  ?
  


                   .          .    ,      .    ,   .    ?       ?    ?         , : be egoistic!  ; wasband  husband       do-nothinger.         .            .            .





 

  ?





1.       


Language most shows a man, speak that I may see Thee

(           ,  )

Ben Johnson




1.1.     


    ,     .     , ,  ,          - ,            .



        .     ,     .


      .   . .  ,                .

       ,  . . :        ,  , .      linguistic world image    ,       .     ,      ,   ,    .








    , , .   ,   , , , ,   .               .



   ,      .

  ,            ,          .







    ,   .   ,     .     ,  ,    ,       ,  ,     .



          ,    .







         ,  ,            ,         .

       ,  . .     .     ,       the culture of oxymoron    .

   ,     ,  ,    ethos.       . In everyday communication paradox is mostly used for expressing astonishment or disbelief at something unusual or unexpected".










       ,  .


      (are out),   ,          (the lights are out),  ,   ?



  hedgehog (. +) ; pineapple (. +) ; butterfly (. +) ; hotdogs (.  )   ; gooseberry (.  ) ; sweetmeat (.  )  .    .  , ,   ,  ,       ..










           ?


  , ,      The English.   ,    Watching the English       ,   !



               -  ,     .



   :        .




1.2.   


               ,         hurry, hurry, hurry! Time waits for no one!



      ,     .  ,      ,  , ethos   ,  ,    ,   . Variety  the spice of life (      ),     .



  ,            ,   ,  .













           .



      .     ,    .        .         .



                .

       .                 .


    ?     .






 1



     ,        .



   1,        ,  , .    historical background     life style.           ,     .



        ,  .








    1                     .                      :      ,     (    )   .

          2  .       ,          ,       betterment (), howeverness (:   , , -     ,     ).








         .           , ..           !

, to outcompute (), to-ing and fro-ing ( -).

       (,   )   ( ,     )        .  ,         4  .








        ( 2  ),          . , ,  :     Schadenfreude      ,   ,   .  , ,          90%.  ,       ( , )     ,  , ,      . [1]

    language giver,   lingua franca,   .      ,          .  ,   -,  . ,           (barbershop)   ,  (alarmism) ,  ( . mainstream   )    - ,    ..








  (2  )      ,      ,    .         ,       ,    (, ray of sunshine)      ,  , .    ,       ,  1  .

     ,        :

stock parking ,   ,     (.   + );

idea hamster ,     (.  );

mail bomb   ,     , (.  ).

 ,        .      ,   10.








 ,    .          .



   ,   ,        ,  .


    .    ,         . ,  ,  ,          .     ,     ( )      ,  ,     .



     ,        .






        ,         , ,   , ..    .



  ,          .


 ,   ,   , , ,             ,        ,  ,      (. ).



     ,  . ,   , ,       .   ,          .   ,          ,       . (   . .)










    ,          ,    .


         ,      :

The Coke side of life (       bright side of life (  ,  ,   ),                 -Cola.          .

You're in good hands with Allstate       .    to be in good hands,      ,      .            .

    Southwest   Pace Picante Sauce  Grab the Southwest by the bottle    / -,  󻠖  =  to take the devil by the horns    ,      ,        .

Bridge that gap with Cadbury's snack,   ,       (    () ,   ,      )   to bridge the gap,    .

What goes around comes around. Leave the water clean,     ,   .   .            What goes around comes around   .          ,   .

Salami crime, salami technique. In salami crimes the employees usually exploit the controls that can be built into the computer systems (Financial Times, Febr. 12, 1991) (        ).

        . , ,       friendly    , : nature-friendly, fish-friendly, ozon-friendly.[2]



 ,         :

parachute candidate  ,      ;

spin-mastering   (, );   ;

spin-control  ,         , ,  ..;

spin-doctor ,     ;

spin merchant        .



        , , zero  toxic:

zero people (   );

zero waste shop (    ,         );

zero tolerance attitude (campaign, program) ,    . ;

toxic idea (,  );

toxic friendship ( ), toxic woman;

toxic attitude (   -);

toxic relationship (   -);

toxic environment (  ).[3]



       ,      -  , ,   ,   :

gentleman of the road  , ;   gentleman ;

bad cup of tea  ,  .            (    )    - ;

tea leaf  ,  ( ,     thief);

      -       ,      ,   -.




1.3.   


   .         :

  , , , ,       ,  ,    ,   .



     ,    :

堖 , grandmostest (, -     m-first-ism             ,       );

  gaslightning, misformation, mis-selling (-,      ,    ,       );

  orbiting (   ).



     .



         (       ).



 ,     ,   ,    :


1.   (   ):

Wine travels well (  ,     ).

Dinner comes every evening from delivery club (          ).                  .



2.   ?     -   ,        : - ,   .  - , :

  . We (I) have been working hard (, )   .



3.    :

? ,   ,   (  ,    :

He liked, and often listened to, music.       .

