AutoCAD 2009.  
  


      ,                 AutoCAD 2009,   Autodesk.

      AutoCAD,    ,     ,    ,   ,       ,     .     ,    ,     .

   , ,  ,     ,       AutoCAD.  ,          .

 -         ,             ,    070601 .

-      .





  

AutoCAD 2009.  








    ,                -           .

                 .   ,     ,          ,       ,            .

   ,       ,     ,    ,              .          , , ,     .

     ,    ,   - .     , , ,            ,       ,    .

           ,           .              ,           ,        .

          .  Autodesk             , , .              , , ,       ,  7 000 000 .

 AutoCAD,   ,           (),   ,          .

AutoCAD         .      1982    MicroCAD.   AutoCAD       .  AutoCAD   18 ,                 ,       .

AutoCAD      ,                :      ;     ;     ;  AutoCAD     - .

  Autodesk    AutoCAD    -     ,    .

  ,      ,           -, Autodesk           ,      ,              .

  AutoCAD 2009  Autodesk  , ,              .




 


 ,         dgurski@minsk.piter.com (mailto:dgurski@minsk.piter.com)( ,  ).

     !

   http://www.piter.com (http://www.piter.com/)      .




 1

AutoCAD 2009.  



  

  AutoCAD

 

  

  

 

 

  

  

  

     

      

  

 

   

  AutoCAD




  


AutoCAD      ,     .    AutoCAD 2009     Windows      :

  Intel Pentium IV;

  : Microsoft Windows XP Professional  Home Edition (  SP1  SP2), Windows XP Tablet PC Edition (SP2)  Windows 2000 (SP3  SP4).     AutoCAD    ,      ,        ;

 Microsoft Internet Explorer 6.0 (  SP1   );

 512   ;

  VGA     1024 ? 768    true color;

 750        ;

  -:  (   ).

     AutoCAD 2009   :

  Intel    3   ;

 Windows XP Professional (  SP2);

   2   ;

 2      ,   ,    ;

     1280 ? 1024    true color;

     ,    128      OpenGL.




  AutoCAD


 AutoCAD   :

       Start ? Programs ? Autodesk ? AutoCAD 2009;

    Windows     AutoCAD 2009.

  AutoCAD     .       ,         .

          ,          .    ,        .

      ,     .         Wizard Description. AutoCAD       ,    .




 


  AutoCAD      Startup (. 1.1).




. 1.1.    



   Startup    ,         :






Open a Drawing      .       ,  ,     AutoCAD.   ,   ,     Browse;






Start from Scratch    ,        Default Settings:  (  )   ():

 Imperial (feet and inches)    ,     ,   acad.dwt.    ,    ,   12 ? 9 ;

 Metric    ,     ,   acadiso.dwt.       429 ? 297 ;






Use a Template        ,        .   Select a Template:  ,    .         DWT,     ,      Options.      ,       ,    ;






Use a Wizard        .   Select a Wizard:        AutoCAD    Advanced Setup    Quick Setup:

     Advanced Setup        AutoCAD:     Units   Angle,     Angle Measure     Angle Direction,     Area;

     Quick Setup        AutoCAD:     Units      Area.

    Startup      AutoCAD   .          AutoCAD       Create New Drawing.




  


         ,  .       .     ,              .

 (   DWT)          .    ,   AutoCAD,    .        .                  .

      ,      ,         :

     ;

  ;

    SNAP,  GRID    ORTHO;

  ;

  ,   ;

    ;

    () .

 ,   ,    ,     .




  





     AutoCAD         .         Help.      F1   ,   ?             .




 


 AutoCAD           DWG.      ,      SNAP,  GRID,   ORTHO;      ;  ;  ;   ;    ;    . .

AutoCAD     Multiple Design Environment (MDE),      .         ,     .  MDE   ,   ,   , ,  ,     .       ,          .          .






       OPEN,      File ? Open     OpenCTRL+O    .

    OPEN   AutoCAD      Select File (. 1.2).              File name:.




. 1.2.    



         Preview    .   Views  ,         ,   : , , .

    Open (), Open Read-Only (  ), Partial Open ( ), Partial Open Read-Only (   )           Open.        ,       .        .

            Select File,   Shift  Ctrl.

 ,        Windows.                    AutoCAD,    ,          ,    .           ,             .

            Windows,      AutoCAD.          AutoCAD,     .

 AutoCAD       ,      .              .

        Find,   . 1.3,     Select File     Tools ? Find.




. 1.3.      



  Name & Location   Find  ,     .

AutoCAD        ,   Date Modified   Find (. 1.4).    ,                 .         .




. 1.4.   



,   AutoCAD   ,      2009      .




 


      .          ,    .      ,     ,    ,     .

     .       :  ,   , , ,   . .        ,      .          ,         ,  ,    .

  ,      ,    .     :   ,          .

      .     ,         ,   ,          .

        ,                .    ,  ,     (     ),         ,     , ,        .

              .       ,   AutoCAD,    ,     .        .     AutoCAD  .






     NEW,     File ? New     QNew    .

        AutoCAD        Create New Drawing  . 1.5.




. 1.5.     



        Start from Scratch.         .    ,   ,   ,     .    , , ,  ,            :

 Imperial (feet and inches)   ,      (  ),   acad.dwt.    ,    ,   12 ? 9 ;

 Metric   ,      ,   acadiso.dwt.      429 ? 297 .

     ,     Create New Drawing    Use a Template    Select a Template:    (. 1.6).




. 1.6.   



 AutoCAD      Wizard       .     ,     ,    . ,              .   ,    ,    ;      ,      .

        Create New Drawing    Use a Wizard   ,   . 1.7.




. 1.7.       



   QuickSetup (. 1.8)        Units    Area.        :   Decimal,   Engineering,   Architectural,   Fractional,   Scientific.




. 1.8.     



  Width   Length  ,       ,   .     ,    .      ,         .

   Advanced Setup (. 1.9)          Units     Angle,     Angle Measure     Angle Direction,     Area.      ,     ,        ,     .




. 1.9.     



  ,    ,     .




  


 LIMITS            .      Format ? Drawing Limits.  AutoCAD     :         ,    .

          :       ,   .   Z   .

  LIMITS:



Reset Model space limits:     

Specify lower left corner or [ON/OFF] <current>:    

Specify upper right corner <current>:    


:

 ON     .   AutoCAD       ,    ;

 OFF      ;

 <current>  .

      ,    Enter.

     . ,    100 ? 200 ,       .

         . ,  (  )      ,   ,  ,    . . ,     210 ? 297 ,           0,0       210,297     .

          ,        LIMITS.             .            Display   Options.

                   .




  


    ,      .    GRID        .          .          .     .

         Snap and Grid     Drafting Settings (. 1.10),      Tools ? Drafting Settings      Settings  ,        Grid Display   .




. 1.10.        



     Grid On (F7).   Grid spacing       ,       X  Y.      Grid X spacing:  Grid Y spacing: .   Major line every:    .

   Grid behavior   : Adaptive grid   , Allow subdivision below grid spacing      , Display grid beyond Limits     , Follow Dynamic UCS    .






            Grid Display        F7.

               .




  


    SNAP                 ,      ,      .     SNAP   ,      .           .       X  Y.            .

       .     ,     ,     .   :        .

   SNAP        Snap and Grid     Drafting Settings,      Tools ? Drafting Settings     Settings   ,        Snap Mode    (. . 1.10).

      Snap On (F9).   Snap spacing       .      Snap X spacing:  Snap Y spacing: .

 Equal X and Y spacing      X  Y.   Polar spacing    .

     Snap type. Grid snap    (Rectangular snap  , Isometric snap  ), PolarSnap   .






             Snap Mode        F9.




     


         ,            .

