. (...). Ƞ ,    ,   .]).




  


       .      (      ).           .      ,          KYC (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Know_your_customer).

         .        , ,   ,      .

   1  1񻠖    ,      .      ,    .

:   堖  .   0,01          100?   ,         10000!

   ,         ,       ?            [33 -    XVII XIX .,    ,    (...).].        ,         ( )?  ?

      , [34 - ,    SaO  ,   ,   (.  堖 ..).] (  , ,  ).  ,     ,   . Ƞ      .               ( )      :           .

 , ,     ,     .        ,     ,         .

     ,       (  ). ,   KeyBase (https://keybase.io/),    ,   (, , )       .




 


        堖    ?    ,  ?      Hashed Time-Locked Contract (HTLC,      (https://vc.ru/crypto/66308-chto-takoe-atomic-swaps-i-kak-eto-realizovat))  . Ѡ     :

   ?

    ࠖ   ?

       ?  ?[35 -     -   (..).]



 ,   -        . Ƞ      (      (https://en.bitcoinwiki.org/wiki/Oracle)),    (,       ,   custodian-).      : ILP (Interledger Protocol (https://interledger.org/)) IBC (Inter-Blockchain Communication (https://cosmos.network/docs/spec/ibc/)).  ,       [36 -     -    (...).].    ⠖  W3-. Web 2.0      (OAuth (https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/OAuth)), Web 3.0 ,      -.




Codius ,  ?


    Ethereum (https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethereum),  Ripple  Codius (https://codius.org/). Codius    (https://elevenews.com/2019/06/02/stefan-thomas-codius-to-prime-the-ripple-xrp-ecosystem/)   - -   .       [37 -     (..).],    ࠫ.   ,           .

 ,   -     -.   ,    (,  Interledger Protocol (https://interledger.org/))       ,    -.  ?      ,    -,     - (  ⠖     p2p-).

Codius          .  ,     ,   Docker-      .   Codius -   . Ƞ  .

       .   -,   -,   .       ,  ,     -    .    // ( (https://youtu.be/kVpQ2MkfhNM))[38 -    .] .  ,        (  ). Ƞ    ( )   ,     ,   .

         Codius. Smart-contracts    Docker- :      Hot Pocket (GitHub (https://github.com/codetsunami/hotpocket))     -.

  :     (Kubernetes (https://kubernetes.io/) Kata Containers (https://katacontainers.io/)), Web Payments,    Interledger Protocol   - (EOS, ,  ,  - EIDOS (https://blog.coinbase.com/eos-enters-congestion-mode-due-to-eidos-airdrop-3d3f82081074) 2019, Ethereum 2017).  , Codius   (https://coil.com/p/wilsonianb/Codius-Host-2-0-Preview/xj-5cIC4u)       .




W3C: Web Payments Web Authentication


       ,           ,    .       (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Wide_Web_Consortium),  World Wide Web Consortium,  W3C.   W3C    . Google, Mozilla Foundation, Opera    W3C,       ( 460 (https://www.w3.org/Consortium/Member/List)).

     ,  2004    WHATWG (https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/WHATWG) (GitHub (https://github.com/whatwg)),    HTML5 ,  2019    (https://www.w3.org/2019/04/WHATWG-W3C-MOU.html),   .

  Web 3.0   ,  :       ( )? Ƞ  ?

 ,       . Ѡ WebAssembly (https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/WebAssembly)    蠖  ,       .   ,    -  W3C.   ,   :

Ethereum Foundation (ETH);

Brave (BAT);

Ripple (XRP, ILP);

Coil (ILP);

ConsenSys (ETH);

Facebook (Libra).



      ,      . Ƞ    ,  ,  Web Payments (   (https://www.w3.org/blog/wpwg/)) Web Authentication (   (https://www.w3.org/blog/webauthn/)).

