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 1830-.         ,  (  )      ࠖ . Ӡ     1833.    : , , , , , , , , , , , , . Ƞ  ,     ,    : , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,  .[49 - ..   [1834]// .. . . . .,1953. .1. .22, 24.], ,  ,   ,           : , ,  [50 - . .100.].  1835.  :      1825  1835?     ,   ,              . , , , , , , , , ., ., ., , , .., ,  , ., , . ⠖       ,    ;  ,       , -: , ,  ;     ,       . , !          ,   ,      ,    [51 - ..      [1835]// .. . . . .,1953. .1. .164165.].     .   ..,     ,        ,            (頖 ...)          [52 - ..  //    . 1839. 6. .415.].

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   ()     1839.,          1880.,  XIX XX.,      ,    [73 - .: .     :    (18501900-.)// Festkultur in der russischen Literatur (18. bis 21. Jahrhundert)/     XVIIIXXI. Muenchen, 2010. .8193.]. Ӡ  40    1881., 50򠖠1891., 60򠖠1901., 100    1914.; 50     ໠1886., 50   蠖1902. 100   1909.;  100   蠖1916.[74 - Π         . : KaizawaH. The Period of Stagnation Fostered by Publishing: The Popularization, Nationalization and Internationalization of Russian Literature in the 1880s// Publishing in Tsarist Russia: A History of Print Media from Enlightenment to Revolution/ Ed. Y.Tatsumi, T.Tsurumi. L.; N.Y., 2020. P.6991.]

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,  1824.    ,      ,     ;     ( )  ..   (1824).     .  ,    , : Ӡ     :      ,     [91 - . : ..  . .,1929. .274.].   ,  1825.                ,        .     [..],   ,       [92 - ..  . 2- . ., [1910]. .100. . : .. . .,1929. .1. .216.].

Ƞ    ,    ,  ,       .          <>[93 -   .. [..]     ..//  . 1872. 82. 30.]. ,    (18221826),    ,  .  ,             <>[94 - ..  . .,1999. .87.].         . , .,     ,     ,      .   1825.       ,    ,    [95 -  ..       (18221829). ., 1913. .156, 164, 183.].        . .. ,     [96 - .: ..  (17991826). .,1899. .227.].

       300 [97 - .: .        //  . 1966. 10. .253256.],          .  1830. . :      ,  ,   ,       <>[98 - .     //    . 1830. 1. .13.].

     .      ,       . ,   [ , 1814]      .           ,     .   ,       . <>    ,   ,   ,  ,         [99 - .    . ., 1859. .259260. .: ..   ..      //       20032004. ., 2007. .189208.].

      ...   ..:    : , ,  ,          ,      -   ,    []  [100 -   . .,1974. .1. .365. .: ..     (     )//  . 2005. 4. .2143.].      ,     [101 - .   -: . ʠ  -⻠//  . .,2014. .4. .192195.].

           24 1824.  .. (젖)  : ,   ,  [ ..,      , 1825.]  . Ӡ  , ,   ;      ,  ,      :  蠓. ,  ,       ,   ,  ,     .   ,   [102 - . .357. .2. ..37. .10. . : .., ..      //  . .,1956. .60, .1. .393404; ..   ..   // ..  . .,1990. .5063.].

    ..,  ..,  ..  (),  .., .., .., .., .., ..,  ..[103 - .: ..   //  . 1890. 6. .80; .   . ., 1872. .207; ..  //  . 1910. 8. .248.]. ..      1810-  1820-.:  ,  ,       ,  ,   ,  1789.,    .  ,  ,      .       ,     ,     [104 - ..  . .,1915. .1. .60.].

     , ,   ..  ,    ,   .   ..,      [1820-.] <> ,         ;    []   .   , ,  ,          , , .,   .          :   蠓 . <>      [105 - ..       //  . 1880. 1. .218, 220.].

      ,      . ʠ   - () . , ..-        ,  () ..   ,  ..      .., ,  ,      [106 - -..  . ., 2009. .1. .198.].        (1847),       ( 1847.,    18521855.)[107 - ..      ..?      (ʠ )// ...  . .,2009. .2. .160170.].