               Tools ? Drafting Settings     Snap and Grid   Drafting Settings   Snap type     PolarSnap  . . 1.10.    Polar spacing    Polar distance:    .




      


         ,    (, ).  (    )     ,       ,    ,    .            .            .          : 30, 90  150.         ,      (. 1.11);        F5 (  CTRL+E):

 :       ,    90  150;

 :       ,    90  30;

 :       ,    30  150.




. 1.11.    



     ,            .     AutoCAD     ,       . ,     ORTHO,         .  ,      , ,    ,     ,     ,   .

        Tools ? Drafting Settings     Snap and Grid   Drafting Settings   Snap type   Isometric snap  . . 1.10.




  


     AutoCAD      .   AutoCAD        . ,        ,       . .        ,       .

            Drawing Units,   . 1.12.      Format ? Units.   Length   Type:   Precision:   ,   Angle   Type:   Precision:  .  Clockwise     .




. 1.12.     



      :

 Architectural  ;

 Decimal  ;

 Engineering  ;

 Fractional  ;

 Scientific  .

           ;   ,      .

       :

 Decimal Degrees   ;

 Deg/Min/Sec  //;

 Grads  ;

 Radians  ;

 Surveyor's Units   .

        Direction.      Direction Control  . 1.13.




. 1.13.    



  ,   AutoCAD  .         .

      East  , North  , West  , South    Other  .        Angle:,                 ,     .




 





   QSAVE     File ? Save     Save CTRL+S    .  QSAVE    ,         .        ,  QSAVE   ,   SAVEAS.

 SAVE  SAVEAS       .  SAVE      ,  SAVEAS     File ? Save As.         File name:   Save Drawing As  . 1.14.




. 1.14.    



       BAK  DWG.   BAK-    .      DWG.      ,       ,           .

     .      Files of type:   Save Drawing As    AutoCAD Drawing Template (*.dwt).

        ,     SAVETIME   Open and Save   Options.      Tools ? Options.        Automatic save   File Safety Precautions           Minutes between saves.




   


        .        ,   ,     .           ,    .           .       ,         .

   ,            ,      .  ,   ,        .         .






       ,       .       PREVIEW,     File ? Plot Preview     Plot Preview    .                .     ,   ,           (. 1.15),         .




. 1.15.  



          Plot  Model (. 1.16).     PLOT,     File ? Plot     Plot (CTRL+P)    .




. 1.16.       



   Plot  Model   .

   Page setup    .  Add       .

   Printer/plotter  :

   Name:   ;

  Properties    ;

   Plot to file    .

   Paper size  .

   Number of copies   .

   Plot area   : Display  , Limits  , Window  ,  .

   Plot offset (origin set to printable area)      X  Y,   .

   Plot scale      :

 Fit to paper  ;

 Scale:  ;

 Scale lineweights    .

   Plot style table (pen assignments)    .

       Shaded viewport options :

 Shade plot    (  , ,  ; 3D-, 3D-, , ; , , , , , );

 Quality   (, , , , , ).

   Plot options   :

 Plot in background     ;

 Plot object lineweights    ;

 Plot with plot styles    ;

 Plot paperspace last    ;

 Hide paperspace objects    ;

 Plot stamp on   ;

 Save changes to layout   .

   Drawing orientation   :

 Portrait  ;

 Landscape  ;

 Plot upside-down  .

  Preview    .




  AutoCAD


   AutoCAD   QUIT,      File ? Exit CTRL+Q.

            AutoCAD.     ,         .          AutoCAD (. 1.17),   :  ,       .            ,    Save Drawing As  . . 1.14.




. 1.17.      




 2

  AutoCAD



 

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

 

 

 

 

  AutoCAD DesignCenter

   



 . 2.1.     AutoCAD  Windows.




. 2.1.   AutoCAD



    :

   Menu Browser  ,        A       (. 2.2);

   :

   Standard    Styles     ;

    Workspaces,  Layers   Properties   ;

   Draw,    Modify     ;

   Tool Palettes      ;

       ;

       ;

  ,     .




. 2.2.  




 


             .         Tools ? Customize ? Interface,        Customize User Interface   Customize,   Customizatios in All CUI Files   Menus (. 2.3).          ,    ,   ,             .




. 2.3.    



       :

 File     : , , ,   , ,     ,     , ,    .;

 Edit          ,      .;

 View   , , ,    ,      ,   , ,   ,    ;

 Insert    ,  ,   ;

 Format        ; ,  ;   , , , ;   ,   ,  ;

 Tools    ; ;         ;      ;    AutoLISP;     ;   ;   (  ,  ,    ,   ,  ,  ,   );           .;

 Draw      ;

 Dimension         ;

 Modify     ;

 Window      ;

 Help       .




 


 AutoCAD       .      ,       ,    .

         ,  ,        .            ,    .

     (float)   (dock),   .     ,        (. 2.4).     ,         .  ,         ,    .




. 2.4.   



         ,           .          ,         (. 2.5).




. 2.5.   



       ,   ,     ,       .






         ,            .            ,       ,    :

 Floating Toolbars/Panels    ;

 Docked Toolbars/Panels    ;

 Floating Windows   ;

 Docked Windows   ;

 All   : Locked  , Unlocked  ;

 Help  .

    ,     Ctrl.




  


  Standard   . 2.6.




. 2.6.   



   :






QNew     ;






Open (Ctrl+)    ;






Save (Ctrl+S)    ;






Plot (Ctrl+P)     ,    ;






Plot Preview        ,       ;






Publish        Design Web Format (DWF),    Publish;






3DDWF        Design Web Format (DWF);






Cut (Ctrl+X)           ;






Copy (Ctrl+C)        Windows      ;






Paste (Ctrl+V)      Windows;






Match Properties       ;






Block Editor   ;






Undo (Ctrl+Z)    ;






Redo (Ctrl+Y)      ;






Pan Realtime           ;






Zoom Realtime               ;






 Zoom    ,                ;






Zoom Previous      ;






Properties (Ctrl+1)      ;






DesignCenter (Ctrl+2)   ,   , , ,       ,   ,      ,   ,    ;






Tool Palettes Window (Ctrl+3)         ,     /   .    ,   ;






Sheet Set Manager (Ctrl+4)     ,               ,        ;






Markup Set Manager (Ctrl+7)    ,       DWF;






QuickCalc (Ctrl+8)  ;






Help    .




 


  Styles,   . 2.7,     ,    .




. 2.7.  



   :






Text Style        ;






Dimension Style        ;






Table Style        ;






Multileader Style        -.




  


 Workspaces,   . 2.8,     .




. 2.8.   



      ,    ,      .  ,       , ,    ,   .

 AutoCAD    :

 2D Drafting & Annotation    (. 2.9);




. 2.9.     



 3D Modeling    (. 2.10);




. 2.10.     



 AutoCAD Classic   AutoCAD (. . 2.1).

    ,   Workspaces   :

 Save Current As     Save Workspace,     ;

 Workspace settings     Workspace Settings,         ;

 Customize     Customize User Interface,     .

   Workspaces   :






Workspace Settings     Workspace Settings,         ;






My Workspace               .

  3D Modeling    ,        .      ,         ,         .       .  Model  Lauout     ,     .      ,       Model  Lauout.




 


  Layers,   . 2.11,    .




. 2.11.  



    :






Layer Properties Manager      Layer Properties Manager;






Layer Control     .           ,    .     ( ):

 Turn a layer On or Off  / ;

 Freeze or thaw in ALL viewports  /    ;

 Freeze or thaw in current viewport  /    ;

 Lock or Unlock a layer  / ;

 Color of layer   ;

 Layer Control   .






Make Object's Layer Current          ;






Layer Previous      ;






Layer States Manager     Layer States Manager.




  


   Properties,   . 2.12,     ,    .




. 2.12.   