 Web Payments   (Payment RequestAPI (https://www.w3.org/TR/payment-request/), Payment Method Identifiers (https://www.w3.org/TR/payment-method-id/), Payment Method: BasicCard (https://www.w3.org/TR/payment-method-basic-card/), Payment HandlerAPI (https://www.w3.org/TR/payment-handler/), Payment Method Manifest (https://www.w3.org/TR/payment-method-manifest/))      (  Google (https://developers.google.com/web/fundamentals/payments/payment-apps-developer-guide/web-payment-apps)).   Chrome Firefox      ,         .           ,   .      Facebook,     ,  ,    [39 - ,    Libra (..).] ( ).  ISO 20022Registration Authority (https://www.iso20022.org/registration_authority.page)     ( ISO 20022 (https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_20022)     ).

-      ,     . , , bithomp.com (https://bithomp.com/)   ,    Ledger (https://www.ledger.com/), Secalot (https://www.secalot.com/) Ellipal (https://www.ellipal.com/).    EOS    Scatter.     Web Payments     ,  ,            .

 Web Authentication (https://www.w3.org/TR/webauthn/)     ( )        (, ,  ),     ( USB, Bluetooth  NFC)[40 -     threatpost.ru (https://threatpost.ru/webauthn-becomes-a-w3c-standart/31468/), hype.ru (https://hype.ru/@id184/chto-takoe-webauthn-i-kak-rabotaet-protokol-j9q0bz4z), habr.ru (https://habr.com/ru/company/1cloud/blog/445534/)  habr.ru (https://habr.com/ru/company/globalsign/blog/358622/).]. Ƞ     (        ),     .      ,     -,       . ,     BiChip (https://www.bichip.store/) (twitter (https://twitter.com/bichipdk)),    RFID/NFC-,  ,  .   ,     (젖 )  ?

 ,   ,  -       .         .




DeFi:  


         ,    (, -, ).        ,   .             .

DeFi      ,     -  .       ,      .

DeFi        -     -,    .    ,      (https://defipulse.com/defi-list),   (https://defipulse.com/).     DeFi:

Decentralized Exchanges (   ,  DEX)    (0x (https://0x.org/why), UniSwap (https://uniswap.io/), Kyber Network (https://kyber.network/), Bancor Network (https://www.bancor.network/), Ren (https://renproject.io/), IDEX (https://idex.market/faq), BitShares (https://bitshares.org/));

Lending and Borrowing ( : MakerDAO (https://makerdao.com/en/), Compound (https://compound.finance/), Dharma (https://www.dharma.io/));

Derivatives, Margin Trading & Prediction Markets ( (https://ridero.ru/link/6SsaQjlduQgt1G),   (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Margin_(finance))   (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prediction_market): Augur (https://www.augur.net/), CDx (https://cdxproject.com/), dYdX (https://dydx.exchange/), bZx (https://bzx.network/), Daxia (https://www.daxia.us/)).



 DeFi   堖       .     DeFi  Ethereum.

      - :           .   ,         .     (https://www.r3.com/customers/)   R3 ( (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R3_(company)))  Hyperledger (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperledger).    :

?  (https://www.r3.com/customers/insurance/).

?  (https://www.r3.com/customers/digital-identity/).

 ?  (https://marketplace.r3.com/solutions/vaultchain).

 ?  (https://marketplace.r3.com/solutions/three-parties-dvp-atomic-tx)!

, ,  ?   (https://www.r3.com/customers/healthcare/).

?  (https://marketplace.r3.com/solutions/voltron).



!        ,   : [41 -  䠖    (..).] .            . Ƞ         ,        .       2019  2020,          .     . ,   ,   .




  


  ,   ,       ,  蠖     .      .      ?

  , , , , ?     .     .    ,  .    ,     .     .  .

-  Web 3.0 ,   . ,    ,   Web 3.0.  -        Ethereum, Cosmos, Waves, BlockStack, Polkadot, IPFS. -    ,          .   FB       .    ,   ,     ? ,  ?

