AutoCAD 2008  :  
  


                         AutoCAD 2008,   Autodesk.       ,    ,   ,    ,   ,    ,     .       .                 ( ).





  

AutoCAD 2008  .  








          .  Autodesk             , , .              , , ,       ,  7 000 000 .

 AutoCAD,   ,           (),   ,          .

AutoCAD         .      1982    MicroCAD.   AutoCAD       .  AutoCAD   18 ,                 ,       .

AutoCAD      ,                :

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    ;

    ;

 AutoCAD     - .

  Autodesk    AutoCAD    -     ,    .

  ,      ,           -, Autodesk           ,      ,              .

  AutoCAD 2008  Autodesk  ,              .




 


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 1

AutoCAD 2008.  





  


AutoCAD 2008      ,     .    AutoCAD 2008     Windows      :

 Intel Pentium IV;

 : Microsoft Windows  Professional  Home Edition (  SP1  SP2), Windows  Tablet PC Edition (SP2)  Windows 2000 (SP3  SP4).     AutoCAD    ,      ,        ;

Microsoft Internet Explorer 6.0 (  SP1   );

512   ;

 VGA     1024  768    true color;

750        ;

 -:  (   ).

     AutoCAD 2008   :

 Intel    3,0   ;

Windows  Professional (  SP2);

  2   ;

2      ,   ,    ;

    1280  1024    true color;

    ,    128      OpenGL.




 AutoCAD


   AutoCAD,     .

    :

          AutoCAD 2008.        AutoCAD      .       ,  ,    AutoCAD  Help ? About;

    ,     AutoCAD.       ;

   ;

   .

 AutoCAD     -,     -  ,     .    AutoCAD          WHIP- .




  AutoCAD


 AutoCAD   :

      Start ? Programs ? Autodesk ? AutoCAD 2008;

   Windows     AutoCAD 2008.

  AutoCAD    .       ,         .

          ,          .    ,        .

      ,     .         Wizard Description. AutoCAD       ,    .




 


  AutoCAD      Startup (.1.1).

   Startup    ,         .








Open a Drawing      .       ,  ,     AutoCAD.   ,   ,     Browse.








Start from Scratch    ,        Default Settings:  (  )   ():

Imperial (feet and inches)   ,         acad.dwt.    ,    ,   12x9 ;

Metric    ,        acadiso. dwt.       429  297 .






.1.1.    








Use a Template        ,        .   Select a Template:  ,    .         DWT,     ,      Options.      ,       ,    .








Use a Wizard        .   Select a Wizard:        AutoCAD    Advanced Setup    Quick Setup:

    Advanced Setup        AutoCAD:     Units   Angle,     Angle Measure     Angle Direction,     Area;

    Quick Setup        AutoCAD:     Units      Area.

    Startup      AutoCAD   .          AutoCAD       Create New Drawing.




  


         ,  .       .     ,              .

 (   DWT)         .    ,   AutoCAD,    .        .                  .

      ,      ,         :

    ;

 ;

   SNAP,  GRID    ORTHO;

 ;

 ,   ;

   ;

   () .

 ,   ,    ,     .




  







     AutoCAD         .         Help.      F1   ,  ?             .




 


 AutoCAD           DWG.      ,      SNAP,  GRID,   ORTHO;      ;  ;  ;   ;    ;    ..

AutoCAD     Multiple Design Environment (MDE),      .         ,     .  MDE   ,   ,   , ,  ,     .       ,          .          .








       OPEN,      File ? Open     OpenCTRL+    .

    OPEN   AutoCAD      Select File (.1.2).              File name:.

         Preview    .   Views  ,         ,   : , , .






.1.2.    



    Open (), Open Read-Only (  ), Partial Open ( ), Partial Open Read-Only (   )          Open.        ,       .        .

            Select File,   Shift  Ctrl.

 ,        Windows.                    AutoCAD,    ,          ,    .           ,             .

            Windows,      AutoCAD.          AutoCAD,     .

 AutoCAD       ,      .              .

        Find,   .1.3,     Select File     Tools ? Find.






.1.3.      