    :






Color Control      ,      ;






Line Type Control       ,        ;






Line Weight Control       () ,       ;






Plot Styles Control      .         .

      ,    ()  .  ,         ,   ,       ,  ,    .   ,           .        .




 


  (. 2.13)      .




. 2.13.  



    ,    /  :






Snap Mode       ;






Grid Display      ;






Ortho Mode      ;






Polar Tracking       ;






Object Snap       ;






Object Snap Tracking         ;






Allow/Disallow Dynamic UCS        ;






Dynamic Input      ;






Show/Hide Lineweight            ();






Quick Properties      ;






Model or Paper space        ;






Quick View Layouts      ;






Quick View Drawins      ;






Pan   ;






Zoom   ;






SteeringWheel    Wheel;






ShowMotion    Motion.






  /          (. 2.14).                 Status Bar menu   ,  .




. 2.14.     



 Tray Settings    Tray Settings (. 2.15),     :

 Display icons from services    ;

 Display notifications from services     :

 Display time   ;

 Display until closed    .




. 2.15.     




  


       ;           AutoCAD.  ,  ,      .                .

          AutoCAD (. 2.16).       ,         .




. 2.16.    



       ,      (   )    (   ).   ,             .

    ,   .                   ,         .      ,      ,    .         ;          (. 2.17).




. 2.17.    



            AutoCAD.

      ,       .     : ?, ?, ?, ?, Insert, Delete, Home, End, Page Up, Page Down, Backspace.

         Ctrl+C,       ,  Ctrl+V,          .

            AutoCAD   ,      ,        ,  ,       Options.




 


          (command history)  ,    ,   . 2.18.      F2   TEXTSCR,      View ? Display ? Text Window F2.




. 2.18.  



    :      ,    ,  AutoCAD.          ?, ?, ?, ?, Page Up  .

          .              .




 


 AutoCAD 2009     .        Display   Options,     Tools ? Options.      Display screen menu   Window Elements.

  AutoCAD   .     ,     .          ,     AutoCAD.




 


         :

 F1     AutoCAD;

 F2       ;

 F3  Ctrl+F  /     OSNAP;

 F4     TABMODE;

 F5  Ctrl+E     ;

 F6  Ctrl+D  /  ,    UCSDETECT;

 F7  Ctrl+G  /   GRID,    GRIDMODE;

 F8  Ctrl+L  /    ORTHO,    ORTHOMODE;

 F9  Ctrl+B  /   SNAP,    SNAPMODE;

 F10  /    POLAR;

 F11  /     OTRACK;

 F12  /   DYN;

 Esc  Ctrl+[, Ctrl+\    ;

 Enter, Ctrl+M  Ctrl+J     ;

 Ctrl+A    ;

 ALT+ F11    Visual Basic;

 ALT+ F8     Macros;

 Ctrl+C       Windows;

 Ctrl+H  /   PICKSTYLE;

 Ctrl+I  /   COORDS;

 Ctrl+N    ,    Create New Drawing;

 Ctrl+O         Select File;

 Ctrl+P      ,    Plot  Model;

 Ctrl+R       ;

 Ctrl+S    ;

 Ctrl+T      ;

 Ctrl+V          ;

 Ctrl+X             ;

 Ctrl+Y      ;

 Ctrl+Z    ;

 Ctrl+ Shitf+A  / ;

 Ctrl+ Shitf+C         ;

 Ctrl+ Shitf+S     Save Drawing As;

 Ctrl+ Shitf+V          ;

 Ctrl+ Page Up        ;

 Ctrl+ Page Down        ;

 Ctrl+0  /   ;

 Ctrl+1  /    ;

 Ctrl+2  /   DesignCenter;

 Ctrl+3  /   ;

 Ctrl+4  /    ;

 Ctrl+5  /   INFO;

 Ctrl+6  /     ,   dbConnect Manager;

 Ctrl+7  /   ;

 Ctrl+8  /  ;

 Ctrl+9  /  .




 


              .                   ;       ,       (. . 2.4, 2.19).            .




. 2.19.   



             :

          .    ,   , ,  ,     ,  , ,         Options;

      - .   ,    ,       ;

              Shift.           ;

             .  ,    .          ;

         .  ,      ;

 OLE            OLE-.  ,   OLE-.

   ,   OLE  ,        .    ,     .            Enter.        .

    AutoCAD,   ,     :

                    .        /  ;

               .     ,  ,      ,      ;

            .       ,  ,     ,         ,         ;

            ,    ,          .         ;

  Model/Layout         Model     Layout.         ,    .




 





    TOOLPALETTES    Tools ? Palettes ? Tool Palettes (CTRL+3)     Tool Palettes Window (Ctrl+3)    .

     ,     Tool Palettes (. 2.20),          ,     ,   .




. 2.20.  



             :

                          ;

               (     Microsoft Windows NT);

          .

             .     ,        Ctrl.

        .        c   ,             .

  ,   ,   .   ,  ,    ,      .

,     ,     .         ,        .

                     . ,         ,        ,     1:100.            1:100.

     :

  ,         .     ,            ;

     ;

               Cut  , Copy    Paste  ;

       Command List:   Customize User Interface.

   .      ,       ,       ,        Create Tool Palette.

            .

       ,  ,         Read only.

      AutoCAD.          XTP.

   ,        ,       ,          Properties.       Tool Properties   (. 2.21):

      ;

       , ;

    , ,     .




. 2.21.     




  AutoCAD DesignCenter


          :  ,   -       ,      ,    . AutoCAD                 .  ,  ,     ,     (     ),    AutoCAD DesignCenter.

 ,      ,         , , ,      .      ,      .

  DesignCenter           :

      ,    -;

       , ,    ,  ,  ,      ;

       ,    ;

   ;

      .

  AutoCAD   ADCENTER,     Tools ? Palettes ? DesignCenter (Ctrl+2),     DesignCenter (Ctrl+2)     (. 2.22).




. 2.22.   DesignCenter



         , ,     ,   , ,    .          AutoCAD   ,   :     .           .

 ,     DesignCenter,       ,              .    ,     .    ,          .           .

    :

 Folders  ,     .  ,   ,     ,     ;

 Open Drawings  ,   ,    .    ,   ,  ,  ,   ,   ,         ;

 History  ,    ,     .           Folders         ;

 DC Online  -  ,      -,  ,  ,    -.

                     ,    .         ,       .




   


   ,    ,   ,  ,  AutoCAD,         ,            .  ,            .

  ,   ,             ,         ,         .

    ,        .   ,         .

      AutoCAD   :

           ,              ;

        ,          .   ,         ;

             (      AutoCAD),         .              ,     .

               AutoCAD    ,    ,       .     Search,        Search  . 2.23.




. 2.23.   



      ,       .      ,          . ,    ,      ,   .        ,    ,     (     ),       ,    Look for  Drawings and Blocks.       .      In       Browse      .      ,  ,        Search subfolders.

   Look for   Drawings,     Search   ,       :

 Drawings      , ,    .      ,     (  ,    . .);

 Date Modified            .      during the previous N month(s)    N   during the previous N day(s)    N .   AutoCAD     ;

 Advanced    .  , ,   ,     (  ,    ,      ).  ,         .        ,     .      (*  ?).

   Look for  ,   Drawings,     Search     :

 Blocks     ;

 Dimstyles      ;

 Drawings and Blocks       ;

 Hatch Pattern Files       ;

 Hatch Patterns      ;

 Layers     ;

 Layouts     ;

 Linetypes      ;

 Tablestyles      ;

 Textstyles      ;

 Xrefs      .

       Search Now.            .          New Search.           .

 ,         ,     .          .

          AutoCAD           ,        :

 Folders      ;

 Open Drawings   ,      AutoCAD;

 History    20 ,     AutoCAD;

 DC Online    .