Web 3.0  [42 -  (..).]   .     (  ).    ()  .       (   ,  Mastadon (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mastodon_(software)),     ,     ).

   ,   ,  ,   :    ,   ,  -.    :.

ࠖ   ,        (, , , -   ),  (-, -, -,  젖  )     ( , , 蠖  ,     ,     ).       .

   Web 3.0,  頖   .




 II.  蠖  Web 3.0,  Π  



  蠖 , ecosystem development lead cyber~Congress,    Blocksult  . : @serejandmyself.




 


  .   ,    .   ,  .  ,   .   ,    ( )   .    .   .  ,    ,     .  ?..

Web 3.0,   ,  ,    .    ,  ,   () .   ?   ,  Bitcoin, W3  .     . ,       ,   [43 - 젖  (...).].

   :   W3?   ?    ? ,    .

 : Bitcoin (https://www.bitcoin.com/bitcoin.pdf). Bitcoin      :        .

 Bitcoin  W3? , . Blockchain    Web 3.0. -,    app-2-app. Peer-2-Peer. -2-.     ? ,   ,  Š. Blockchain   ,    :     .  .

     ,       . Ƞ ,  W3    .

  , W3 ,     ,  .     : HTTP, DNS URL,   .

  ?

    .  ,  , , , ,  ,  .. .   .      , ,  .




 


  W3   ,        ()   .       ,   ,     ,       (!)  .

   ,  ,       W3       .

-, Bitcoin    . ,    . ,   :  .   ,   24  7 :   ,      (any other bingo bullshit). Bitcoin      ,    ( ).    .  .   .   .

Polkadot (https://polkadot.network/) Cosmos (https://cosmos.network/) ,     ,  .       -  (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interoperability)  : ,         . ,    ,  . Ƞ   . 堖       .

Polkadot Cosmos ,          ,  ,   .  Bitcoin ,       ,    .

  ,   , IBC Cosmos. IBC[44 - .   (..).] ,     Tendermint (https://tendermint.com/) :    ,       ( ,      IBC        12).

       .      .       ,     ,  ! ,    -  (  ,  ),    :   /     .       ,     :         .      ,       () .

   , , ,   ,  W3: Ethereum2.0 (https://clck.ru/MFQWH), Aeternity (https://aeternity.com/ru/), Cardano (https://www.cardano.org/en/home/), Holochain (https://holochain.org/) .   ,    :  ,    ,   ,     .         (Dapps),          .         .  ,   蠖       ꠖ   (!) .

IOTA (https://www.iota.org/) FOAM (https://foam.space/)      .       . IOTA        , FOAM     , ,  ,    ,  ,  ..

Aragon (https://aragon.org/) ,      (, ,    )  .  ,    -  .     () .         (, , ,  ..         ) .     ,   ,    .

Decentraland (https://decentraland.org/).  .   ,     .     . ,       .     : ,       .   ,   ,   ,    堖  .

IPFS (https://ipfs.io/) Filecoin (https://filecoin.io/). ,     . IPFS ,    ,    ,  . IPFS         . IPFS       (https://habr.com/ru/post/126134/).  ,    ,    . IPFS       ().     -  :     ,    ,   ..

Ѡ , Filecoin ,     IPFS .   .  ,     [45 -          (..).]  . Ѡ    IPFS Filecoin    ,      ,      blockchain.

Cyber (https://github.com/cybercongress)           (https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knowledge_Graph) (  -,   ). Ƞ  .       IPFS-   ,     [46 - .  https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/_ (https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/) (..).] ( ,       ).           .    [47 - Π  蠖   (...).] (     ,   ).

     ,     -.      .     ,  ,         /   ( ,    ,     ,   ,   ..).

  DURA (   ),    URL (    ),      W2-.   DURA :  ,  -  (ICANN).  ,        .   ..  (https://www.litres.ru/vladimir-popov-7629101/blokcheyn-filosofiya-chast-i/chitat-onlayn/) , DURA   ,     .