  Name & Location   Find  ,     .

AutoCAD        ,   Date Modified   Find (.1.4).    ,                 .         .






.1.4.   



,   AutoCAD   ,      2008      .




 


      .          ,    .      ,     ,    ,     .

     .       :  ,   , , ,   ..        ,      .          ,         ,  ,    .

  ,      ,    .     :   ,          .

      .     ,         ,   ,          .

        ,                .    ,  ,     (     ),         ,     , ,        .

              .       ,   AutoCAD,    ,     .        .     AutoCAD  .








     NEW,     File ? New     QNew    .

        AutoCAD        Create New Drawing  .1.5.






.1.5.     



        Start from Scratch.         . ,     ,   ,   ,     .    , , ,  ,            :

Imperial (feet and inches)  ,       (  ),   acad. dwt.    ,    ,   12x9 ;

Metric   ,      ,   acadiso.dwt.      429  297 .

     ,     Create New Drawing    Use a Template    Select a Template:    (.1.6).






.1.6.   



 AutoCAD      Wizard       .     ,     ,    . ,              .   ,    ,    ;      ,      .

        Create New Drawing    Use a Wizard   ,   .1.7.






.1.7.       



   QuickSetup (.1.8)        Units    Area.        :   Decimal,   Engineering,   Architectural,   Fractional,   Scientific.






.1.8.     



  Width   Length  ,       ,   .     ,    .      ,         .

   Advanced Setup (.1.9)          Units     Angle,     Angle Measure     Angle Direction,     Area.      ,     ,        ,     .






.1.9.     



  ,    ,     .




  


 LIMITS            .      Format ? Drawing Limits.  AutoCAD     :         ,    .

          :       ,   .   Z   .

  LIMITS:

Reset Model space limits:    

Specify lower left corner or [ON/OFF] <current>:   

Specify upper right corner <current>:   

:

ON     .   AutoCAD       ,    ;

OFF      ;

<current>  .

      ,    Enter.

     . ,    100  200 ,       .

         . ,  (  )      ,   ,  ,    .. ,     210  297 ,           0, 0      210,297    .

          ,        LIMITS.             .            Display   Options.

                   .




  


    ,      .    GRID        .          .          .     .

         Snap and Grid     Drafting Settings (.1.10),      Tools ? Drafting Settings      Settings  ,        GRID   .






.1.10.        



     Grid On (F7).   Grid spacing       ,       X  Y.      Grid X spacing: Grid Y spacing: .   Major line every:    .

  Grid behavior   : Adaptive grid   , Allow subdivision below grid spasing      , Display grid beyond Limits     , Follow Dynamic UCS    .

            GRID        F7.

               .




  


    SNAP                 ,      ,    .     SNAP   ,      .           .       XnY.            .

       .     ,     ,     .   :        .

   SNAP        Snap and Grid     Drafting Settings,      Tools ? Drafting Settings     Settings   ,        SNAP    (. .1.10).

      Snap On (F9).   Snap spacing       .      Snap X spacing: Snap Y spacing: .

 Equal X and Y spacing      X  Y.   Polar spacing    .

     Snap type. Grid snap    (Rectangular snap  , Isometric snap  ), PolarSnap   .

             SNAP        F9.





  L4   2.








 







   QSAVE     FileSave     Save CTRL+S    .  QSAVE    ,         .        ,  QSAVE   ,   SAVEAS.

 SAVE  SAVEAS       .  SAVE      , a SAVEAS     File ? Save As.         File name:   Save Drawing As  .1.11.






.1.11.    



         DWG.   -    .      DWG.      ,       ,           .

     .      Files of type:   Save Drawing As    AutoCAD Drawing Template (*.dwt).

        ,     SAVETIME   Open and Save   Options.      Tools ? Options.        Automatic save   File Safety Precautions           Minutes between saves.




   


        .        ,   ,     .           ,    .           .       ,         .

   ,            ,      .  ,   ,        .         .








       ,       .       PREVIEW,     File ? Plot Preview     Plot Preview    .                .     ,   ,           (.1.12),         .






.1.12.  