  AutoCAD                     .     ,        ,        .

  ,          .   ,       .          AutoCAD,       ,      .

 ,     AutoCAD :

     ,   ,     AutoCAD,       -;

   ,        ,        ;

      ,   -;

          . , ,   ,       ,  ,      .             ;

     DWG-     ;

              ;

     (   ,   ).           .




 3

   AutoCAD



    

   

     

    

  

  

   

   

   

 



        AutoCAD,       .    . ,      ,       .      ,   .

    AutoCAD     Options,      Tools ? Options       ,       .   Options  10 ,  .




    


  Files   Options,   . 3.1,      ,   ,  ,     ,  AutoCAD.       ,            .




. 3.1.       



   Search paths, file names, and file locations:          :

 Support File Search Path      ;

 Working Support File Search Path      ;

 Device Driver File Search Path      ;

 Project Files Search Path      ;

 Customization Files   ;

 Help and Miscellaneous File Names       .;

 Text Editor, Dictionary, and Font File Names     ,   ;

 Print File, Spooler, and Prolog Section Names    ,      ;

 Printer Support File Path      ;

 Automatic Save File Location     ;

 Color Book Locations     ;

 Data Sources Location    ;

 Template Settings   ;

 Tool Palettes File Locations      ;

 Authoring Palette File Locations     ;

 Log File Location    ;

 Plot and Publish Log File Location      /;

 Temporary Drawing File Location     ;

 Temporary External Reference File Location       ;

 Texture Maps Search Path     ;

 Web File Search Path     -;

 i-drop Associated File Location       .




   


  Display   Options,   . 3.2,       AutoCAD.




. 3.2.      



     Window Elements   :

 Color Scheme:      ;

 Display scroll bars in drawing window  /  ;

 Display Drawing status bar  /   ;

 Display screen menu  /  ;

 Use large buttons for Toolbars       16 ? 15  24 ? 22 ;

 Show ToolTips  /     ;

 Show shortcut keys in ToolTips  /    ;

  Colors     Drawing Window Colors,       AutoCAD (. 3.3):




. 3.3.        AutoCAD



  Context:   ,       : 2D model space    , Sheet/layout  , 3D parallel projection    , 3D perspective projection    , Block editor   , Command line   , Plot preview   ;

  Interface element:    ,    .         , ,  ,  ,   ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,   ,  / ,   .       , ,   ,   ,     ,    .        ,   ,   ,   ,   ,     ,    .      , ,  ,  ,   ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  .        .      ;

  Color:      ;

  Restore current element    ;

  Restore current context    ;

  Restore all contexts    ;

   Preview:      ;

  Fonts     Command Line Window Font,       (. 3.4).     : Font:  , Font Style:    Size:  .   Sample Command Line Font     .




. 3.4.    



   Layout elements     :

 Display Layout and Model tabs     Layout  Model;

 Display printable area      ;

 Display paper background    ;

 Display paper shadow      ;

 Show Page Setup Manager for new layouts        ;

 Create viewport in new layouts        .

     Display resolution :

 Arc and circle smoothness      ;

 Segments in a polyline curve      ;

 Rendered object smoothness     ;

 Contour lines per surface     .

   Display performance    :

 Pan and zoom with raster & OLE         .        RTDISPLAY;

 Highlight raster image frame only        .       .        IMAGEHLT;

 Apply solid fill         .     .        FILLMODE;

 Show text boundary frame only      .       .        QTEXTMODE;

 Draw true silhouettes for solids and surfaces      .         .        DISPSILH.

   Crosshair size        .

   Reference Edit fading intensity     .




     


     Open and Save   Options   . 3.5.




. 3.5.        



     .

   File Save    :

   Save As:      ;

  Thumbnail Preview Setings     (. 3.6),     .  Save a thumbnail preview image     .  Generate Sheet, Sheet View and Model View Thumbnails       /.     Perfomance    Accuracy  ;




. 3.6.      



  Incremental save percentage     .

   File Safety Precautions     :

 Automatic save      ;

 Minutes between saves       ;

 Create backup copy with each save     ;

 Full-time CRC validation      ;

 Maintain a log file    ;

 File extension for temporary files      ;

  Security Options     ,     ,            ;

 Display digital signature information      .

   File Open : Number of recently-used files    ,    ,  Display full path in title      .

   External References (Xrefs)     :

   Demand load Xrefs:      .    : Disabled  , Enabled    Enabled with copy    ;

 Retain changes to Xref layers     ;

 Allow other users to Refedit current drawing      .

   ObjectARX Applications    :

     Demand load ObjectARX apps:    : Disable load on demand     , Custom object detect    , Command invoke     Object detect and command invoke      ;

       Proxy images for custom objects:    : Do not show proxy graphics    , Show proxy graphics     Show proxy bounding box    ;

 Show Proxy Information dialog box:       .




    


     Plot and Publish   Options  . 3.7.




. 3.7.       



   Default plot settings for new drawings        :

 Use as default output device     ;

 Use last successful plot settings     ;

  Add or Configure Plotters     .

   Plot to file    ,           ,          .

   Background processing options         : Plotting  , Publishing  .

   Plot and publish log file   :

 Automatically save plot and publish    ;

 Save one continuous plot log      ;

 Save one log per plot      .

   Auto publish  :

 Automatic DWF Publish    DWF-;

  Automatic DWF Publish Settings     Auto Publish Options.

      General plot options   :

 Keep the layout paper size if possible   ( )      ;

 Use the plot device paper size          ;

   System printer spool alert:     :

 Always alert (and log errors)   (  );

 Alert first time only (and log errors)     (  );

 Never alert (and log first error)   (  );

 Never alert (do not log errors)   (  );

   OLE plot quality:    OLE-:

 Monochrome (e.g. spreadsheet)   (, );

 Low graphics (e.g. color text !& pie charts)    (,  );

 High graphics (e.g. photograph)    (, );

 Automatically select   ;

 Use OLE application when plotting OLE objects    OLE-  OLE-;

 Hide system printers     .

   Specify plot offset relative to    :

 Printable area    ;

 Edge of paper    .

  Plot Stamp Settings    Plot Stamp,      (. 3.8):




. 3.8.    



  Plot stamp fields    :

 Drawing name   ;

 Layout name   ;

 Date and Time    ;

 Login name  ;

 Device name  ;

 Paper size   ;

 Plot scale   ;

   Preview   ;

   User defined fields   .  Add/Edit    User Defined Fields,     ;

   Plot stamp parameter file    .  Load  Save As     ;

  Advanced    Advanced Options (. 3.9),    :




. 3.9.    



   Location and offset    : Location:   ( ,  ,     ); Orientation:   (  ); Stamp upside-down   ; X offset     X; Y offset     Y; Offset relative to printable area     ; Offset relative to paper border     ;

   Text properties   . Font:  ; Height:  ; Single line plot stamp   ;

   Plot stamp units     (,   );

   Log file Location    . Create a log file     ;  Browse    .

  Plot Style Table Settings    ,      (. 3.10):




. 3.10.      



  Default plot style behavior for new drawing        :

 Use color dependent plot styles    ;

 Use named plot styles    ;

   Current plot style table settings     :

   Default plot style table      ;

   Default plot style for layer 0:        0;

   Default plot style for objects:       ;

  Add or Edit Plot Style Tables    .




  


    AutoCAD   System   Options  . 3.11.




. 3.11.     



   3D Perfomance    .  Perfomance Settings    Adaptive Degradation and Peromance Tuning (. 3.12),   :




. 3.12.       