  .   .    ,  ,    :  Google. Google  , ,  ,   ..   ,     -,     ? . ,  ,     .  ,          !

 ()  ,  -  CID   .   (     ,     ).    (,      )  ,    ,    .      .       ( ,    ).

Cyb (https://cyb.ai/)  - /  . Ѡ ,  .  .  ,      ,  ,   Cyb.    ,      (- ).    ,     : , Cyb    ;   ;    . Ƞ,    DURA,   DNS/HTTP/URL        .

,         . ,  ,  SEO,  ,      .  IPFS, Cyber       .  ,    .   ,  ꠖ  ,     , ,  ..     (    . .).        ,   .        . Ѡ    ,       .

Urbit (https://urbit.org/).      . 򻠖      W3  .   ,  Cyber, IPFS ,    .

Urbit     (!)   .  .    ,  Amazon,         (  CIA   ).      ,        ? .    .  ,     -,        Hoon (https://bitnovosti.com/2016/12/27/can-urbit-reboot-computing/)   .

    ,  ? . ,  .     ,   100  !    ,   .    W3? ,      .




  


      (13,2 ,   ),      7.     ,  ..  .

  .   ,   ,   ,  ,      ,  ,   . .,     ,   ().  -         .

    ,    (, -   ).   .

, ,  W3   ,  - ,  ,  ,        ,   ,?

       ,      ,  W3.   ,  ,       . -,     ,     ,  -  (, ).    .  ,  -  ,  .

  ,    ,   .   蠖     -,    (,    ,   ).  ,     .     .      .       -,    .  ,       : , , Wi-Fi .

  ,      ,    ,  - ,  .     .   ,      .    .   ,  ?  ,      (    ),    ,     [48 -         (..).]      (  ) .

      ,   Wi-Fi,  (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Direction_finding)      ,  ethernet (      ) , ,  ,     ,     ,    ,    (8, 16 . .).         ,       .   , , ,  ..    . ,       ..

 ?

,    .  .     ,   .    ,    (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peer-to-peer)  , , ,     !




,   


  W3  :      . ,       ,      (   ).  ,  ,        .   :      . ,  ,       ( ) .

  .    ,    ,       .   ,        .  .  ,  ,  ,  .     .

 ,    :     ?

,     . -,   .   .  (, ) ,         . Ƞ .  - 堖     . ʠ,       [49 - ,  ,       (...).]. 堖     ,        .  , ,  ,   . ,  ,  510 ,         W3.




 III.   



      .

Menaskop

    Synergis .  (aka Menaskop).



Web 3.0  :  ,     2007,    ,     ,  W3  . Ƞ   ⠖   .       ?

, RDF (Resource Description Framework)     ,  堖 .  (https://ru.bmstu.wiki/RDF_(Resource_Description_Framework)): RDF       (Semantic Web).           ,      . RDF    ,      .

?     ,      : ,         ,  [50 -     https://ru.bmstu.wiki/RDF_(Resource_Description_Framework) (https://ru.bmstu.wiki/RDF_(Resource_Description_Framework))     .     Wiki https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resource_Description_Framework (https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resource_Description_Framework).],    .

   蠖 DAML, OIL OWL.  :       ; 頖   ; 頖  -.       ,    (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ontology_(information_science))           .

OWL (https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_Ontology_Language)     OIL DAML[51 - ,         SPARQL.],     Uniform Resource Identifier,     (https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/URI) ,  OWL      -.

  ,   ,      W3C,       W3  .

      (https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knowledge_Graph),  Google 2012.     堖    (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantic_network),     :

     ,  堖  :    -  ,          ( 堖  )  ,    ,  IoT, AI / big data,   ,         :  蠫[52 -  ⠖ https://habr.com/ru/post/157527/ (https://habr.com/ru/post/157527/).    ?   (https://vc.ru/story/47938-eto-problema-vsey-otrasli-razbor-rassledovaniya-bloomberg-o-kitayskih-shpionskih-chipah).] ,  open source   ,   .