(       ,   ,   );



? I want him to know it ( ,                   ,     );



?       ,       (  ):

child-care workers      

community education -   ;



?   ,   SMS  :

BFN  bye for now  , ; JK  just kidding     ; TTYL  talk to you later   ; Plz, pls  please   (); Thx  thanks  ; U  you  ;     L8r  later  ; B4  before  ; 2morro  tomorrow  .



4. (,  imply  ),    :



I am slightly annoyed   ,  , ,    ,     ,       .

    ,   ,  ,       , ,   ,   - .



             ,   .



 , ,   , .



,   ,          :


1.   ,           :        . , must  a must    ,    ;



2.      ,    :   to bag-stuff    ,   do-nothinger  , ;



3.        :   Ala  , 2you  , appstore;



4.   , ..    , :    , , aggressive   ,     ,       hawkish  .



  :



                ,         .








 ,  ,       .








 ,              .









2. 





             ,     .

                ? To Meghan Markle, for example





2.1.    















 2



    .      -    ,  ,  .

 ,     2,     1      ,       -  ,      .

 ,     ,         ,      .

        ,         ,   .



 ()           ,      ,           .


            .           .



  2         ,  , .



    ,       ,       -   .


, . .           ,             ,             .          ,    ,       .[4]






, ,   ful (  )        (  soma  ),      , : armful, handful  ,  ( arm, hand  ), mouthful   ( mouth  ), headful  c  ( head  ), stomachful  ,   ( stomach  ).



  ( ),   neck  , face  , back (), leg ()         -       .



        .    .


,  






         (   ),           , ..     , , ,  (    . splinters).         , , ,    .    1  ,        .



     (completives)     ,       ,      .       , , mega    (megavitamin, megaton, megastore, megatechnology), phobia   (claustrophobia    ), Euro (Euro-dinner   -,  )  ..



 ,      splinters.           -       . ,         , :

Thatchernomics     Thatcher (  - )    nomics ( economics)  ,   , - .

Reaganomics   (      19811989.    ).

Poroshenkogate  ,    ( . Watergate   ,   ,   ,     gate   ).



 ,     ,         ,     .

    : fishtastic (fish+fantastic)   , appoholic (application+alcholic) ,         ..[5]







,   






    ,      ,   ,    .             .

   2()     1  , :

go-as-you-please attitude (--     ), sitting-on-the-fence policy (     ), jaw-jaw talks (-- ), infobesity (information+obesity  )  , full-timer  ..

 ,       go  as-you-please, sitting-on-the-fence, jaw-jaw    .

Infobesity     2 ,      info.


,  






   ,    (   ).

  (  ): a cure-all (,  ), a cold rubdown (   , ).    2     1  .      :

 cure    cure-all;

 rubdown         .

    Rubdown in the morning is the best for me         .    rubdown   . ?     .   ,     . ,     .

  .

  must   a must  . Democracy is a must.    .



          , .    ,    ,    .                   ,       .   ,  , ,   collectibles  ,  ,    ; cool ,      to lose one's cool, to keep one's cool,all your ups and downs  ..     .


,  






    .        ,   .     .  ,               .



,               ,    .   ,           , .         ,    , Fog Index,       . ,  ,      ( 40),   .



             .          , : HAND  have a nice day, DIY  do it yourself, ASAP  as soon as possible. R. S. V. P. (  ),    R. S. V. P. (    Repondez, s'il vous plait. , ),    -.

        : -mas, 4u, BBC, bbq.



   4       .

,  fulltimer   full  time.  fulltime   er   .   fulltime (  )   full-timer ( -).   .



 ,                   .



       .


 


    .   


  .

1.  . .         [ .       .   . . 1. .,1960]    ,     (, , , ). , 2  ,  ,  .

2.            ,    . .         ?

      :     ,    ,     ,               .

      .








3.    . . :    𻠖 ,        ,      .[6]






4.We rule men with words. (Napoleon)




3.






        ,   -         , ,   : unusual   ( usual  ), discover  ,  ( cover  ),    helpless   ( help  ).

       , ,    .  ,              .



   ,  -  ,     .


         :        , , , , , -, , ,   ..          ,          .

,   ,     ,        .       ,      .




3.1.    


       (    )     ,      ,   nanotechnology, omnipresent (), teratogen (  ) extra-terrestrial (E.T   )      coffeemania, aquanaut, counterstroke  ..



   completives (   )              .



     -    ,         .      ,    ,  ,    ,   .



   ,           (splinters).          ,         (  )  maxi, burger, eco  ..



       ,      . , candyholic   (   alcoholic,     ).



       ,   , ,  , , :

craftsmanship   ; showmanship    ,    ; oneupmanship    .








         dom,               , :

bangdom   ; bogdom   ;

officialdom   .



        - , :

fantastic ()  funktastic (   )  fishtastic (  );

delicious ()  baglicious ( )  bootielicious ( ), girlicious ()   Kittylicious      ('referring to Hello Kitty movies);

needcessity from need and necessity (,  !);

a little eccentricity ( ,   !   );

foolosopher (   phil (     fool:   , .).