  Adaptive degradation     :

 Degrade when FPS is below:  ,      ,     ;

 Degradation order:    .     ,     (,   ;  ; ;  ;  ; ;    ;   ;  ;  ;  ; ; ;  ; ;  ;  ;  ).    ;

 Learn about adaptive degradation       ;

   Hardware and performance tuning        .         ;

  View Tune Log    ;

  Manual Tune    Manual Perfomance Tuning (. 3.13),     : Enable hardware acceleration    ;  Driver name:    ;      (  ,   ,    ,   ).    : Discard back faces     ; Transparency quality:    (, , ).       Dynamic tessellation   : Surfaces:    , Curves:    ;  Number of tessellations to cache:    .  Reset to Recommended Values      ;




. 3.13.     



  Check for Updates   .

   Current Pointing Device    ,     : Digitizer only   , Digitizer and mouse    .

   Layout Regen Options   :

 Regen when switching layouts    ;

 Cache model tab and last layout      ;

 Cache model tab and all layouts      .

   dbConnect Options      :

 Store Links index in drawing file      ;

 Open tables in read-only mode      .

   General Options   :

 Display OLE Text Size Dialog       OLE-;

 Beep on error in user input          ;

 Load acad.lsp with every drawing    acad.lsp   ;

 Allow long symbol names      .

   Live Enabler Options    :

 Check Wed for Live Enablers      ;

 Maximum number of unsuccessful checks      .




  


  User Preferences   Options         (. 3.14).




. 3.14.     



   Windows Standard Behavior    Windows:

 Double click editing     ;

 Shortcut menus in drawing area       ;

  Right-click Customizations     ,   ,        (. 3.15):




. 3.15.      



 Turn on time-sensitive right-click    : Quick click for ENTER     ENTER; Longer click to display Shortcut Menu      ; Longer click duration:   ;

   Default Mode   .    ,    : Repeat Last Command    , Shortcut Menu   ;

   Edit Mode   .   ,    : Repeat Last Command    , Shortcut Menu   ;

   Command Mode   .   ,    : ENTER, Shortcut Menu: always enabled     , Shortcut Menu: enabled when command options are present   , ,    .

   Insertion scale   .     ,  :

 Source content units:     (, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,  ,  , );

 Target drawing units:     (, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,  ,  , ).

   Fields  :

  Display background of fields    ;

  Field Update Settings    ,       (. 3.16):




. 3.16.     



 Open  ;

 Save  ;

 Plot  ;

 eTransmit   ;

 Regen  .

   Priority for Coordinate Data Entry    :

 Running object snap   ;

 Keyboard entry   ;

 Keyboard entry except scripts    ( ).

   Associative Dimensioning    .

    Hyperlink  ,    .

   Undo/Redo ,      .

  Lineweight Settings    ,      (. 3.17):




. 3.17.      



Lineweights   ;

 Units for Listing    : Millimeters (mm)  , Inches (in)  ;

 Display Lineweight       .    Default       ;

 Adjust Display Scale    .

  Edit Scale List    ,     (. 3.18).




. 3.18.     




   


   Drafting   Options,   . 3.19,    .




. 3.19.      



   AutoSnap Settings    :

 Marker  ;

 Magnet  ;

 Display AutoSnap tooltip    ;

 Display AutoSnap aperture box   ;

  Colors    Drawing Window Colors (. . 3.3),     .

   AutoSnap Marker Size    .

   Object Snap Options    :

 Ignore hatch objects   ;

 Replace Z value with current elevation    Z    ;

 Ignore negative Z object snaps for Dynamic UCS           Z.

   AutoTrack Settings    :

 Display polar tracking vector     ;

 Display full-screen tracking vector     ;

 Display AutoTrack tooltip    .

   Alignment Point Acquisition     :

 Automatic  ;

 Shift to acquire     Shift.

   Aperture Size   .

  Drafting Tooltip Settings    Tooltip Appearance (. 3.20),    :




. 3.20.      



Model Preview         ;

 Layout Preview         ;

  Colors     Drawing Window Colors (. . 3.3),    ;

 Size    ;

 Transparency    ;

 Override OS settings for all drafting tooltips         ;

 Use settings only for Dynamic Input tooltips        .

  Lights Glyph Settings    Light Glyph Appearance (. 3.21),     :




. 3.21.      



Glyph Preview       : Point   , Spot  ;

  Edit Glyph Colors    Drawing Window Colors (. . 3.3),       ;

 Glyph Size:      .

  Cameras Glyph Settings    Camera Glyph Appearance (. 3.22),    :




. 3.22.     



 Edit Glyph Colors    Drawing Window Colors (. . 3.3),      ;

 Glyph Size:     .




   


     3D Modeling   Options,   . 3.23,    .




. 3.23.      



   3D Crosshairs    :

 Show Z axis in crosshairs    Z  ;

 Label axes in standard crosshairs      ;

 Show labels for dynamic UCS     ;

 Crosshair labels      : Use X, Y, Z   X, Y, Z; Use N, E, z   N, E, z; Use custom labels    .

   Display ViewCube or UCS Icon     :

 Display UCS Icon in 2D model space        ;

 Display in 3D model space        .

   Display Input    :

 Show Z field for pointer input      Z.

   3D Objects    :

   Visual Style while creating 3D objects       : ByViewport    , 2D Wireframe   , 3D Hidden   , 3D Wireframe   , Conceptual  , Realistic  ;

   Deletion control while creating 3D objects       :

 Retain defining geometry    ;

 Delete profile curves    ;

 Delete profile and path curves      ;

 Prompt to delete profile curves       ;

 Prompt to delete profile and path curves     ;

 U isolines on surfaces and meshes    U-    ;

 V isolines on surfaces and meshes    V-    .

   3D Navigation   :

 Reverse mouse wheel zoom      ;

  Walk and Fly     Walk and Fly Settings (. 3.24),      :




. 3.24.       



   Settings     : When entering walk and fly modes        , Once per session    , Never   .   Display Position Locator window      ;

   Current drawing settigs    : Walk/fly step size:    /   , Steps per second:     ;

  Animation     Animation Settings (. 3.25),    :




. 3.25.     



   Settings  : Visual style:    (, ;  ,  , , ; , , , , ), Resolution:  , Frame rate (FPS):     , Format:  .




   


     Selection   Options,   . 3.26,    .




. 3.26.      



   Pickbox Size   .

   Selection Preview     :

 When a command is active    ;

 When no command is active     ;

  Visual Effect Settings     (. 3.27),     :




. 3.27.      



   Selection Preview Effect      : Dash  , Thicken    , Both   .  Advanced Options    Advanced Preview Options (. 3.28),          : Exclude objects on locked layers      . : Xrefs   , Tables  , Groups  , Multiline text   , Hatches  ;




. 3.28.        



   Area Selection Effect     : Indicate selection area   , Window selection color:    , Crossing selection color:     , Selection area opacity:     .

   Selection Modes   :

 Noun/verb selection   ;

 Use Shift to add to selection    Shift  ;

 Press and drag   ;

 Implied windowing     ;

 Object grouping   ;

 Associative Hatch   .

   Grip Size   .

   Grips   :

 Unselected grip color:    ;

 Selected grip color:    ;

 Hover grip color:     ;

 Enable grips   ;

 Enable grips within blocks    ;

 Enable grip tips    ;

 Object selection limit for display of grips        .




 


 Profiles   Options            (. 3.29).      AutoCAD,    .     ;      . ,      ,       .   AutoCAD        Unnamed Profile.             Options.




. 3.29.    



  Profiles    :

     Available Profiles:      ;

   Set Current       ;

   Add to List    ;

    Renane    ;

    Delete    ;

    Export        ARG-;

     Import       ARG-;

  Reset   .




 4

 



 

  

   

     

  

  

   

  

  

 

   

     

     

    




 


  AutoCAD  ,     -   .  AutoCAD      ,   LIMITS.   ,       , AutoCAD  :



** Outside limits   


   .

                14  .

