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1. 


               ,         - ,           , ,    ,      .       ,   , ,       .     ,   ,     ,     :    셻.        :  ,  ,   ,  .     ,      ,    .       , , ; , ,       - :  ,  .      ,  : , ,  , .      ,  ,  .     .

  ,       ,     . ,   ,     ,    .      .   ,    ,  ,     ,   ,    .   ,     ,   ,     . ,   ,   ,   .    ,   .   ,        ,      ;     ; ,   , ,    ,  ,    .

         .     :  ,  ,  ,  (    )       ,           :   .          ,    , ,  , -   ,  .          ,        ,       .       ,     ,  .      ,         ,   .

   ,         .        .       ,      ,         [1 -         ,    ,         . . .],     ,    ,  .        ,            ,    .

    ,     ,  -    ,    ,   ,          ,    .    ?        ?   ? ,  ,       (,   ,   ,   )    .    ,             ,   .       ,   , ,   ,   :  ,   .      ,   ,     ,           .

,   ,    ,   ,       ,     , ,                (    ),       .  ,        ( ,  )        ,   ,  ,  , ,   . ,   ,     ,  ,  ,  [2 -   (19121991)     .     ,     ,  :      ,  ,  ,  . . .].      (    ),                    .


* * *

    [3 -    ,   ,  .   ,    , : Dewey A. G. Peasant Marketing in Java. New York, 1962; Fagg R. Authority and Social Structure: AStudy in Javanese Bureaucracy (Ph.D. diss. Harvard University, 1958); Geertz C. The Religion of Java. Glencoe, Ill., 1960; Geertz C. Peddlers and Princes. Chicago, 1963; GeertzC. The Social History of an Indonesian Town. Cambridge, Mass., 1965; Geertz H. The Javanese Family: AStudy of Kinship and Socialization. New York, 1961; Jay R. Religion and Politics in Rural Central Java// Cultural Report Series. 12. New Haven, 1963; Jay R. Javanese Villagers: Social Relations in Rural Modjokuto. Cambridge, Mass., 1969; Ryan E. J. The Value System of aChinese Community in Java (Ph.D. diss. Harvard University, 1961).  ,    : Wahono R. I. Kamar Bola and Waringin: Continuity and Change in aJavanese Town and Its Surroundings. (Ph.D. diss. Australian National University. Canberra, 1984).     ,   : Dick H., Fox J. J., MackieJ. (eds.) Balanced Development: East Java and the New Order. Oxford, 1993.],    - ,  ,          ,  1952 .       ,             .      ,   ,           .   ,    .            (, , ,   ,  ,       )             .    ,      , ,       .

    ,     ,             ,  1963 ,     ,  ,    . (          ,         .)        ,  V,  -,      ,          ,       .  ,  II,         ,    [4 -    ,      V     IV.        . . .],     .        ,    ,        ,               ,       ,        ,    .

    ,           ,   ,       , ,        .      1952, 1958, 1963, 1964, 1966, 1969, 1971, 1972, 1976  1986   ,     ,     ,   ,    ,  ,    .     ,   ,    .

     ,     ,      ,        (     ),     -     ,                   .       ,  ,                 .       ,   ,  ,         , ,  ,    ,       ,   ,    [5 -           (  )   (19751979). . .].    ,   :      [6 -   (Partai Majelis Syuro Muslimin Indonesia     )   1945    .      ,        1952       .  1950-         .   1960   ,         1958  (       ). . .],      [7 -      1926   .              .  1945-        ,    1952     .   ӻ      .  1965-     ,      .     ,   1980-        .  ӻ           19992001 . . .],       .   ,     , ,       ,        :    [8 -    ,     (  PNI, Partai Nasional Indonesia) .      1927      ,   .              .  1931                   1946    1945        .         ,        :         ,      .   1960-          . . .],    ,      - ,  ,   [9 -    (PKI, Partai Komunis Indonesia)   1920     - ,   1914   -  .           ,      .          ,     19261927             1945           .  1960-          .  1965     30    ,      ,     . . .],        - .

