,   
  


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  a4.pdf   .





,   

   



A GAME AS OLD AS EMPIRE

Edited by Steven Hiatt



 Berrett-Koehler Publishers, Inc., 2007

  ,  , 2014

 ,  ,   , 2015






    

 


        ,     ,      .




    ,         .      ,         ,    ,        ,     .       ,  , , ,   .    ,   ,  ,   ,      .

   .     .


        ,     .           2004 ,  ,        ,    .       ,     .   ,       .

      .        ,     .

  2003             .       , , , ,    ,     (   25),  .      ,      (       ,     ,         ).  ,            .

,        Berrett-Koehler.     .             Amazon.com,          .    14      20 .        ,   Penguin/Plume        .

   ,   - .      ,   ,        ,   뻠     . New York Times              ,    (, ,      ),      15        . ?

,        .    ,   ,              ,      .        .    ,      -, ,      ,     .    :       ?     ?      ?

   ,  ,   .   ,   ,    .      ;   ,         ;       ;           ;           ;   ,      ;             ;           ,   ,      .

        ,           (    ),         ,       .             ,               (Joseph Stiglitz).    :   (Globalization and Its Discontents)  :



    ( )  ,   ,        .   ,    ,   ,       .                  ,     .    ,         .[1 - Joseph E. Stiglitz, Globalization and Its Discontents (New York: Norton, 2003), p. 232.]

,   ,            .          ,      .[2 -  , .247248.]


,            ( 2004   2005 )    ,     ,        2006     .      .  ,      .             ,         : , :    ,     (When Corporations Rule the World)  ,    (Hegemony or Survival)  ,   (Sorrows of Empire)      (Bush Agenda)  ,       (The Constant Gardner),  (Syriana),   (Hotel Rwanda),     (Cool Night and Good Luck)   (Munich).          ,       .

          ,      ,                 ,        ,   ,    ,     .      ,      .    ,   :     ?       ?    ,    Berrett-Koehler       ,    .       ,            .

      ,        .        1981 ,    .   ,      ,    .      ;       .    ,      -  .[3 -     ,   , .: Jeff Faux, The Party of Davos, Nation, January 26, 2006.]       ,           ,        ,    ,     ().    :     ,   ,    ,   ,    1980-.

       ,               .      ,    ,         .     ,    .     ;                       .      ,  ,   ,     :        ;          ;          ;       ;     ,      ,      .

,     ,          ,          .    ,     .   ,  ,   ,   .       .    ,      ,     ,  ,         ,   ,       ,   .

   ,     ,     .   (The Pentagon Papers)      ,     .    (Enron)  WorldCom,        ,                   .      ,       : ,    ,      ,   .

   .          -  - .       (    ),          ,         .        ,    ,   ,    , .  ,       ,    - .   ,          ,     ,     .   ,       ,     .

       (Steve Piersanti),      Berrett-Koehler,    ,  ,    .         ,        ,       ,     .             ,     .

 ,     ,         .

        ,    .           (Steven Hiatt),  ,      ,     .             ,              , Bank of America       .      ,        .

      ,     . ,   :        ?     ?,        .        19  2006 ,  New York Times               -.  ,              .               ,   .       ,     ,      ,    .        ,       .       ,          :     ,          ,       ,    ,   ,     ,      ,     .

     (Global Empire)      ,          .       .    .

    Cleveland Trust ,       ,  ,         .           -,          ,   ,     .




     


   

     ,   . ,            ,        2,5  ,        .         .      ,           ,    .









           ,    -,        ,     ,      ,     .         ,        (  );        ,      .

 -  (Bank of Credit and Commerce International, BCCI)      /  .    ,         ,     -.     BCCI:                  13  .

            ,       4      .           ,     ,   .              ,      ,        .

 30%        ,  ,  ,                .                .                ,              .

  ,          ,              .              ,       200  ,      .          ,      .

  ?          ,        .     100        ,            .