   AutoCAD    :

   ,    ;

     (),        .       .

 ,   ,    ,     .     :

 ,           ;

 ,        ;

   ,  <,              ,    .

           COORDS.  0   , 1  , 2  .

      (,     )    ID.      ,      .

           LIST.             .     ,     ,      .               .

     :

  ,        X  Y.        F8,    




Ortho Mode   ;

     ,       X  Y.          F9,    




Snap Mode   .    ,              .

           .    AutoCAD      ,   World Coordinate System (WCS).   ,   OX   ,  OY   ,  OZ   , .  ,         ,   User Coordinate System (UCS),      /    .      ,          .

    . AutoCAD     ,    ,  ,   .               (*).




  


            ,     ,            .          




Dynamic Input.

    :

      ;

       .

         Drafting Settings,  Dynamic Input (. 4.1),      Tools ? Drafting Settings              Dynamic Input    Settings.




. 4.1.     



     .

 Enable Pointer Input      .

 Enable Dimension Input where possible    ,  .

   Pointer Input  Settings    Pointer Input Settings (. 4.2),       :




. 4.2.        



  Format          :

 Polar format   ;

 Cartesian format   ;

 Relative coordinates   ;

 Absolute coordinates   ;

   Visibility     :

 As soon as I type coordinate data      ;

 When a command asks for a point       ;

 Always  even when not in command  ,     .

   Dimension Input  Settings        Dimension Input Settings (. 4.3),      :




. 4.3.      



Show only 1 dimension input field at a time         ;

 Show 2 dimension input fields at a time        ;

 Show the following dimension input fields simultaneously:        :

 Resulting Dimension   ;

 Length Change   ;

 Absolute Angle   ;

 Angle Change   ;

 Arc Radius   .

   Dynamic Prompts    :

 Show command prompting and command input near the crosshairs            ;

           ? ( ).

  Drafting Tooltip Appearance    Tooltip Appearance (. 4.4),       :




. 4.4.        



Model Preview    ;

 Layout Preview    ;

 Colors       Drawing Window Colors (. . 3.3);

 Size   ;

 Transparency   ;

 Override OS settings for all drafting tooltips         ;

 Use settings only for Dynamic Input tooltips        ;

  Options    ,  Drafting (. . 3.19).

               ,       ,         TAB       .       ,         .     ,      #.




   



       XY,     .           .

      :

  () .             : X, Y  Z.               ,    (+  -).            World Coordinate System (WCS), ,  X  ,  Y  ,   Z   XY;

  .     ,       ,    ,     ,        .       .  0     OX.

       .              : @dx,dy   , @r<A   .

       ,      .




.    


 ,      (. 4.5).




. 4.5.  






    LINE,      Draw ? Line     Line    Draw.   :



_LINE

Specify first point: 40,20   1

Specify next point or [Undo]: 190,20   2

Specify next point or [Undo]: 190,100   3

Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: 130,40   4

Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: 130,100   5

Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: Close   





.    


 ,   . 4.5,     .






    LINE,      Draw ? Line     Line    Draw.     ( @      Shift+2):



_LINE

Specify first point: 40,20   1

Specify next point or [Undo]: @150,0    2   1

Specify next point or [Undo]: @0,80    3   2

Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: @-60,-60    4   3

Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: @0,60    5   4

Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: Close   





.    


 ,      (. . 4.5).






    LINE,      Draw ? Line     Line    Draw.   :



_LINE

Specify first point: 40,20   1

Specify next point or [Undo]: @150<0    2    1

Specify next point or [Undo]: @80<90    3   2

Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: @85<-135    4   3

Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: @60<90    5   4

Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: Close   





     


       ,        .       ,  ,      ,      ARRAY,  MEASURE    DIVIDE.                       . ,     ,             .           .




  


    ,       X  Y       Z.            ,     ,       .

           .       x, y  z       World Coordinate System (WCS),    User Coordinate System (UCS).




  


      AutoCAD        .      Z        X  Y,           .

                     X,      Y.      ,    . 4.6 ,        Z.




. 4.6.   



                  ,    . 4.6 .      ,   .




   


   (x, y, z)    (x, y).      X  Y        Z.     AutoCAD    ,      x  y,  ,    z      (  THICKNESS).            , :



3,5,2


  ,      ,      (   ),   (    ).      @    ,         .




  



        .   ,   z   Z,   XY.         (        )     XY,    X       XY.    .

 . 4.7     7<30,5.      7        XY,   30   X   XY    Z,  5.      ,   ,         .




. 4.7.   




.    


        ,  .    , ,    .       3DPOLY   .



_3DPOLY

Specify start point of polyline: 0,0,0   1

Specify endpoint of line or [Undo]: @40<45,20   2

Specify endpoint of line or [Undo]: @40<135,20   3

Specify endpoint of line or [Close/Undo]: @40<-135,20   4

Specify endpoint of line or [Close/Undo]: @40<-45,20   5

Specify endpoint of line or [Close/Undo]: @40<45,20   6

Specify endpoint of line or [Close/Undo]: @40<135,20   7

Specify endpoint of line or [Close/Undo]: @40<-135,20   8

Specify endpoint of line or [Close/Undo]: @40<-45,20   9

Specify endpoint of line or [Close/Undo]: Close   


     ,         .        ,            ?  ?   . ,    @40<45,20  ,     ? (    ),      Enter.        :         ?  ?,           Backspace.




  



            .          ,    X   XY     XY.     <.    .

 . 4.8     7<30<45.      7     ,   30   X   XY    45   XY.




. 4.8.   




.   


         , ,      . .,      ,    .     3DPOLY    ,   ,    50 .



_3DPOLY

Specify start point of polyline: 50<20<-20   1

Specify endpoint of line or [Undo]: 50<30<5   2

Specify endpoint of line or [Undo]: 50<15<20   3

Specify endpoint of line or [Close/Undo]: 50<-15<20   4

Specify endpoint of line or [Close/Undo]: 50<-30<5   5

Specify endpoint of line or [Close/Undo]: Close   





 


                  .           .       ,    .        :



<>


 <>    x, y, z    .

    : .x, .y, .z, .xy, .xz  .yz. , ,  .x, AutoCAD       Y  Z.

            .




   


   ,  AutoCAD :    World Coordinate System, WCS,     User Coordinate System, UCS.  X     ,  Y  ,   Z    XY.        X  Y;         .         ,    .       .

         ,         (     )   .         .               .  ,      .        ,      .         .          .     ,     SNAP,  GRID    ORTHO,    .

        XY    .          .           ,        ,    ,   .

      XY        X  Y.          ,     .         UCSICON.          , , ,          (. 4.9).




. 4.9.    



         (. 4.10).




. 4.10.    



   (+)            .          /       ,        .            ,        .

       ,   XY    .                 z,      .                  :    ,          .




     


      :

    XY    Z;

    ;

     ;

     ;

     ;

       ;

   XY       Z ;

        ;

       ;

    .

, ,           UCS.                Tools ? New UCS.         UCS  . 4.11.




. 4.11.   UCS






UCS      .   UCS:



Current ucs name: *WORLD*   

Specify origin of UCS or [Face/NAmed/OBject/Previous/View/World/X/Y/Z/ZAxis] <World>:   







World      ;






UCS Previous    .       ;






Face UCS          ;






Object       ;






View        ,         XY,    ( ,  );






Origin      ;






Z Axis Vector      ;






3Point         X  Y   ;






X       X;






Y       Y;






Z       Z;






Apply        .

         ,      UCSFOLLOW;        .

   ,         .

     .

 UCSXDIR, UCSYDIR    X  Y   .     .

 UCSNAME    .

 WORLDUCS  1,        ,  0    .

 UCSORG         .






       DDUCS,     Tools ? Named UCS     Named UCS    UCSII.   Named UCSs   UCS        .

