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Historia Rossica  
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    1920            ,      ,  27  1921     ,     ,    ,      ()    .        .           ,   ,     .     ,         ࠖ ,        [1 - Norton H.K. The Far Eastern Republic of Siberia. London: G. Allen & Unwin Ltd, 1923.]. , ,     ,      ,       (),         , ,  [2 -  . 1919. 1. 1, . 1112, 1920.].

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   (, , )    ,        . ,         .      ,            ,       -         .     ()     ,             (19141918.)[5 -             ,           ;    ,     (Holquist P. Making War, Forging Revolution: Russias Continuum of Crisis, 19141921. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2002; The Empire and Nationalism at War / ds. E. Lohr, V. Tolz, . Semyonov, . Von Hagen. Bloomington, IN: Slavica, 2014).].         ,   ,                19201921 ,             ()  1922,        .        ,            ࠖ - (), ,   .    ,       ( )   .       ,         ⠖       ,    .     ,     ,      ,         ,              ,       (19181922.)       .

  ,       ,         ,     ,      .                   .  ,  . ,    , ,     ,          ,     ,       ,    [ ]   [6 - Quigley H.S. The Rise and Fall of the Far Eastern Republic // Chinese Social and Political Science Review. 1924. 8 (1). P. 134.].

     ,      ,       ,            19051907          1917.   ,        [7 - Brubaker R. The Manichean Myth: Rethinking the Distinction between Civic and Ethnic Nationalism // Nation and National Identity: The European Experience in Comparison / Ed. by H.-P. Kriesi, . Armingeon, . Siegrist, . Wimmer. Zurich: R?gger, 1998. . 55.],            ,             ,      ,           ,   ,     ()   [8 -             (Anderson B. Imagined Communities: Reflections on the Origin and Spread of Nationalism. Rev. and extended ed. London: Verso, 1991),         .       .: A State of Nations: Empire and Nation-Making in the Age of Lenin and Stalin / Ed. by R.G. Suny, . Martin. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001 (. . :  .          /  . .. , . . ., 2011); Empire Speaks Out: Languages of Rationalization and Self-Description in the Russian Empire / ds. I. Gerasimov, J. Kusber, . Semyonov. Leiden: Brill, 2009.].   -      . .,   ,    ,                    .    ,     1920 ,         ()  1921 ,              .   ,            ,          -  .

     .       1937       . -       1920- .       ,      1928   .     1929                 ().        .             ,       19251926 ,            .  1930-      -  -,     ,          [9 -           .: Schimmelpenninck O.D. van der. Toward the Rising Sun: Russian Ideologies of Empire and the Path to War with Japan. DeKalb, IL: Northern Illinois University Press, 2001 (. . :  ..  .   .         . ., 2009).].


 

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     , ,   ,       ,      , ,   XVII      ,   , ,   ,   .      .   ,       ,   XVII        .   ,   1689 ,          ,      蠖   .  XVIII ,       ,      -ꠖ  ,   ,          .     XIX         -,    - [11 - Forsyth J. A History of the Peoples of Siberia: Russias North Asian Colony; Stephan J.J. The Russian Far East: A History. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 1994. . 1439.].

     (1858.),     (1860.)              .        ,     (18501864.)     (18561860.),                (18531856.).          ()  ,        -      (       -)   ,          .     (1851.),  (1858.)   (1860.)  ,     ,   ,  (1850.),  (1856.),  (1858.,  1893. )   (1860.).        ,  .  1884  ,         -    [12 - Bassin M. Imperial Visions: Nationalist Imagination and Geographical Expansion in the Russian Far East, 18401865. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2006;  ..   :    XIX  XX. :  , 2004.].

             .  ,      ,    ,     ,       (    ),     ,   18741875 [13 - Fumoto S. Russias Expansion to the Far East and Its Impact on Early Meiji Japans Korea Policy // Russia and Its Northeast Asian Neighbors: China, Japan, and Korea, 18581945 / Ed. by . Matsuzato. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books, 2017. . 2, 4.].  ,          -    1878,       ,    1907       [14 - Tsukase S. The Russian Factor Facilitating the Administrative Reform in Qing Manchuria in the Late Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Centuries // Russia and Its Northeast Asian Neighbors: China, Japan, and Korea, 18581945 / Ed. by K. Matsuzato. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books, 2017. P. 15, 24, 2627.].

  (1855.)  -  (1875.)  ,    ,      (1867.)     .  18601870- ,          ,      .        1878         ,      ,   1880    ,   . ,     ,               ,   1888       .    1880-    ,   XIX   - ,      [15 -          ,    ,          -.]  ,         󻠖   ,      -        [16 - Davidson G.F. Trade and Travel in the Far East. London: Madden and Malcolm, 1846;  ..   :   . .142, 281, 290291; StephanJ.J. The Russian Far East. P. 5458.].