          Plot  Model (.1.13).     PLOT,     File ? Plot     Plot.. CTRL+P    .

   Plot  Model   .

  Page setup    .  Add       .

  Printer/plotter  :

  Name:   ;

 Properties    ;

  Plot to file    .

  Paper size  .

  Number of copies   .

  Plot area   : Display  , Limits  , Window  .

  Plot offset (origin set to printable area)      X  Y,   .

  Plot scale      :

Fit to paper  ;

Scale: ;

Scale lineweights    .






.1.13.       



  Plot style table (pen assignments)    .

      Shaded viewport options :

Shade plot    (  , ,  ; 3D-, 3D-, , ; , , , , , );

Quality   (, , , , , ).

  Plot options   :

Plot in background     ;

Plot object lineweights    ;

Plot with plot styles    ;

Plot paperspace last    ;

Hide paperspace objects    ;

Plot stamp on   ;

Save changes to layout   .

  Drawing orientation   :

Portrait  ;

Landscape  ;

Plot upside-down  .

 Preview    .




  AutoCAD


   AutoCAD   QUIT,      File ? Exit CTRL+Q.

            AutoCAD.     ,         .          AutoCAD (.1.14),   :  ,       .






.1.14.      



           ,    Save Drawing As.




 2

  AutoCAD



 .2.1.     AutoCAD  Windows.






.2.1.   AutoCAD



    :

    ,      ;

  :

  Standard    Styles     ;

   Workspaces,  Layers   Properties   ;

  Draw   Modify   ;

      ;

      ;

 ,     .




 


             .         Tools ? Customize ? Interface,        Customize User Interface   Customize,   Customizatios in All CUI Files   Menus (.2.2).          ,    ,   ,             .






.2.2.    



       :

File     : , , ,   , ,     ,     , ,    .;

Edit          ,      .;

View   , , ,    ,      ,   , ,   ,    ;

Insert    ,  ,   ;

Format        ; ,  ;   , , , ;   ;   ,  ;

Tools    ; ;         ;      ;    AutoLISP;     ;   ;   (  ,  ,    ,   ,  ,  ,   );           .;

Draw      ;

Dimension         ;

Modify     ;

Window      ;

Help       .




 


 AutoCAD       .      ,       ,    .

         ,  ,        .            ,    .

     (float)   (dock),   .     ,        (.2.3).     ,         .  ,         ,    .






.2.3.   



         ,           .          ,         (.2.4).






.2.4.   



       ,   ,     ,       .

         ,            .            ,  ,         :

Floating Toolbars    ;

Docked Toolbars    ;

Floating Windows   ;

Docked Windows   ;

ll   : Locked  , Unlocked  ;

Help  .

    ,     Ctrl.





  N3   1.








  


  Standard   .2.5.






.2.5.   



   :








Qnew     ;








Open CTRL+0    ;








Save CTRL+S    ;








Plot CTRL+P     ,    ;








Plot Preview        ,       ;








Publish       Design Web Format (DWF),    Publish;








3DDWF        Design Web Format (DWF);








Cut CTRL+X           ;








Copy CTRL+C        Windows      ;








Paste CTRL+V      Windows;








Match Properties       ;








Block Editor   ;








Undo    ;








Redo      ;








Pan Realtime           ;








Zoom Realtime               ;








 Zoom    ,                ;








Zoom Previous      ;








Properties CTRL+1      ;








DesignCenter CTRL+2   ,   , , ,       ,   ,      ,   ,    ;








Tool Palettes Window CTRL+3         ,     /   .    ,   ;








Sheet Set Manager CTRL+4     ,               ,        ;








Markup Set Manager CTRL+7    ,       DWF;








QuickCalc CTRL+8  ;








Help    .




 


  Styles,   .2.6,     ,    .






.2.6.  



   :








Text Style       ;








Dimension Style       ;








Table Style       ;








Multileader Style       -.




  


 Workspaces,   .2.7,               .






.2.7.   



      ,    ,      .  ,       , ,    ,   .

 AutoCAD    :

2D Drafting & Annotation   ;

3D Modeling   ;

AutoCAD Classic   AutoCAD.