 ,     Named UCSs   UCS,         .  . 4.12   Named UCSs        .     ,            Set Current.




. 4.12.     



     ,        Unnamed  .                .     World  Previous         ,    .       ,   ,       ,    .        ,       UCS   Named UCSs.

              Delete.

    Details     UCS Details,                     (. 4.13).




. 4.13.   UCS Details




     


      . ,          , ,   .    ,          .                 .

         UCSVP.        0,             .       UCSVP   1,              .

 Settings   UCS       .           ,         .    ,         ,   ,           .




    



        ,    ,    ,      UCS,   Orthographic UCSs,   . 4.14.         DDUCSP,     Tools ? Named UCS.




. 4.14.    



              ,   ,      .  DDUCSP              .

 AutoCAD     : , , , ,   .        .

              .                      ( X  ,  Y  ).       ,      .




.   


              .               W.  ,        ,    (+).






  UCS,      Tools ? New UCS ? Origin     Origin    UCS.   :



_UCS

Current ucs name: *WORLD*   

Specify origin of UCS or [Face/NAmed/OBject/Previous/View/World/X/Y/Z/ZAxis]

<World>: _o       

Specify new origin point <0,0,0>: 195,140      


    :



_UCS

Current ucs name: *NO NAME*   

Specify origin of UCS or [Face/NAmed/OBject/Previous/View/World/X/Y/Z/ZAxis]

<World>: _z        Z

Specify rotation angle about Z axis <90>: 30      Z  







        UCS,      Tools ? New UCS ? World     World    UCS.   :



_UCS

Current ucs name: *NO NAME*   

Specify origin of UCS or [Face/NAmed/OBject/Previous/View/World/X/Y/Z/ZAxis]

<World>: _w      





 5

 



   

  

 

 

 

 () 

 

  

  

  



        .        .       ,  ,    () ,  .          ,    .       .       .         ,     .  ()           .             .

,      ,     Layers  Properties (. . 2.11  2.12).




   


      . ,      , ,  ,    ,   . .,    ,    . .  ,    ,      .

    ,       .      , ,  ()    .       ,   .          .

,        ,         CENTER. ,     ,         .  ,             .  ,      .            AutoCAD    .

        ,         .    -           .           ,      .  -    ,   ,        .     ,      .






         Layer Properties Manager,   . 5.1.      Format ? Layer     Layer Properties Manager    Layers.




. 5.1.    



      ,  0,    ,    Continuous,  ()  Default,     0.25 mm.        .

   :

 Status   .    ;

 Name   .   - ,     ;

 On   .        ,    ,            ;

 Freeze   .           ,   ;

 Lock   .     ,    .     ,   ,           ;

 Color     ;

 Linetype   ,     ,  ;

 Lineweight   () ,     ,  ;

 Plot Style      ;

 Plot  /    ;

 New VP Freeze     ;

 Description   .






        New Layer (Alt+N),         Layer Properties Manager,   . 5.1.

 ,    Layer1.       Layer2, Layer3  . .    .     ,          ,          Enter.

        ,      .       .

    AutoCAD     .                ,    .         .






     ,       Status       Set Current (Alt+C),         Layer Properties Manager  . . 5.1.

        Status        CLAYER.

    ,           (. 5.2).




. 5.2.   






 ,     .      ,      Make Objects Layer Current    Layers.

   ,      Layer Properties Manager,      .      , , , ,  ()    .          ,     .        ,  ,   .




  


AutoCAD     ,    ,      .              ,      .  ,        ,    ,     ,      .

            .      ,        .       ZOOM,  PAN  VPORTS,         .       ,   .           .             . ,              .         ,        .                  .   ,      ,    ,   .      ,         .

         .       ,       .

     ,        .     ,   ,   ,         .        .

        Layer Properties Manager,   . 5.1,             On.          Freeze.

 ,             Layers (. . 5.2).

     ,  .   , ,   ,       .         .       ,    .            .          Layer Properties Manager  . . 5.1.      ,         ,     Plot.




 


     ,    ,    ,       .      .    ,     .          .

                  .      ,          .

        Layer Properties Manager,   . 5.1,          Layers (. . 5.2)    Lock  .




 


       ,      .

        Layer Properties Manager,   . 5.1.       Color  .      Select Color,       . 5.3.




. 5.3.    



    ,         1  255     AutoCAD Color Index (ACI).         1  7 (1  , 2  , 3  , 4  , 5  , 6  , 7  /).

   True Color    16  .      : RGB    , ,    ,  HSL    ,    .

    ,     .

 ,      ByLayer     ByBlock   . ByLayer ,        ,    . ByBlock ,         ,      .       ,    .

        Color Books   Select Color (. 5.4),    ,          .




. 5.4.    




 


          .       .      ,   .         .       .

    ,     ,            ,    .

         Layer Properties Manager.       Linetype  .     Select Linetype,   . 5.5,    .       ,   ,    Load       Load or Reload Linetypes    (. 5.6), ,     Select Linetype,       .




. 5.5.     






. 5.6.      



  ByLayer ,         ,    .   ByBlock ,      (continuous) .      ,    ,   ,     .

   ,   ,    .           . AutoCAD     .   ,      .

            LTSCALE.        CELTSCALE,       .               PSLTSCALE.

          Linetype Manager    Format ? Linetype     Show details     (. 5.7).




. 5.7.   



  Details     :

 Name:  ;

 Description:  ;

 Use paper space units for scaling      ;

 Global scale factor:   ;

 Current object scale:   ;

 ISO pen width:     ISO.

         .  -       ,    .       LIN-  .      ByLayer, ByBlock  Continuous,    ,    .

       .     ByLayer  ByBlock     .         ,  ,   .

      AutoCAD,   , ,  ,  , ,    .         ,     .

                    .      PLINEGEN.




 () 


             ,    .        :     , , ,    .

            LWT.

       Layer Properties Manager (. . 5.1).       Lineweight  ,       Lineweight      (. 5.8).




. 5.8.     



       ,        Default.     Default   0,25  (0,01 ),      LWDEFAULT.

           ,        ,    .  ,      0,025  (0,01 ),        .   ,    ,     .

                 .           Default     Lineweight Settings,   . 5.9.             LWT       Settings   ,    Lineweight Settings   User Preferences   Options,    LWEIGHT.




. 5.9.      



    (  ),       ,    LWUNITS.

          .           ,      .               .                      .    ,             .    0         .      ( )     .

  ,      ,             .      .         , ,    .                    .

       ,          . ,       ,           ,         .

           ,      .            .  ,          ,     .        ,   ,    0,025  (0,01 ),           AutoCAD.        ,    ,  .     AutoCAD               .

     True Type,  ,      .




 


 ,         Layer Properties Manager    .         .       :

  ,    ,     ,  ;

    /;

    /;

    /;

    / ;

  /    ;

  /     .

,    ,         Layer Properties Manager (. . 5.1).






New Property Filter (Alt+P)     Layer Filter Properties,        (. 5.10).




. 5.10.      






New Group Filter (Alt+G)     .






Layer States Manager (Alt+S)      Layer States Manager (. 5.11).




. 5.11.   



   Layer properties to restore    :

 On/Off  /;

 Frozen/Thawed  /;

 Visibility in Current VP      ;

 Locked/Unlocked  /;

 Plot/No Plot  /;

 Color  ;

 Linetype   ;

 Lineweight   ;

 Plot Style   ;

 New VP Frozen/Thawed  /    ;

 Turn off layers not found in layer state   ,   .

           Layer Properties Manager    (. 5.12),   :




. 5.12.    



 Visibility   (, , , );

 Lock  /;

 Viewport   ;

 Isolate Group    (  ,    );

 New Properties Filter     Layer Filter Properties,        (. . 5.10);

 New Group Filter    ;

 Convert to Group Filter     ;

 Rename  ;

 Delete  ;

 Properties      PROPERTIES.