   (1895.) ,     -  18941895.         , ,   ,    ,        .      -   (1896.),           (1898.)        (1896.)   (1900.). ,          (19041910.)     ,  (18981903.)        ,       (18911916.)   ,       [17 - Marks S.G. Road to Power: The Trans-Siberian Railroad and the Colonization of Asian Russia, 18501917. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1991.].

    ,      ,     .        ,   ,      .           -   (  ),     렖  (1898.).  ,      -,       .       ,       ,   1903  -   ,   -,      .             ;      ,   .  ,        .  ,        ,     -  (19041905.)[18 -  ..       , 19031905. //      . 2007. 3. C. 110115; Schimmelpenninck O.D. van der. Toward the Rising Sun: Russian Ideologies of Empire and the Path to War with Japan; Stephan J.J. The Russian Far East. P. 5761 (. . : ..  .   .         . ., 2009).].

    ,      ,   [19 - Morrison A. Russian Settler Colonialism // The Routledge Handbook of the History of Settler Colonialism / Ed. by . Cavanagh, L. Veracini. London: Routledge, 2017. . 313326.],             ,      .        ,      ,        .  ,  1897   36%      (672037 ),        (  ),    .    ,  (29%),      .   (         頖   )[20 -        ,            .      ,  蠖  .]  27% .  ,    ,     ,       ,  1890-      . ,         ,       [21 -   / . . .. . -: -   , 2011. . 2. XVII  XX.;  ..   . .: . - .. , 1914. . 15, 1718;        .       1897. -: http://demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/census.php?cy=0 ( : 1 2015.);  ..        (     ). .: -  ..   , 1902. . 2536, 5253, 76, 140144, 243.].

       ,        1890- .        -             1861 .  ,         100  (109 )    ,       (),   ( 10 )      ( 20).       1860-     (-)       . , -         ,                  1882.   ,                   ,      .  1883  1899    -        42253 .   1882      ,          9   1870   32298   1901 .  ,  ,       -  1884,       15  .     -  ,            ,   蠖    :           ,       [22 - Fumoto S. Russias Expansion to the Far East and Its Impact on Early Meiji Japans Korea Policy // Russia and Its Northeast Asian Neighbors: China, Japan, and Korea, 18581945 / Ed. by . Matsuzato. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books, 2017. .89;  ..       . . 65, 169177, 180, 300301; Sablin I., Kuchinsky . Making the Korean Nation in the Russian Far East, 18631926 // Nationalities Papers. 2017. 45 (5). .798814;      (. . XIX . XX.):     2 . /. ..   .; . .., .., .. . :  , 2004. . 1. . 6.].

   ,   ,  ࠖ      ,    ,     ,     .  1900         ,   , , , ,     .       ,        ( )       18601880-    .        .    , -,        :  1897   32834 , ꠖ 28900,  ꠖ 14971.       1897   120306,  頖 223336 ( 28113  ,    ).    -  1900 ,         ,      .  1901 ,    ,                  [23 -     ; Stephan J.J. The Russian Far East. P. 6768.].

  -   .    1897 ,      ,     (1043792 )     (59%).      (17%),  (6%),  (5%),  (4%),  (2%)   (1%).  (   )    XIX   , ,  ,       (, , , ,   ),   , , ,   .    :    ( ,   ) -     ,       (    )   (   )[24 -  1897    ,     10  ,    (   , 9799 ),  (6813),  (6191),  (6058),  (5675),  (3978),  (3393),  (2693),  (2570),  (1434)   (1099)  (       .       1897. -: http://demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/census.php?cy=0 ( : 1 2015.)).     18931895,    64,5%   , 63%     72%   .    25,3%, 16%  11%.    5%  .   XIX        ,      ,         (      : .     /  . .. , .. ; . .. , .. , .. , .. . :  , 2001. .4243, 5052, 5758, 83, 8889).].

              .  ,            ,         (1825.),      .   ,   18571861    ,        ,         . ,        .    1860-      ,            ,        ,  ,  ,        . -           [25 - Bassin M. Imperial Visions: Nationalist Imagination and Geographical Expansion in the Russian Far East. P. 168173.].

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      .            ,           18671868 ,                 .         , ,  ,       1880- .  1900 ,          (18991901.),        .                          .    - (    )     4  ; ,           ,  ,  ,   ;       100 .            .   ,     ,       [31 -  ..  :      //  . 2012. 10. . 173189; GlebovS. Between Foreigners and Subjects: Imperial Subjecthood, Governance, and the Chinese in the Russian Far East, 1860s1880s // Ab Imperio. 2017. 1. .86130; Stephan J.J. The Russian Far East. P. 7175, 79.].

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   ,   , ,          , ,      ,     1917  1922 ;    ()     ;    ;  ;    .       :   ,     ,            .                .              ,     ,           ,              .

  ,     (      ),    ,         ,      ,    ,    , ,     .

      (USNA)        (JACAR)   ;    ,        .          -    (-).         . .  (, ),     . .  (),        .

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- ,  ,   ,   ,               .          ()          ,    .

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