,  ,      ( ,  ,   (!) 䠖 ):     , ꠖ  .     , , ,    1   .

,  ,      [53 -       .  Web 3.0,      https://vc.ru/future/81683-web-3-0-ili-zhizn-bez-saytov (https://vc.ru/future/81683-web-3-0-ili-zhizn-bez-saytov).],      :           ( , , web 1.0).               -.     -, ,  - -堖    ,   ,         ,         ,    . ,             -.



Ƞ ,  ,   , 頖   ,       .

     .




  


    ,   , [54 -     . .   .] ,    -, .

 ,      ,  ,     頖   :   . Ƞ  -     ,     :   ?

Ƞ   ,   ,   ,      ,    ,   .

  Siri   (https://yandex.ru/alice):   ,        . Ƞ堖 .       . .   ,          .

  W3?

      (. ),     ,  ,            ,      (   IoT (https://youtu.be/n6Kl33jtxxk)   30   8  ),  ,     .

     W3  




: - GDPR-


    ,  -   .     ,       ,        GDPR (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation),    (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euler_diagram)   :        ,   99%    堖   ,  .

         .           ,            . [55 -    ,    ,    ,  -      ,     ,      (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Black_Mirror_episodes) ׸ .].

    :

-          (     )       :  ,       ,    .

 ,  -     ( ),     ( DAO  ,  Dapps⠖   ),           ,    (!),          .  !

Ƞ   smart-contract, [56 -      ,  - ( ⠫     )   -   ,      - (..).]     dag- ,     ,      /.



Ƞ  W3 , ,   ,           (  ,     - ).




 Web 3.0: 


,   (). ,    ,    :

  [57 -    . :     :   젖   ,    ;   젖   /   ;   / (  )     js-  ;  젖  : -,  ; -,  ; -,  .    .  ,   ,   ,        :   ? /    /  젖 !   /젖 ,      ,    蠖    (      ).   ,   (. .),     ,       ,   .           (Github   ),  p2p-  TOR  ,    .],     .

 [58 - 堖   . :           .  ( ): ,        ?   :            ,    ,            ,     :       .   =   ,             . ,     : () ,     ,      ( )       ( ).             , ,      .       ,  ,   ,  .              .  () :   -  ,     .      shared key   ,             shared key,       .  shared key    :     ,         . ,   (   . .),    ,    ,        //, , ,   .]        .

,     ,     ,     ?

.

      Web 2.0,    ,      Oauth2.0 (https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/OAuth) .      ,      de facto     ,        .    (頖  ).

 :         apriori.   堖     .

     Web 3.0p2p-   (     (https://www.bittorrent.com/btt/) BitTorent & Tron)    ,  , - .

        , ,   VR/AR-     .   !




   蠖  Web3.0


Dapps ( )   ,  ICO 20162017.,     ?  ,           ?[59 -          - coinmedia (https://coinmedia.ru/vladimir-popov-web-3-0-dapps-i-principy-decentralizacii-anonimnosti-otkrytosti-i-tranzakcionnoj-reputacii/).]

  : , , Facebook & Instagram  .   :   ,  ,     .       .    蠖 .

Ѡdapps  :     ,  ,   decentralized applications .  .

 , W3,      (  blockchain Facebook (https://coinmedia.ru/glava-facebook-mark-cukerberg-vnedrenie-blokchejn-podrazumevaet-bolshe-filosofskih-voprosov-chem-tehnicheskih/)  JP Morgan (https://coinmedia.ru/vysokie-investicionnye-ocenki-kriptokompanij-seli-medvedi/)),               ,    .

,  Menaskop:     Facebook ,  ?   :  /    .     ?     (堖       , FB   ),      .

   (!) :   GDPR (General Data Protection Regulation,    ,  ) Ǡ152 (http://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_61801/)   ,  .  : de facto  :    ,  ,    .      ,     ,  . !

