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    ,             .       蠖 , , , , ,     ,  ,    .          .        .

,       ,        ,               ,        ⠖ .

             [1 - Transparency International. What is corruption? // https://www.transparency.org/en/what-is-corruption (https://www.transparency.org/en/what-is-corruption)].

      ,    ,    ,     .

 . 1       :

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            ,        ,          ,     ,    ,      .

  ,       .

 ,        , ,         ,    .          Petrleo Brasileiro S.A. Petrobras [2 - . .: Moretti D. The use of intermediaries in corrupt deals. Lessons from the Petrobras case for compliance officers. IACA Research Paper Series No. 6/2018 // www.iaca.int/wwwtest/media/attachments/2018/08/14/diogo_rf_paper_final_30_7_2018_format_edit.pdf (http://www.iaca.int/wwwtest/media/attachments/2018/08/14/diogo_rf_paper_final_30_7_2018_format_edit.pdf)].     ,      ,  ,              .  ,         ,        .                ,         [3 -  . -     24 .  , 06.04.2018 // https://rg.ru/2018/04/06/sud-vynes-prigovor-eks-prezidentu-iuzhnoj-korei-pak-kyn-he.html (https://rg.ru/2018/04/06/sud-vynes-prigovor-eks-prezidentu-iuzhnoj-korei-pak-kyn-he.html)].

         ,           .                   ,    ,         .             .

         ,    ,       [4 - The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/the World Bank, (2011). The Puppet Masters. // https://star.worldbank.org/star/publication/puppet-masters (https://star.worldbank.org/star/publication/puppet-masters)].            .   ,          ,            ,  () ,   ,       .               .

        .         .          ,         ,             .

              ,             ,        ,      .                .                ,   ,      .    ,           (), ,             [5 - FATF, 2019. Guidance for a risk-based approach to virtual assets and virtual asset service providers. // https://www.fatf-gafi.org/media/fatf/documents/recommendations/RBA-VA-VASPs.pdf (https://www.fatf-gafi.org/media/fatf/documents/recommendations/RBA-VA-VASPs.pdf); Money laundering risks from stablecoins and other emerging assets. // http://www.fatf-gafi.org/publications/fatfgeneral/documents/statement-virtual-assets-global-stablecoins.html (http://www.fatf-gafi.org/publications/fatfgeneral/documents/statement-virtual-assets-global-stablecoins.html)].      .     ,      ,        ,          .              .

        .        ,           .        ,      .

                  .        ,     .              ,       .         .   ,          ,   .

                 ,        ,  ,  ,   .                .    2016.   ,               [6 - Europol, (2016). Migrant smuggling in the EU // https://www.europol.europa.eu/newsroom/news/europol-launches-european-migrant-smuggling-centre (https://www.europol.europa.eu/newsroom/news/europol-launches-european-migrant-smuggling-centre)].             ,                  .

     ,         ,       ,      .            頖 .               ,  ,     .      ,     .      ,           .   ,         . ,       ,   ,      ,  .




1.2.       


         ,                    .

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  , ,    ,    , ,  ,  :    ,   ,  ,    ,   .   ,          ,      . ,         ,       .                        .

      .          -        ,        ,      .

  ,   ,    .      ,                ,  , ,   .          ,     ,      ,               [7 - Business integrity handbook. Guidance on compliance knowledge, skills and strategies // www.cblf.org.cn/Uploads/%7BEB370E52-2ED6-43AE-836D-32CD88B69D5C%7D_Business%20Integrity%20Handbook%20%28with%20bookmarks%29.pdf (http://www.cblf.org.cn/Uploads/%7BEB370E52-2ED6-43AE-836D-32CD88B69D5C%7D_Business%20Integrity%20Handbook%20(with%20bookmarks).%20pdf). p. p.2627].

      ,         .       ,   , ,    .

  ,       .      ,      ,     ,    ,    ,    ,           ,       .

 ,            ,       (compliancebeyondthelaw)[8 - . .: Passas N. Lawful but awful: Legal corporate crimes. // Journal of Socio-Economics 34(6):771-786  December 2005.].     ,               ,     ,        .      ,   ,      ,  .

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1.3.    


               () ,   ,   .           [9 - Ivanov E., AML/CFT and anti-corruption compliance regulation: two parallel roads? IACA Research Paper Series No. 2/2018 // http://iaca.int/images/Research/Research_paper_02_Eduard_Ivanov_final.pdf (http://iaca.int/images/Research/Research_paper_02_Eduard_Ivanov_final.pdf)].      () ,      ,         .                     .

       .        ,      .

    ,     .              .          ,       .

                   ,          .

     .                     .

      ,      . ,     ,             -     .     2010. ,    -       [10 - UK Bribery Act of 2010 // <http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2010/23/contents>].