           Layer Properties Manager    (. 5.13),   :




. 5.13.     



 Show Filter Tree    ;

 Show Filter in Layer List     ;

 Set current  ;

 New Layer   ;

 Rename Layer   ;

 Delete Layer   ;

 Change Description   ;

 Remove From Group Filter     ;

 New Layer VP Frozen All Viewports         ;

 VP Freeze Layer in All Viewports       ;

 VP Thaw Layer in All Viewports       ;

 Select All   ;

 Clear All   ;

 Select All but Current   ,  ;

 Invert Selection   ;

 Invert Layer Filter   ;

 Layer Filters    (,   );

 Save Layer States         New Layer State to Save;

 Restore Layer State      Layer States Manager   .




  


     ,     .        ,    ,     ByLayer.       ByLayer,        ,    . ,    ,    ,   Continuous,   0.25 mm    Default,        .    ByLayer,     ,  ,  ,     ,      .  ,          (, ,    . .)   ,    .

 ,     ,  ,     ,     ,    .     -   (,    )      ByLayer  ByBlock.            ,        ByLayer.

   ByBlock         ,       .            ,    .

 :        ,   .  ,     ,       .         ,    .     ,    ,   ByLayer,    ,    ,             .     ,    ,   ByBlock,           ,     (     ).

     ,          .

  ,       ,   , ,      .     ,       ,    ,         .   ,     ,          .




  





 MATCHPROP        .      Modify ? Match Properties     Match Properties   .

  , ,  ,   ,  ,  ,     .

         ,      .       Match Properties   ,  ,    .        ,     Settings.

     Property Settings (. 5.14),    .




. 5.14.    



   Basic Properties    :

 Color  ;

 Layer  ;

 Linetype   ;

 Linetype Scale    ;

 Lineweight   ;

 Thickness  ;

 PlotStyle   .

   Special Properties    :

 Dimension  ;

 Polyline  ;

 Material  ;

 Text  ;

 Viewport   ;

 Shadow display   ;

 Hatch  ;

 Table  ;

 Multileader  -.




  





   PROPERTIES,   . 5.15,   ,      .     40    ,        AutoCAD.    PROPERTIES,     Modify ? Properties,     Properties (Ctrl+1)    .




. 5.15.   



   Properties         ,      .        ,      ,     , ,    , .

      ,      .       Toggle value of PICKADD Sysvar    Select Objects  Quick Select.

   .

 General  ,  :

 Color  ;

 Layer  ;

 Linetype   ;

 Linetype scale    ;

 Lineweight   ;

 Thickness  .

 3D Visualization   ,  :

 Material  ;

 Shadow display   .

 Plot style   ,  :

 Plot style   ;

 Plot style table    ;

 Plot table attached to     ;

 Plot table type    .

 View  ,  :

 Center X   X;

 Center Y   Y;

 Center Z   Z;

 Height  ;

 Width  .

 Misc  ,  :

 Annotation scale  ;

 UCS icon On    ;

 UCS icon at origin      ;

 UCS per viewport      ;

 UCS Name   ;

 Visual Style    .

   Properties      ;     .    ,      ,       .     , ,  ,   ,  ,  , , .




 6

 







    Aerial View

  

   



 AutoCAD       .  ,                  .   ,    ,   ,     ;               .  ,               .







    ,     ,   .           AutoCAD  ,           .

        ,    ,        (. 6.1, 6.2).




. 6.1.   






. 6.2.   



            ,    .  AutoCAD     ,       ,   /         .

    ZOOM,     View ? Zoom,    . 6.3,         Zoom (. 6.4).




. 6.3.     






. 6.4.        



  ZOOM:



Specify corner of window, enter a scale factor (nX or nXP), or [All/Center/Dynamic/Extents/Previous/Scale/Window/Object] <real time>:    ,  ,     (///////)


 ZOOM       .       .






Zoom Realtime          .

 ZOOM   real time         .                .

              View ? Zoom ? Realtime (. . 6.3),     Zoom Realtime     (. . 6.4),    ZOOM      real time.         ZOOM.    Enter            .

         ,         .            ,       100 %,          .

   ,  .    ,       ,    ,      .

        ,     Enter,      Esc.

      ,        .             ,         ( )  .               ,      .

          (+)    ,         .        (   )       ().          .






Zoom Window       .            View ? Zoom ? Window     Zoom Window    .        .             .         ,         .  ZOOM   Window   :



Specify corner of window, enter a scale factor (nX or nXP), or [All/Center/Dynamic/Extents/Previous/Scale/Window/Object] <real time>: _w

Specify first corner:     

Specify opposite corner:     







Zoom Dynamic     .     View ? Zoom ? Dynamic     Zoom Dynamic    .       .  ZOOM   Dynamic      ,   .             .          ;      .      ,     ,      ,     ?.           .    Enter ,    ,    .            ,     .         ,   ,    (     ).






Zoom Scale     .     View ? Zoom ? Scale     Zoom Scale    .      ,          .           :

   ;

   ;

    .

 ZOOM   Scale   :



Specify corner of window, enter a scale factor (nX or nXP), or [All/Center/Dynamic/Extents/Previous/Scale/Window/Object] <real time>: _s

Enter a scale factor (nX or nXP):    


       ,     . ,   1,          .       .             .   2,    ,    1,    0.5   .

            x. ,         2x,      0.5x.  1x   .






Zoom Center              .     View ? Zoom ? Center     Zoom Center    .  ZOOM   Center   :



Specify corner of window, enter a scale factor (nX or nXP), or [All/Center/Dynamic/Extents/Previous/Scale/Window/Object] <real time>: _c

Specify center point:    

Enter magnifi cation or height:     


        .       .        ,       x.                   xp.






Zoom Object   ,    .     View ? Zoom ? Object     Zoom Object    .  ZOOM   Object        ,     ,    :



Specify corner of window, enter a scale factor (nX or nXP), or [All/Center/Dynamic/Extents/Previous/Scale/Window/Object] <real time>: _o

Select objects:   







Zoom In   .     View ? Zoom ? In     Zoom In    .  ZOOM   2x   :



Specify corner of window, enter a scale factor (nX or nXP), or [All/Center/Dynamic/Extents/Previous/Scale/Window/Object] <real time>: 2x







Zoom Out   .     View ? Zoom ? Out     Zoom Out    .  ZOOM   .5x   :



Specify corner of window, enter a scale factor (nX or nXP), or [All/Center/Dynamic/Extents/Previous/Scale/Window/Object] <real time>: .5x







Zoom All         ,   .     View ? Zoom ? All     Zoom All    .  ZOOM   All      .       ,      .     .       ,      .           .






Zoom Extents   ,     .     View ? Zoom ? Extents     Zoom Extents    .  ZOOM   Extents           ,    .      ;        . ,   ZOOM                   ,         .






Zoom Previous     .     View ? Zoom ? Previous     Zoom Previous    .          ,       .         ZOOM   Previous.        ,     .

 AutoCAD     10  .     ,     ,    ,         .










Pan Realtime     .

 PAN     .           .             Pan Realtime    ,       View ? Pan ? Realtime.

           PAN.

            ,    ,     .         ,            .           -.

               ;      Enter  Esc.




    Aerial View


 DSVIEWER     Aerial View,        .   Aerial View,   . 6.5,     View ? Aerial View.               .   Aerial View    ,     ,      .




. 6.5.   



     AutoCAD     ,       .  Aerial View       AutoCAD.

       .       .        .

  Aerial View,       ,  ,     , .          AutoCAD   .

        Aerial View   .         ,    .              .

          .          .




  


     ,     .  ,      ,     (            )     .  ,   ,  .




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