   1955 [10 - Π   .: Feith H. The Indonesian Elections of 1955. Ithaca, 1957. Π    .: Feith H. The Decline of Constitutional Democracy in Indonesia. Ithaca, 1962.],      .     1971  (       ),      ,       ,        [11 -       (   ),     ( ),   1966 ,         .       ,    - .       1971       . . .],    [12 - ,  ⻠   ,            :    , ,     ,  ,    ,      ,      . . .].        ,  .        ,       .      ,    (   ,    ),   ,             (    ).        ,       ,    :  [13 -         ,       ,            . . .]  .   (    )  , ,  .    .

  1955         , -      .       -, ,         ,     ,         ,    .       ,          .  ,      ,    ,   ,       ,            ,   .          ,   ,    1965    ,  ,   .

           1958 ,      ,       . (         ,        ,      .)            1955    .  ,  -      , -     .           ,          .            ,    ,  ,           ,   ,      :     .

     1959 ,  , ,       ,     [14 - . : Legge T. D. Sukarno: APolitical Biography. New York, 1972. P.4.],  , , , ,    ,    ,        .      ,       .  ,  ,   .      ,      . -,      ,  ,    ,          -   .     ,    ;    ,      .     ,     .       .      .     .      .    ,       [15 -       , . . .].   ,  ,  .

     ,        ,    ,    .       [16 -         ,   : Hughes J. Indonesian Upheaval. New York, 1967. ,      .   (Cribb Robert (ed.). The Indonesian Killings, 196566. Clayton, Australia, 1990. P.12)  39  ,    78000    .    ,   , . pp.6399, . p.83, pp.169176, . p.173. . : Wahono R. I. Kamar Bola and Waringin: Continuity and Change,      .           : Geertz C. Are the Javanese Mad? // Encounter. 26. 1966. . 8688 (   : Leuthy H. Indonesia Confronted // Encounter. 25. 1965. P.8089; 26. 1966. P. 7583,  ,    ;  ˸    : Encounter. 26. 1966. P. 8890).],  ,         ,  ,   ,    .  ,     , ,        ,              ,   ,     ,           ,           ,        ,  ,       .          ,          ,  ,         ,          (     ,  ),  ,        ,    ,      .

, ,  .   ,         1965 [17 -    30      ,     ,     .    1  1965      ,     ,                    .    30        ,       .         -    ,       .      ,           ,    .                .       ,       1        . . .],    ,    ,             ,            ,    .   (- )  ,    .    ,     ,           .   ,     .           -  (        ,           ),   ,    ,           ,  ,     .

       .  ,    ,   ,  ,    1952 ,    ,      ,     ,       ,   .     :     ,   ,          ,   .     ,         ,       ,   ,            1971      ,      ( )   ,  ,    ,     . (    :   ?     ?.)



         ,     .      .   - [   ,  ],        ,       ;    ,       ,   ,   ,    . (       ,  ,      .)

   ,   , ,      . ,   :   ,  .  , ,   ,  [].    ,   .    .    .       [][18 -       ,  .    ,  ,    .            -      ,   ,    . ,  1906  1908         ,   ,   ,    .      ,      ,  , ,     . . .].

    .        .   ,            .       , , .      .    ,     .

       .   ,  ,   ,      ,       ,  ,          .   ,       ,    ,   .

 -   ,         [,      ].   [ ]  ,      ,        .  ,          .     .       ,  ,      ;        .

     ,     .     .   ,  ,      ,    .     :      .           ,   ,   ,      .             ,       , ,      .      ,     ,     .    ,       ;     .     .

    -.       ,  ,    ,   .   ,    . ,        ,      ,   ,    - ,    ,         [-   ]  - .

         .     ,      ;     ,   .       .        -  -.  ,   ,     .       .


  1971 ,     ,      ,   1986 ,    ,      ,   ,   ,  ,    . ,        (  ,     ),       ,      .       ,  ,      19531954 ,   ,   ,    .           ,   ,  ,   ,  ,       .        ,   - -,   ,   .

 ,      ,  ,          .   ,            ,     ,    ,   ,        ,        ,     ,          ,  -   .            ,      , ,     ,      ,      .   ,    -    ,                 , ,   .