      .    ,   ,  ,   wise  (. )  -,   -,    -, ,   - (, , , , , ): confidence-wise, tax-wise, price-wise, flatwise, time-wise, news-wise, culture-wise  ..



   c,    proof (. ) , ,        actor-proof, air-proof, baby-proof, cold-proof, bribe-proof, fool-proof, dirt-proof, future-proof  ..










The suffix is very productive and widely used in modern English but most of the words so formed are considered inelegant or not good English style.


,    ,  ,         ,    ,               .

,         -       :

lairism ("the political ideology of the former leader of the Labour Party and Prime Minister Tony Blair" "       -  " (   ).

Georgeous,   The Sun   ,              .  ,         George   gorgeous ("dazzlingly beautiful or magnificent" "   ").  ,          , ,   .

           ,      .          ,  .



  ,      .[8]




 ,          ,      .

 , ,           . They may disappear They may become productive affixes.




3.2. -    




  

     .



   . ,  er:

supertasker.        someone who is very good at doing more than one thing at the same time  ,       ;    er      ;

rovable  (    robot  movable), a very small robot that can be worn on your body and carry out a number of different tasks   ,     ,   .   able ,     ;

morish (more + ish)   ish   ,   -  ,  ,    -   .

     ,         ,       ,   ;

theme-parkery (  )   ery       .



       ,   ,   .





3.2.1.   .   




      ,     .


,                ,  - .

      ,      -   .[9]






             .

   12 :-er, or, ee, ist, ite, ate, an(-ian), ant (-ent), ard, ling, ster: blabber/; brawler/, ; admirer/ , ; hearer/; seer/, ; onlooker/,    dinerout  dineouter     .[10]








      (     )    ( , )      .


            tailor  tailoress; protector  protectress; adventurer  adventuress; actor  actress; professor  professoress; host  hostess; heir  heiress  ..



     ,       -      ,  ,         ,   .



       !


         : jokester  jokestress (woman comedian); chap  chapess (feminized versions of chap are sometimes used humorously now, especially in the phrases chaps and chapesses); usher  usherette; farmer  farmerette; leader  leaderette; conductor  conductorette, lecturer  lecturette; undergraduate  undergraduette; bachelor  bachelorette, anchor  anchorette, : comedian  comedienne.       ,     .



          . ,        .         .                ,                , : chap  chapess (  ) farmer  farmerette (  ).           , ,                - .  ,         ,   ,         .

   ,     ,     , , ,     ette   , - (    statuette  ),            .



    ,                   .





3.2.2.   




   ,   ,   .


          ist, abolitionist, anti-abortionist.



 ,       ist,   ,          :

ageist (a person who supports ageism / a person who is discriminating against older people) ,   ;

heightist (a person who supports heightism / a person who is discriminating against tall women and short men         );

genderist (a person who supports unfair discrimination between male and female)   ; sexist    ..



    ,    .



  ie(y)   -,       ,    .        :

roadie  a manager of a rock group which is on tour   -       .



















      .


   ,    : cartoonist, desertologist, pastelist, gamester, ringster, tinner (  ), hatter, glover, fulltimer.

      ,   ,        .

, ,       ian (1)  eer (2).      ,    ,    .

:

(1)  statistician, dietician (), tactician (), diagnostician, cybernetician, rosarian ( ), apiarian ().

(2)  programmer, auctioneer, gazetteer (), fictioneer (   ), weaponeer (  ), pontoneer (  ,  ), budgeteer (  ), cabineteer ( ), summiteer ( ).



   ,              ,         .       ,         , , , ,   .




3.3.  .  


   .

         ,   ,          .

    ,               .



      ,            ,        .



           ,     .


     : anti   , -;        , de    , ,  , non   ,      post , pre    , , sub-   , in   ,     .



   , , ,       , , : -on, ase, sol, nik, manship, eco-, mini-, maxi-, ur-, mega-, cine-, oholic, gate-, watcher, dial-a-, flexi-, apres  . .








    ,   ,    .      ,       ,     .

   ,      :

yber-: crime, cyberfraud;

de-: to deconflict ( ), to defriend ( -      );

dis-: to disclude ), dispatriotism ( );

mis-: to mistext (     );

non-: nonversation ( );

pre-: pre-heritance ( ,       ).

over-: overpromising ( ,  ).








    non,         : non-access to nuclear weapons    ; non-belligerent    ; non-affiliated union       ,       ; non-union, non-unionist     .








-  -,    ,    ,           , ..    ,       . , ,       infobesity    (information  obesity  , ), infotainment (info  entertainment  )    infomercial (    ), infodemia (information  epidemia)  ,   .



        ,      .


,        mega-,    .          . ,     , ,    megadual (totally awesome)   . Dual       "   ".




  .


   .

   ,     (https://www.litres.ru/pages/biblio_book/?art=63091781)  .

      Visa, MasterCard, Maestro,    ,   ,     ,  PayPal, WebMoney, ., QIWI ,       .