Ƞ     W3:  ,      .

     ,   (SportCoin, Bitradio, Brave),  (Steem, Golos[60 - , , -,    ..], Decent, UOS). ,    :

 /    ;

   (   -);

/  .

 , Menaskop       ,   ,    .  ,  dapps Ethereum , ,    1  ,  EOS  3,  ,  Sia 2. , ,  Ethereum + EOS + Sia    .

      Dapps  :   ?

             , ,   .

   ?

-, 堖  .    ,  [61 -    1,        aka  Firewall   (..).]    . ,  ,     ,    . W3       .

-,       . :

     , :  DAO (   )   ;

   ,      , ;

,    ,      Ѡ   .

Wi-Fi Aware (https://www.wi-fi.org/discover-wi-fi/wi-fi-aware),  5G (https://secretmag.ru/news/eksperty-k-2025-godu-5g-pokroet-dve-treti-zemli-25-11-2019.htm) - ( bluetooth-),    IPFS (https://youtu.be/zcCoWBCiwkI)/Filecoin[62 -   堖    ,  :  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juan_Benet_(computer_scientist) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juan_Benet_(computer_scientist)).] [63 - ,   IPv6 (https://vasexperts.ru/blog/bezopasnost/ipv6-texnologiya-nastoyashhego-ili-budushhego/)   .] ,   :     () 蠖   .

Ƞ  W3    W2,     ,    :     ,  (https://vc.ru/legal/83412-gosduma-podderzhala-zakonoproekt-o-sozdanii-edinoy-bazy-dannyh-rossiyan)      堖  ,     .




 IV. Web 3.0   



     Synergis, , , , ,    Menaskop,  .




 ?


      ,     iTerra. ,   堖      . Ƞ 

 , ,     W3,    2018, ,  ,    ,        .

,  :      䠖     1100100100001111110110,  ..  :  ,     ,    ,      [64 - ,   ,   1012.] .       [65 -  . https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/__ (https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/).]:   ,      (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Functional_programming).

  ?

     ,     -   ,      , ,    ,   ,   (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_design_pattern),     ,          .

   :  .




  .


   .

   ,     (https://www.litres.ru/pages/biblio_book/?art=51616788)  .

      Visa, MasterCard, Maestro,    ,   ,     ,  PayPal, WebMoney, ., QIWI ,       .



notes








1


 Web 3.0  (. ..).




2


 䠖     (. ..).




3


     (. ..).




4


    https://novaspivack.typepad.com/nova_spivacks_weblog/2007/10/web-30the-a.html (https://novaspivack.typepad.com/nova_spivacks_weblog/2007/10/web-30----the-a.html).




5


,   . '     䠖 20102020 (. ..),         : 19902000, 20002010, 20102020..




6


  :     2008,     2009-,   (https://www.blockchain.com/btc/address/1A1zP1eP5QGefi2DMPTfTL5SLmv7DivfNa)  .




7


    co-opted ( (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Co-option)),          -   , ,   ,  ,   (. ..).




8


      VIZ (https://viz.world/@on1x/).




9


     ,   ,      ,      ,   ,  (...).




10


 堖  2.0,          (...).




11


 ,  ,     (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dot-com_bubble),  ! (...).




12


   (. .) DLT blockchain ,  .




13


   : - ico 20132018. (https://itsynergis.ru/assets/docs/ico-report-first-half-2018.pdf) ,       20%,   ,      .




14


, ,    Synergis 2018 https://itsynergis.ru/assets/docs/meta_analysis_menaskop_synergis_2018.pdf (https://itsynergis.ru/assets/docs/meta_analysis_menaskop_synergis_2018.pdf) 2019 https://itsynergis.ru/assets/docs/blockchain_cryptocurrency_guidebook_2019.pdf (https://itsynergis.ru/assets/docs/blockchain_cryptocurrency_guidebook_2019.pdf) .




15


.      (..).