         ,    , ,       ,      .         ,          ,  ,  ,     ,     ,           ,       . ,      ,   , ,       ,   ,    .        ,     ,   ,   ,     .

   ,        ,    ,     ,      .        ,    ,       ,       ,     ,              ,    ,       [19 - Africanus Johannes Leo. Description de lAfrique: 2vols. Paris, 1956; de Foucauld Vicomte. La reconnaissance au Maroc: 2vols. Paris, 1888. Vol. 1. P. 37; Wharton Edith. InMorocco. New York, 1984. P. 96.        : Dichter T. The Problem of How to Act on an Undefined Stage: An Exploration of Culture, Change, and Individual Consciousness in the Moroccan Town of Sefrou, with aFocus on Three Modern Schools (Ph.D. diss. University of Chicago, 1976); GeertzC., Geertz H., Rosen L. Meaning and Order in Moroccan Society: Three Essays in Cultural Analysis. Cambridge, 1979; Rabinow P. Symbolic Domination: Cultural Form and Historical Change in Morocco. Chicago, 1975; Rabinow P. Reflections on Fieldwork. Berkeley, 1977; Rosen L. The Structure of Social Groups in aMoroccan City. (Ph.D. diss. University of Chicago, 1968); RosenL. Bargaining for Reality: The Construction of Social Relations in aMuslim Community. Chicago, 1984; Rosen L. The Anthropology of Justice. Cambridge, 1989.],   ,     ()  lOasis enchanteresse[20 -   (.). . .],   ()     -   ,     . , , , -, -, -,        ,   ,    .     ,   .

          ,   ,            ,  ,       , .  ,  1961      ,       ,  . , , , , ,   ,           colons[21 - ,  (.). . .],   ,    ,   ,  .    ,   ,      .   , ,   , -,  ,  , ,   ,  ,  ,  , , -, ,   ,      ,      ,   .          ,   Beau Geste[22 - Beau Geste (    )     .. (  1924 ),     -  (     )             .  1939      . . .],        ,   En tribu[23 - En tribu ( )        ,   1914 .  ,     ,      . . .].      , ,  , ,  [24 -        ,      . . .],  ,  , ,    .    ,       .

   ,       ,  , ,    ,       ,     ,   [25 -     (18421910),         , ,            . . .]   ,     ,     , , ,         .      ,             ,            (     ,    , ,   ),       ,      :      ,      ,     ,     . ,         ,    , ,     - .

 1963     ,     .  -    [26 -         . . .],  ,   [27 -        . . .],    , - .                 ,        ,    ,         .        [28 -        . . .]  : -,          ,   ,     (      ,    - ),  ,         ,    .

 1986       ,        .    (    ,        ) ,       ,      .          ,     .      .     ,    .    .

    (   )  ,               ,   .             ,        ,      .    ,      ,    ,        . ( -   ,        ,        .)     ,          ;     ,       ,  ,     .    ,   ,     . (    .)    ,   ,   .   ,    ,  ,       ,        .   , - ,     .     ,     .      .   ,          , ,   [29 -   ,  ,        ,  ,    .      ,         .   ,  .    ,          ,      . . .],        ,      ,     .    ,           , -       -,   ,  -,  ,             ,  -    (  ,   II   ).                  ,  ,   ,  ;     .

  ,   ,        .   :  ,    , , ,  ,  ,     ;        ,  ,      ,   -   .   : - ,         ,     ,        ,    :       (   )  .   ,     ,   ,    ,          .   : ,   ,  ,     -,  ,    ,           ,       .   :  , ,       ,   ,  ,  ,  .   :  ,  ,  ,  ,   .       ,      .

 1986 ,   ,   -. ,       ,                :     ,       ,        ,      ,        ,   ,          -  ,             ,  .           ,     .   ,   ,        .

 ,   ,           ,    [30 -     : Benhalima H. Sefrou: De la tradition des Dir ?lintgration conomique moderne: tude de gographie urbaine (thesis). Montpellier, 1977. ߠ      1970 .     70000     (.,  ).].  :   (     ),   ( 1960     ,  1986  ),   ( 1960     ,  1986   ),   (  ,   1912      ),        (   1960-  1970-). , ,             (   ,  ,         ):     1960 ,     1986 .  , ,   , ,              ,      , ,  ,    -  , .