 1970-          .         ,            ,        .

     :    ,         .                ()    ,       ,    ,       .

            ,     40    18   .       . ,   , ,                    .

      ,    ,         ,       :  ,   ,  ,        .

         .     .    - .  ,         .        ,        ,    .    ,   .

          ,        .           ,       .     ,  ,   ,    ,   ,  ,          ,     .

  ,  ,          . -    24000     ;  ,   ,   ,   ,  ,       .         2   ,           .  ,         ,      .

    .      ,         ,      ,   .          ,    .    ?    ?

         .      ,     .                ,     .       -    .    24000,    ,    .        , ,  , ,    ,   - ,  ,   ;   ;    ;    ,      ;   ,    ,   ,   ,          ;  ;       ;        ,     .        ,   .     .

           ,   .     .        ,                ,        . ,        ,       ,       .  ,          ,   ,          .  ,   ,    .       ,      / .[4 - Niall Ferguson, Welcome the New Imperialism, Guardian, October 31, 2001.]

,      ,   . ,            ,  ,    .      ,       ?   ,      ?

         .




 1

 :  

 



       ,   ,       .




        .   (Hannah Arendt)


  2003     !             ,      .     .   -,     (Niall Ferguson)    (Charles Krauthammer),     :      ,          ,   ,      ,  .[5 - Stephen Kinzer, All the Shahs Men: An American Coup and the Roots of Middle East Terror (New York: Wiley, 2003), p. 209.]    ,       1989 ,    ?

   1945 ,      ,    , ,    .    ,        ,      19401941   ,         ,   ,      .  ,             .      ,     .    ,         .

  ,          .      1947 ,      ,     ,      .    ,     ,    ,       .          .         ,      ,    ? ,  ,      ,        ?

             :           ,         .   ,  ,        , ,       .  ,  -     1950- ,           .

  ,     1950-              .  1951   -      ,      (  British Petroleum).       (  Times, 1951) ,  92%      AIOC   ,        .                   ,    ,  .     ,       .     .       :         ,       .    ,     ,    .  ,     ,     :      24   ,  ,    ,     .      ,    1953   ,   -,   ,    .       : British Petroleum           .                  ,      .

          .   1952         ,     ,  ,     United Fruit Company    .            ,   1862 .        . , ,       ,   ,                 United Fruit Company.           PBSuccess:       .   ; ,     ,   .  ,      , ,   ,   - .[6 - John Perkins, Confessions of an Economic Hit Man (San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2004), p. 1415.]         1954 ;  15000 ,   ,  .

       ,   1956  ,    .             1956 ;         ,                 .       : ,   ,      ; ,      ,      1954 ; ,      ,   . 29  1956      ,        ,    .        .      ,     .         ,         ,       XX  .  ,       .     ,   ,     ,         .

         ,  ,        .




      


                 : , , , , , , , , , , .        ,       ,     .       ,      ,   -   ,        .

           ,          .        ,      .  ,         ,   ,      ,                   - .  ,         ,    .

,        ,       : ,     (),        1960-            ,     .       ,   ,           .   ,           ,        ,    .

      :         ?               ,    ,      .       :  ,                    .    :       .   ,                 ,        ,   . ,        ,    ,  ,           ,   ,   .

 -  ,        1971 ,       ,[7 - Naomi Klein, Not Neo-Con, Just Plain Greed, Globe and Mail (Toronto), December 20, 2003.]       .                .                       ?  ,  ,          ,    ,    .  ,    ,   ,        ,              ,    .   , ,                          .




   :     


   1973              19741976 ,     . -          ,   .          ( 450    1973  1981 ),        ,      ,      .  ?        1930- .          . , ,     100         ,  , ,  ,  .[8 - 2006World Data Sheet (Washington, D.C.: Population Reference Bureau, 2006).]

    ,                1982 ,   ,          .        ,  ,  ,  ,            -   .         :       130   1973   612  1982   2,5   2006,          .

