 
 

 


        ,        .             ,             ,      .         .  ,    ,   .









       ,   , ,  ,       . ,             ,   .   ,        .

 ,      ,         , ,   ,      ,     .                ,       ,      .

     .   ,   5% , 8%   4,3%     . ,          30% .    , ,      2%   1%  . (- . G. Paslakis and etc.: Prevalence and psychopathology of vegetarians and vegans  Results from a representative survey in Germany, 2020)

          ,       ,     ,   ,    .  ,           ,  - ,     ,             .   ,        ,  ,          350%. (- . H. Sakkas and etc.: Nutritional Status and the Influence of the Vegan Diet on the Gut Microbiota and Human Health, 2020)

        .    2012 .  New York Times ,              ,       -         .                ,      :    ?.   ,          .   ,       ,   ,   ,         3 .      .          ,   ,      [1].




1. 


          ,     :       .         ,     ,     .

,       ,        ,        .     ,        , ,     .             ,   .          ,     ,             ,  . ,               .

       ,           . ,     , ..    ,   ,  ,      ,   ,    :    ,    (,   ..).

       ,          ,       .       ,        .   B.William,  ?    ,    . (- . B.Williams: Moral Incapacity, 1993)

   ,        ,           ?

 .

     .         .

       (Oxford Centre for Animal Ethics) ,         , , ,  ,   ,   .   ,  ,         .    ,   ,     ,      .   ,     ,   ,      ,   , , , ,        ,   .            .        . (- . A. Linzey and etc.: Normalising the unthinkable: The ethics of using animals in research, 2015)

 ,             ,     ,        .

         ,   , .         , ,     E. Paul  J. Serpell    ,     ,   ,       . (- . E. Paul and etc.: Childhood pet keeping and humane attitudes in young adulthood, 1993)

 ,    , ..     ,          ,     .  ,           ,  ,  . (- . A. Cornish and etc.: What We Know About the Public's Level of Concern for Farm Animal Welfare in Food Production in Developed Countries, 2016)

       ,   ,       ,            (   ,    ,      ..).    ,             ,        ,    ,          , .        ,  ,    ,       ,        ,        ,      . (       )

 ,     ,   ,        100   ,     , ..       .              ,   .                 ,                 .  , ,        ,     .

 ,         ,                 .

  ,            ? ,  .    , ,           ,            ,        .          .       .    ,        .

  , ,          , .    ,       ,       .




2.  


             .     ?       .

    ,   ,    .   40? .    O.Brunler      (Brunler Scale  Brain Scale),              .       ,         .

 O. Brunler    ,      ,     .     ,       (The Bessemer Prize)     (Brunler flame),         .

     Brain Scale         ( ,  ,    Dr. Bovis,         , ,   O. Brunler    ). O. Brunler ,        ,       ,  ,         .               ,       ,    ,  ,    ,  .

O. Brunler       ,        .       ,    .   ,   ,          , ,  ,    ,   , ,      .

 ,      ,  180  ,       ,         .

  210  ,         .   ,   O. Brunler  ,        (driving a nail),      210   .

  210           240.   300    ,    ,  , ,   .

310,   O. Brunler,    (battle with the physical).     ,        .      , ,   ,  , -. ,  ,    ,        .

 ,      O. Brunler,   95%,     300,  90%      240.

 310        , ,         .  330   ,  ,   320-330  .        330-370,    ;        , ,   ,  390         ,        .

  390  420 O. Brunler    (fear range),        ,     420        ,     ,   ,    ,       .

   420  440         ,      ,       ,    .             .

          440,      ,     450          ,   ,    ,      ,    .       ,     .

     440,   450    .     ,          .  480   O. Brunler    ,   ,        .

  ,   ,    ,  ,     ,          . O.Brunler   ,              .

        ,         (genius), ..  - ,      . ,  500  ,    ,        .

   ,      ,       .

         , ..      .   ,  538       .  575     ,  .

O. Brunler  ,           ,       (       ).   , ,      , ,     ,      (   538,    575        )       .

            ?   -    -   . ,  ,            300   5%,       300.    ,    ,   ,  ,         ,     .

       5%,         ,    O. Brunler?          .            ,        ,         .      ,                     .                    .  , , , ,    ,         , ..     .

   ,       ,    ,       .




3. 


    .

    ,     ,    .   ,  ,           ,    .         ,  ,  ,  ,         ,   ,  , ,      . ,   ,    ,        . (- . A.-L. Elorinne and etc.: Insect Consumption Attitudes among Vegans, Non-Vegan Vegetarians, and Omnivores, 2019)

   ,    ,               ,       ,       .    ,  ,  ,  ,   ,      . (- . R. Sariyska and etc.: What Does Our Personality Say About Our Dietary Choices? Insights on the Associations Between Dietary Habits, Primary Emotional Systems and the Dark Triad of Personality, 2019)

 ,                  .

           . (- . K. Jain and etc.: Influences of Gender, Religion, Dietary Patterns, and Mixed-sex Education on Aggressiveness in Children: A Sociodemographic Study in Municipal Primary Schools of South Delhi, 2018)

 .  2019 .    ,          (orthorexia nervosa),       ,         .    ,  ,   ,        ,  ,       ,    .         ,    . (- . A. Brytek-Matera and etc.: Strict health-oriented eating patterns (orthorexic eating behaviours) and their connection with a vegetarian and vegan diet, 2019)

    , ,  ,         ,      ,  ,   . (- . B. Preylo and etc.: Comparison of Vegetarians and Non-Vegetarians on Pet Attitude and Empathy, 2008)




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