        ,    ,  .      ,  ,    ,  ,     ,   , ,    ,     ,  ,     .   ,      ,      .     ,    ,          .   ,     ,     :    ,    .

  (        )   ,          .  ,   ,     ,     ,        ,      ,    . ,          - ,    ;     ,     (     ,          ),   ,    , ,      ;      ,        ,      ,       1960-,       , ,    ,    .       ,   ,    ,    ,    ,  ,    .


* * *

 . ,   ,     . ,       ,              .     (        ),       ,    ,      .  ,     ,  ,    .          : ,  ,  ,    .   , , ,             .

    ,     . (   : , , , ?   : , , , ?) ,   ,     ,    .     ,          , ,  ? ,        ,       :   ,   .                     ,   .      ( ,   ),       ,  ,  ,  ,  ,       ,     .

  ,       .  ,     ,    ,         , ,   .   ,  ,    ;    ,    .   , , ,    ,   ,   ;          .      .       .

 , ;      .      (   ,    ,       )      ,       . ,      ,     ,    ,      ,     .   ,   ,  .    ?    :    ,    ;    ,    .    ?

  ( ,    )  ,   ,      , ,      ,       .      ,   -      ,      .      ,    ,     - ,   .     ;           ,         .    ,    , ex post,    :  ,  ,           ,          , ,  , .

  ,  ,          ,   ,    , ,     ,  ,    ,    .      .   , ,  ,  ,    ,      ,     .          ;     .  ,    ,   ,   ,        ,     ,      ,  , ,   ,    ,    ,  ,    ,      ,        .

    ,     ,    ,      .     ,  ,  ,  ,         ? ? ?  ? ?              ,       -   .        ,     .

  ad hoc[31 -     (.). . .]  ad interim[32 -  (.). . .],      ,     .             ,    ,    .   , ,   .    , ,        . ,     ,       ,     ,   ,   :    ,        [33 - Wilbur R. Folk Tune // The Beautiful Changes and Other Poems. New York, 1947. P.27.].




2. 


   .     ,     ,     , ,   , ,   (  ),  ( 1997 ),  ( 1999 ),         ,          ,   ,   , , , , ,      .       (         ),  (    -,  ),  (         )  ,     , .                ,     ,    ,    ,      .     ,     ;   [34 -  軠  ,     . . .]       .     , ,     ,    ,     ,     .




  .


   .

   ,     (https://www.litres.ru/pages/biblio_book/?art=56434383)  .

      Visa, MasterCard, Maestro,    ,   ,     ,  PayPal, WebMoney, ., QIWI ,       .



notes



1


        ,    ,         . . .




2


  (19121991)     .     ,     ,  :      ,  ,  ,  . . .




3


   ,   ,  .   ,    , : Dewey A. G. Peasant Marketing in Java. New York, 1962; Fagg R. Authority and Social Structure: AStudy in Javanese Bureaucracy (Ph.D. diss. Harvard University, 1958); Geertz C. The Religion of Java. Glencoe, Ill., 1960; Geertz C. Peddlers and Princes. Chicago, 1963; GeertzC. The Social History of an Indonesian Town. Cambridge, Mass., 1965; Geertz H. The Javanese Family: AStudy of Kinship and Socialization. New York, 1961; Jay R. Religion and Politics in Rural Central Java// Cultural Report Series. 12. New Haven, 1963; Jay R. Javanese Villagers: Social Relations in Rural Modjokuto. Cambridge, Mass., 1969; Ryan E. J. The Value System of aChinese Community in Java (Ph.D. diss. Harvard University, 1961).  ,    : Wahono R. I. Kamar Bola and Waringin: Continuity and Change in aJavanese Town and Its Surroundings. (Ph.D. diss. Australian National University. Canberra, 1984).     ,   : Dick H., Fox J. J., MackieJ. (eds.) Balanced Development: East Java and the New Order. Oxford, 1993.




4


   ,      V     IV.        . . .




5


          (  )   (19751979). . .