   1970-                      ,       (        ).             ,           .           (SAP),      (  ),           / .




 : ,    

,     ,    .    :         , , ,         ,           .      ,          ,   ,       -.       ,   ,   ,            .    .                            .    .       ,              .   .

       (       )      ,     .        ,      .  ,     ,               .                  .





 


    375     20   ,          .       ,   ,      ,    ,         2   .[9 - Ha-Joon Chang, Kicking Away the Ladder: How the Economic and Intellectual Histories of Capitalism Have Been Re-Written to Justify Neo-Liberal Capitalism (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002).]

     ?   ,          ,   ,      ;      ,   ,          .         ,     .           , ,    ,   :   ,            .                 ,        ,      ,       .




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      ,    :  .                   -    ,  ,   ,         .          ,       , ,          ( ,  Nike,      ).            .

     -  (Ha-Joon Chang),               ,     ,    .        1980- ;         (         -).

           .      1870- ,  200 ,      ,    ,      .         .          , ,   ,      ,     - ,     ,     . ,      ,   Toyota    1958 ,        ,    ,         ,         . ,           . Toyota             .  ,      -   ,        .[10 - .: http://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive /printnews.php?ID=79568.]

        ,    ,  ,     ,      .     ,    .          ,        . , ,             2002 .           ,    .    , ,    ,       ,         .[11 - Lishala C. Situmbeko (Bank of Zambia), and Jack Jones Zulu (Jubilee-Zambia), Zambia: Condemned to Debt. Accessed at http://www.africafocus.org/docs04/zam0406.php.]

      ,     ,   140 .      ,     ,   .[12 - Asad Ismi, Plunder with a Human Face: The World Bank, Z Magazine, February 1998, p. 10.]         ,     ,     ,         . ,   ,  ,     ,            ,        ,          .




  


    

  ,                 ,    ,     ,   .   , 5            1970- ,        .              .









, ,       ,     .             1990- ,      ,       40   .             .[13 - Christian Aid, The Trading Game: How Trade Works (Oxford: Oxfam, 2003).]

             , , ,      .         : ,  1975          ,   1990      40 .[14 - Asad Ismi, Impoverishing a Continent: The World Bank and IMF in Africa (Ottawa: Halifax Initiative Coalition, 2004), p. 13.]   ,           ,      ,     .            ,              .   ,  ,    ,     ,  -  ,   .[15 - Vandana Shiva, North-South Conflicts in Intellectual Property Rights, Synthesis/Regeneration 25 (Summer 2001).]




:   


    ,      ,    ,       .           ,                 1994 ,    .                   (      ).

       ,  ,  ,        .                ,    ,       .     .[16 - Doug Henwood, interview with Ellen Augustine, January 21, 2006.] ,          RiceTec      , ,         ,           .




:    


     .   ,     ,    (     ),         ,          .    ,              ,     .     (Doug Henwood)       (After the New Economy):



          ,    .      ,          ,    -       ,       ,   ,  ,    .       ,   .     ,        ?[17 - John OShea, Paying Aid to Corrupt Regimes No Use to Poor, Irish Times, December 9, 2004.]





,   


,   ,             .    ,        ,   ,   ,   ,     ,[18 - James S. Henry, Where the Money Went, Fortune, March/April 2004, p. 45.]       ,        ,      .          ,        ,   .         , ,    ,             .       100      ,     ,    .    ,      /,    :   Sag Harbor Group,     ,   ,               ,     .[19 -   .: Derek McCuish, Water, Land and Labour: The Impacts of Forced Privatization in Vulnerable Communities (Ottawa: Halifax Initiative Coalition, 2004), p. 29.]       蔻,      ,    ,       ,  ,     .

              ,      .  -  (BCCI),       ,       , -   13             .     BCCI:        ,          : BCCI       ,   ,            ,  , -.