16


 頖 https://unstoppabledomains.com (https://unstoppabledomains.com/).   Aeternity, Ethreum, Zilliqa, Namecoin, Emercoin .




17


  -W3- (..).




18


    https://cyb.ai (https://cyb.ai/).




19


    ,     , ,   (. .),    .




20


        .




21


 堖  ,      (...).




22


ߠ  (..).




23


     IEOBTT (https://www.bittorrent.com/btt/) (...).




24


Π      (...).




25


     CYB, Beaker  ,    (...).




26


頖     (...).




27


    蠖 https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Namecoin (https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Namecoin) (..).




28


  . 堹1.




29


Ƞ EOS (...).




30


.  https://habr.com/ru/news/t/446398/ (https://habr.com/ru/news/t/446398/).




31


/       (...).




32


Ѡ      :    , -    -    ;   ,        (   ) .. (...). Ƞ ,    ,   .




33


   XVII XIX .,    ,    (...).




34


,    SaO  ,   ,   (.  堖 ..).




35


    -   (..).




36


    -    (...).




37


    (..).




38


   .




39


,    Libra (..).




40


    threatpost.ru (https://threatpost.ru/webauthn-becomes-a-w3c-standart/31468/), hype.ru (https://hype.ru/@id184/chto-takoe-webauthn-i-kak-rabotaet-protokol-j9q0bz4z), habr.ru (https://habr.com/ru/company/1cloud/blog/445534/)  habr.ru (https://habr.com/ru/company/globalsign/blog/358622/).




41


 䠖    (..).




42


 (..).




43


젖  (...).




44


.   (..).




45


         (..).




46


.  https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/_ (https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/) (..).




47


Π  蠖   (...).




48


        (..).




49


,  ,       (...).




50


    https://ru.bmstu.wiki/RDF_(Resource_Description_Framework) (https://ru.bmstu.wiki/RDF_(Resource_Description_Framework))     .     Wiki https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resource_Description_Framework (https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resource_Description_Framework).




51


,         SPARQL.




52


 ⠖ https://habr.com/ru/post/157527/ (https://habr.com/ru/post/157527/).    ?   (https://vc.ru/story/47938-eto-problema-vsey-otrasli-razbor-rassledovaniya-bloomberg-o-kitayskih-shpionskih-chipah).




53


      .  Web 3.0,      https://vc.ru/future/81683-web-3-0-ili-zhizn-bez-saytov (https://vc.ru/future/81683-web-3-0-ili-zhizn-bez-saytov).




54


    . .   .




55


   ,    ,    ,  -      ,     ,      (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Black_Mirror_episodes) ׸ .




56


     ,  - ( ⠫     )   -   ,      - (..).




57


   . :     :   젖   ,    ;   젖   /   ;   / (  )     js-  ;  젖  : -,  ; -,  ; -,  .    .  ,   ,   ,        :   ? /    /  젖 !   /젖 ,      ,    蠖    (      ).   ,   (. .),     ,       ,   .           (Github   ),  p2p-  TOR  ,    .




58


堖   . :           .  ( ): ,        ?   :            ,    ,            ,     :       .   =   ,             . ,     : () ,     ,      ( )       ( ).             , ,      .       ,  ,   ,  .              .  () :   -  ,     .      shared key   ,             shared key,       .  shared key    :     ,         . ,   (   . .),    ,    ,        //, , ,   .




59


         - coinmedia (https://coinmedia.ru/vladimir-popov-web-3-0-dapps-i-principy-decentralizacii-anonimnosti-otkrytosti-i-tranzakcionnoj-reputacii/).




60


, , -,    ..




61


   1,        aka  Firewall   (..).




62


  堖    ,  :  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juan_Benet_(computer_scientist) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juan_Benet_(computer_scientist)).




63


,   IPv6 (https://vasexperts.ru/blog/bezopasnost/ipv6-texnologiya-nastoyashhego-ili-budushhego/)   .




64


,   ,   1012.




65


 . https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/__ (https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/).