6


  (Partai Majelis Syuro Muslimin Indonesia     )   1945    .      ,        1952       .  1950-         .   1960   ,         1958  (       ). . .




7


     1926   .              .  1945-        ,    1952     .   ӻ      .  1965-     ,      .     ,   1980-        .  ӻ           19992001 . . .




8


   ,     (  PNI, Partai Nasional Indonesia) .      1927      ,   .              .  1931                   1946    1945        .         ,        :         ,      .   1960-          . . .




9


   (PKI, Partai Komunis Indonesia)   1920     - ,   1914   -  .           ,      .          ,     19261927             1945           .  1960-          .  1965     30    ,      ,     . . .




10


Π   .: Feith H. The Indonesian Elections of 1955. Ithaca, 1957. Π    .: Feith H. The Decline of Constitutional Democracy in Indonesia. Ithaca, 1962.




11


      (   ),     ( ),   1966 ,         .       ,    - .       1971       . . .




12


,  ⻠   ,            :    , ,     ,  ,    ,      ,      . . .




13


        ,       ,            . . .




14


. : Legge T. D. Sukarno: APolitical Biography. New York, 1972. P.4.




15


      , . . .




16


        ,   : Hughes J. Indonesian Upheaval. New York, 1967. ,      .   (Cribb Robert (ed.). The Indonesian Killings, 196566. Clayton, Australia, 1990. P.12)  39  ,    78000    .    ,   , . pp.6399, . p.83, pp.169176, . p.173. . : Wahono R. I. Kamar Bola and Waringin: Continuity and Change,      .           : Geertz C. Are the Javanese Mad? // Encounter. 26. 1966. . 8688 (   : Leuthy H. Indonesia Confronted // Encounter. 25. 1965. P.8089; 26. 1966. P. 7583,  ,    ;  ˸    : Encounter. 26. 1966. P. 8890).




17


   30      ,     ,     .    1  1965      ,     ,                    .    30        ,       .         -    ,       .      ,           ,    .                .       ,       1        . . .




18


      ,  .    ,  ,    .            -      ,   ,    . ,  1906  1908         ,   ,   ,    .      ,      ,  , ,     . . .




19


Africanus Johannes Leo. Description de lAfrique: 2vols. Paris, 1956; de Foucauld Vicomte. La reconnaissance au Maroc: 2vols. Paris, 1888. Vol. 1. P. 37; Wharton Edith. InMorocco. New York, 1984. P. 96.        : Dichter T. The Problem of How to Act on an Undefined Stage: An Exploration of Culture, Change, and Individual Consciousness in the Moroccan Town of Sefrou, with aFocus on Three Modern Schools (Ph.D. diss. University of Chicago, 1976); GeertzC., Geertz H., Rosen L. Meaning and Order in Moroccan Society: Three Essays in Cultural Analysis. Cambridge, 1979; Rabinow P. Symbolic Domination: Cultural Form and Historical Change in Morocco. Chicago, 1975; Rabinow P. Reflections on Fieldwork. Berkeley, 1977; Rosen L. The Structure of Social Groups in aMoroccan City. (Ph.D. diss. University of Chicago, 1968); RosenL. Bargaining for Reality: The Construction of Social Relations in aMuslim Community. Chicago, 1984; Rosen L. The Anthropology of Justice. Cambridge, 1989.




20


  (.). . .




21


,  (.). . .




22


Beau Geste (    )     .. (  1924 ),     -  (     )             .  1939      . . .




23


En tribu ( )        ,   1914 .  ,     ,      . . .




24


       ,      . . .




25


    (18421910),         , ,            . . .




26


        . . .




27


       . . .




28


       . . .




29


  ,  ,        ,  ,    .      ,         .   ,  .    ,          ,      . . .




30


    : Benhalima H. Sefrou: De la tradition des Dir ?lintgration conomique moderne: tude de gographie urbaine (thesis). Montpellier, 1977. ߠ      1970 .     70000     (.,  ).




31


    (.). . .




32


 (.). . .




33


Wilbur R. Folk Tune // The Beautiful Changes and Other Poems. New York, 1947. P.27.




34


 軠  ,     . . .