  ,   ,       ,      (briberization).   ,     ,  ,           ,              ,   ,     ,        .[20 - Mike Ceaser, U.S. Tax Dollars Helped Finance Some Chavez Foes, Review Finds, Boston Globe, August 18, 2002.]




 :   


 ,    ,          ? ,             .                .

     ,     ,   .           .           ,  , , ,    .          ,   ,     .      ,    .   .  ,      -:      ,   ,  ,    .   ,   ,    ,     :    ,   ,     .      ,  ,                .

     .        2002       -,    ,                 2002 ,     (). ,    55000   ,     , , ,    ,          ,  .[21 - Tariq Ali, The Clash of Fundamentalisms: Crusades, Jihads and Modernity (London: Verso, 2002), p. 20910. See also Steve Coll, Ghost Wars: The Secret History of the CIA, Afghanistan, and bin Laden, from the Soviet Invasion to September 10, 2001 (New York: Penguin, 2004).]

   .              .              :     Shell             .           .  1979                , ,   ,   ,    ;        ,    ,    .[22 - .: Roxanne Dunbar-Ortiz, Blood on the Border: A Memoir of the Contra War (Boston: South End Press, 2005).]          ,    ,         ,           4  .        ,    ,    ,   .[23 -  , .119123.]

,   ,      .   1981          .[24 - Ann Louise Bardach and Larry Rohter, Key Cuba Foe Claims Exiles Backing, New York Times, July 12, 1998. .:     -   : www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/NSAEBB/NSAEBB153/index.htm.]       ,    ,  73   455  Cubana,       1976 .     ,       ,  ,      200000   -  ,  .[25 - Perkins, Confessions of an Economic Hit Man, p. 15361.]

                  -,    .                   1981 .[26 - .:      : http://www.doj.gov.za/trc/decisions/1999/ac990292.htm.]   ,   ,  :   ()  1960 ;   ()  1969 ;   (-)  1973 ;  ,   ,  1980 ;   ()  1983 ;    ()  1965 .    (Craig Williamson),      ,   ,     .      ,     ,       1982 ,        -,    .[27 - Barton Gellman, Keeping the U.S. First: Pentagon Would Preclude a Rival Superpower, Washington Post, March 11, 1992.]

       , ,   ,            . ,               1973 ,             .                    (1953 ),      (1964 ),       (1965 ),         (1971 ).

     ,           .      ,          .         .        .             ,         .

      ,            .   , ,         ,              .          ,   ,  ,      ,      .                :      ,    .

 1992    ,       -,  ,              1994-99 .       :       ;          ;          ,         .[28 - Andrew J. Bacevich, American Empire: The Realities and Consequences of U.S. Diplomacy (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 2002), p. 243.]

   2003       .  ,    ,          1991 :  ,             ,         .   .      ,    ,                 ,        , ,     ,     .   (Andrew J. Bacevich),   ,     :          ,        ,    ,      ,      ,     ,   ,    .[29 -                 ,      - () .: .: Mike Davis, Planet of Slums (London: Verso, 2006).]

  ,        ,               ,     .    , 2     ,    ,           ,[30 - John Christensen, Current Trends in Cooperative Movement Causing Concern, Business Times (Malaysia), December 14, 1985, p. 11.]           .             . ,        :  ,    , , ,         ,       .




 2

    

 


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  .  1975          110  .   1982     451 .     31  ,   112%        , ,    ,    ,    .

,   ,   .        , , ,     -,      ,    .

  ,   ,    - .        .    ,   ,   ,     ,       . ,  ,            (CDCP),    ,     . , ,      ,         2 ,    300       ,    ,  .                ,      20- .     .      ,   .        Johnny Walker,    .     ,    󻠖   ,      . ,  , -  

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       ,     10- .      ,          . ,          . , ,    ,          ,      .          :      ,     ?       ,  ,   .     -        .       ,        ,      .           , , -,    -  Chase Manhattan,       ,    .




  .


   .

   ,     (https://www.litres.ru/raznoe/igra-staraya-kak-imperiya-11104981/)  .