       Workspaces   , :

Save Current As    Save Workspace,     ;

Workspace settings    Workspace Settings,         ;

Customize    Customize User Interface,     .

 ,  Workspaces   :








Workspace Settings    Workspace Settings,         ;








My Workspace               .



  3D Modeling    ,        ,      ,         ,         .       .  Model  Lauout     ,     .      ,       Model  Lauout.




 


  Layers,   .2.8,             .






.2.8.  



    :








Layer Properties Manager      Layer Properties Manager;








Filter applied     .

          ,    .     ( ):

Turn a layer On or Off  / ;

Freeze or thaw in ALL viewports  /    ;

Freeze or thaw in current viewport  /    ;

Lock or Unlock a layer  / ;

Color of layer   ;

Filter applied   ;








Make Object's Layer Current          ;








Layer Previous      ;








Layer States Manager     Layer States Manager.




  


   Properties,   .2.9,              ,    .






.2.9.   



    :








Color Control      ,      ;








Linetype Control       ,        ;








Lineweight Control       () ,       ;








Plot Styles Control      .         .       ,    ()  .  ,         ,   ,       ,  ,    .   ,           .        .




 


  (.2.10)      .






.2.10.  



    ,    /  :

SNAP  Snap Mode,      ;

GRID  Grid Display,     ;

ORTHO  Ortho Mode,     ;

POLAR  Polar Tracking,      ;

OSNAP  Object Snap,      ;

OTRACK  Object Snap Tracking,        ;

DUCS  Allow/Disallow Dynamic UCS,       ;

DYN  Dynamic Input,     ;

LWT  Show/Hide Lineweight,           ();

MODEL/PAPER  Model or Paper space,       .

  /          (.2.11).           Status Bar menu    ,       .






.2.11.     



 Tray Settings    Tray Settings (.2.12),     ,  :

Display icons from services    ;

Display notifications from services     :

Display time:  ;

Display until closed    .






.2.12.     




  


       ;           AutoCAD.  ,  ,      .                .

          AutoCAD (.2.13).       ,         .






.2.13.    



       ,      (   )    (   ).   ,             .

    ,   .                   ,         .      ,      ,    .         ;          (.2.14).






.2.14.    



           AutoCAD.

      ,       .     : ?,?, ?, ?, Insert, Delete, Home, End, Page Up, Page Down, Backspace.

         Ctrl+C,       ,  Ctrl+V,          .

            AutoCAD   ,      ,        ,  ,       Options.




 


           (command history),     ,   .2.15.       F2   TEXTSCR,      View ? Display ? Text Window F2.






.2.15.  



    :     ,    ,  AutoCAD.          ?,?, ?, ?, Page Up  .

          .              .




 


              .                   ;       ,       (. .2.4, 2.16).            .






.2.16.   




 







    TOOLPALETTES,     Tools ? Palettes ? Tool Palettes CTRL+3,     Tool Palettes Window CTRL+3    .

     ,     TOOL PALETTES (.2.17),          ,     ,   .






.2.17.  



             :

                         ;

              (     Microsoft Windows NT);

         .

             .     ,        Ctrl.

        .           ,             .

  ,   ,   .   ,  ,    ,      .

                     . ,         ,        ,     1: 100. ,           1: 100.




 


   3D Modeling     DASHBOARD,         .      ,       (.2.18).






.2.18.  



      ,        ,        .

    ,    .        ,   .      ,      ,    .




  AutoCAD DesignCenter


          :  ,   -       ,      ,    . AutoCAD                 .  ,  ,     ,     (     ),    AutoCAD DesignCenter.

 ,      ,         , , ,      .      ,      .

  DesignCenter           :

     ,    -;

      , ,    ,  ,  ,      ;

      ,    ;

  ;

     .








  AutoCAD   ADCENTER,     Tools ? Palettes ? DesignCenter CTRL+2,     DesignCenter CTRL+2     (.2.19).






.2.19.   DesignCenter



         , ,     ,   , ,    .          AutoCAD,   ,   :     .           .




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