           .       (1856) :     ,     .       ,    ,        <>          <> []   ,     ,   [108 -   //   . :   , 1856. .38, 40, 42. . : ..   ..//     . 2012. 1. .5171.].      .,  ,    1850-.       ,          ,    .     ,    ,  ⠖,   ,     [109 - .. . .,1965. .1. .182.].      ,       :  蠫  ..,   .., ! ,    .. .[110 - .: ..   -  50- XIX.// ..  . .,1990. .235247.]

     ,            .       (,       46  ..[111 - .: ..   XVIII  XIX.:   . .,1991. .132.]),      ..,   .. .).   . ..  1821.     : [..]      .     . ,   ?  ,  ,   ,     .  ! .. :    <>.  ,    ,         [112 -  . . .,2010. .25.].

   ,     .      蠖.        [113 - ..    // 500  .     : ࠖ. , 1993. .2734. .      N.N. ., 2015; ..     . ., 1913.].    ,       -       .        .     ,     ,  ,  12,    .         .      ,    <>  .         腻.                    . <>       ,        . ,   ,   ,     <>.    ,  ,        ,   - [114 - ..            //      . .,1982. .44.].        ,   [115 - .: ..       //    :    . .,1993. .5462; -.., ..      //    :   . , 1996. .939.].

 ,      ,  ,       [116 - .: ..      XVIII XX. .,2001.]. ,         ,    [117 - .:  .    -   XVIII XX. .,2010.].

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ѠXVIII.      .    [118 - .: .. [..]     //  ,    / . . . . .,1992. .353368;  .    !: Π  XIX//   :   XVIII XX/ . ... .,1994. .520. . :    :      XIX/ . .., ... .,1994.].   ,   ,     ( , ),   .   .          1830-.:       ,        .              ,     ,    ,    , ,  .;       [119 - ..   50 //  . 1885. 8. .290.].

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           .    ,    ,  .            ,   [125 - ., : ..   -//  . 1908. 1. .298312; .., ..   . , 1912. .2. .945948; ..    // .. . . ., 1908. .3. .643705;  (      ..)/ . .//  . 1897. 9. .539559;    :  XVIII XX. , 1997. .121125;     //  . 1882. .2. 5. .352357.].  ,   ,             ,  .



   ,   ,          (-       ,     ).        -,     .

      .         .       ,     ,     ,    ,      , ,      XVIII. ..  ,     XIX.    ,    ,                  [126 - .. . . .28.]. ,   1850-.           [127 -  .. . : -. ..// .. . , 1869. .1. .36.].            .

     [128 - . : ..       XIX.//   40-   . ... .,1934. .275286; ..    1900-. -, 1974; .. . . .3236.].   ..    1830-.       .   ,   .       [129 - ..  //  . XIX. , 2003. .72.].

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     ,      蠖   .     ,        .

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,       XIX  .   堖   ,   [131 - .: ..   :  ,  // ..          . .,2009. .349356.].



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  1830-.       ,    -    ,  ,        堖     [138 - ..  . ., 1892. .4546.].

      .    .-,  , 1830-.     ,  ..[139 - -.. . . .35, 395396.]

..,   ,    1830-. , : Ӡ [ ]     ;      ;      , ,  픻[140 - .. . . .3435.].

    1820-.  ,   ,      , [141 - ..      XVIII  XIX:   //    1996. .,1998. .94111.].

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     XIX.   :

     ,  (      ,  ),   ,  .       . -, -    (  )   . -, -     ,      .

      () ,         .              ,       .     (,       )        .  ,   ,   ,     ,     ,      ;               .

    ,      ,    .  ,       ,    .

  젖 .           ,       ( ,           ).      , ,        .

   ,         .    ;       ,  , , ,    ,   .

       .       .  ,       , , ,   ,         [147 - ., ,  :    XIX. , 1861;   . [], 1863; .     . , 1869, .].  ,   ,        .      ,  ⠫ 1854.,      ,    [148 - .: .     //      XVIII  XIX. .,1970. .53.].    ࠖ     ,  1818.,       1831.,   [149 - ..     :   . . . . .,2007. .13.].  ,     ,        ,     , , ,      .

      (    ,  ,  ,   ..),      :          ;            (    );          ;          ,        ;   ,    ,    ,   .

   (, , , )     ,   .         ( ),     ,        .

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