      Visa, MasterCard, Maestro,    ,   ,     ,  PayPal, WebMoney, ., QIWI ,       .



notes








1


Joseph E. Stiglitz, Globalization and Its Discontents (New York: Norton, 2003), p. 232.




2


 , .247248.




3


    ,   , .: Jeff Faux, The Party of Davos, Nation, January 26, 2006.




4


Niall Ferguson, Welcome the New Imperialism, Guardian, October 31, 2001.




5


Stephen Kinzer, All the Shahs Men: An American Coup and the Roots of Middle East Terror (New York: Wiley, 2003), p. 209.




6


John Perkins, Confessions of an Economic Hit Man (San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2004), p. 1415.




7


Naomi Klein, Not Neo-Con, Just Plain Greed, Globe and Mail (Toronto), December 20, 2003.




8


2006World Data Sheet (Washington, D.C.: Population Reference Bureau, 2006).




9


Ha-Joon Chang, Kicking Away the Ladder: How the Economic and Intellectual Histories of Capitalism Have Been Re-Written to Justify Neo-Liberal Capitalism (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002).




10


.: http://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive /printnews.php?ID=79568.




11


Lishala C. Situmbeko (Bank of Zambia), and Jack Jones Zulu (Jubilee-Zambia), Zambia: Condemned to Debt. Accessed at http://www.africafocus.org/docs04/zam0406.php.




12


Asad Ismi, Plunder with a Human Face: The World Bank, Z Magazine, February 1998, p. 10.




13


Christian Aid, The Trading Game: How Trade Works (Oxford: Oxfam, 2003).




14


Asad Ismi, Impoverishing a Continent: The World Bank and IMF in Africa (Ottawa: Halifax Initiative Coalition, 2004), p. 13.




15


Vandana Shiva, North-South Conflicts in Intellectual Property Rights, Synthesis/Regeneration 25 (Summer 2001).




16


Doug Henwood, interview with Ellen Augustine, January 21, 2006.




17


John OShea, Paying Aid to Corrupt Regimes No Use to Poor, Irish Times, December 9, 2004.




18


James S. Henry, Where the Money Went, Fortune, March/April 2004, p. 45.




19


  .: Derek McCuish, Water, Land and Labour: The Impacts of Forced Privatization in Vulnerable Communities (Ottawa: Halifax Initiative Coalition, 2004), p. 29.




20


Mike Ceaser, U.S. Tax Dollars Helped Finance Some Chavez Foes, Review Finds, Boston Globe, August 18, 2002.




21


Tariq Ali, The Clash of Fundamentalisms: Crusades, Jihads and Modernity (London: Verso, 2002), p. 20910. See also Steve Coll, Ghost Wars: The Secret History of the CIA, Afghanistan, and bin Laden, from the Soviet Invasion to September 10, 2001 (New York: Penguin, 2004).




22


.: Roxanne Dunbar-Ortiz, Blood on the Border: A Memoir of the Contra War (Boston: South End Press, 2005).




23


 , .119123.




24


Ann Louise Bardach and Larry Rohter, Key Cuba Foe Claims Exiles Backing, New York Times, July 12, 1998. .:     -   : www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/NSAEBB/NSAEBB153/index.htm.




25


Perkins, Confessions of an Economic Hit Man, p. 15361.




26


.:      : http://www.doj.gov.za/trc/decisions/1999/ac990292.htm.




27


Barton Gellman, Keeping the U.S. First: Pentagon Would Preclude a Rival Superpower, Washington Post, March 11, 1992.




28


Andrew J. Bacevich, American Empire: The Realities and Consequences of U.S. Diplomacy (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 2002), p. 243.




29


                ,      - () .: .: Mike Davis, Planet of Slums (London: Verso, 2006).




30


John Christensen, Current Trends in Cooperative Movement Causing Concern, Business Times (Malaysia), December 14, 1985, p. 11.