       .  ,    2017.,    ,     -         ,      ,         ,   [11 - StR 265/16 (2017). Bundesgerichtshof Urteil vom 9. Mai 20171. Bundesgerichtshof. // http://juris.bundesgerichtshof.de/cgibin/rechtsprechung/document.py?Gericht=bg h&Art=en&sid=e7e52afeccef97aeefe7cebf0d750b91&nr=78723&pos=0&anz=1].        .

             .          . 13.3.    25 2008. 273-   ,     1 2013.      2008.            ,        [12 - Companies Act No. 71 of 2008 // https://www.justice.gov.za/legislation/acts/2008-071amended.pdf].

         ,   ,            1977.[13 - Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, PL 95-213, Title 1; 91 Stat 1494, Dec 19, 1977]     2010.             ,        2016.,   SapinII[14 - LOI n 2016-1691 du 9 dcembre 2016 relative ? la transparence, ? la lutte contre la corruption et ? la modernisation de la vie conomique (1) // www.legifrance.gouv.fr/eli/loi/2016/12/9/2016-1691/jo/texte (http://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/eli/loi/2016/12/9/2016-1691/jo/texte)].

    .         , ,  ,     ,       .         .     ,           .

    ,               .         200  .         [15 - . .: Zapata M. Collective action theory applied to anti-corruption practice: A Bolivian case study. IACA Research Paper Series No. 7/2018 // https://www.iaca.int/media/attachments/2020/01/09/research_paper_07_martin_zapata_final.pdf].            , -     蠖     ,             Ȼ[16 -     // http://ach.tpprf.ru/anti-bribes/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%8F_RUS.pdf].




 2.    





2.1. -   


    ,                () ,   ,   ,        -       .      ,         ,         ,         -.

      ,  -      () ,   ,               ,         ( )[17 - International standards on combating money laundering, the financing of terrorism and proliferation (the FATF Recommendations). [pdf] FATF. // http://www.fatfgafi.org/media/fatf/documents/recommendations/pdfs/FATF_Recommendations.pdf].                   () ,   ,            -.      ,        ,       ,     .

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            2003.[18 -       // "  ", 2006, N 10, . 7 54.]                1997.[19 -                   //   . 2012. N 7. . 72 85.]          [20 - . .:  . .  -   . .: , 2015. . 13.-19].

     ,                ,  蠖  .  12           ,         ,     ,                ,                     .            ,  ,   ,        ,               .

        ,      .           ,                  ,      .     ,          .      ,   ,    ,       . -       .

,  , ,               ,      ,       [21 - Ivanov, E. Overview of Anti-Corruption Compliance Standards and Guidelines. Practical Tool. // https://www.iaca.int/images/Research/Overview_of_Compliance_Standards_and_Guidelines.pdf (https://www.iaca.int/images/Research/Overview_of_Compliance_Standards_and_Guidelines.pdf)]. ,             ,    ,     .

               .  32   ,  , 17    ,   , 4   , 7   , , , 4    NAVEXGlobal.     ,   -  ,  ,     , ,      .         ,  4        ,      .

 ,               ,      .        ,     .          ,       [22 - UNODC, 2013. An Anti-Corruption Ethics and Compliance Programme for Business: A Practical Guide. // https://www.unodc.org/documents/corruption/Publications/2013/13-84498_Ebook.pdf (https://www.unodc.org/documents/corruption/Publications/2013/13-84498_Ebook.pdf)],    ,   [23 - OECD, 2016. Anti-Bribery Policy and Compliance Guidance for African Companies. // http://www.oecd.org/corruption/anti-bribery/Anti-Bribery-Policy-and-Compliance-Guidance-for-African-Companies-EN.pdf (http://www.oecd.org/corruption/anti-bribery/Anti-Bribery-Policy-and-Compliance-Guidance-for-African-Companies-EN.pdf)].      ,               .                     [24 - ICC, 2015. Anti-Corruption Third Party Due Diligence: aGuide for Small and Medium Size Entities. // https://cdn.iccwbo.org/content/uploads/sites/3/2015/07/ICC-Anti-corruption-Third-Party-Due-Diligence-A-Guide-for-Small-and-Medium-sized-Enterprises.pdf (https://cdn.iccwbo.org/content/uploads/sites/3/2015/07/ICC-Anti-corruption-Third-Party-Due-Diligence-A-Guide-for-Small-and-Medium-sized-Enterprises.pdf)].

           ,        .  ,               .            ,   .   , . 3 ,   2012 2020.,       ,        ,     (,             ,   )[25 - FATF Mandate 2012 2020. // https://www.fatf-gafi.org/media/fatf/documents/FINAL%20FATF%20MANDATE%202012-2020.pdf (https://www.fatf-gafi.org/media/fatf/documents/FINAL%20FATF%20MANDATE%202012-2020.pdf)].

  ,    ,        .         ,     ,        .    2                    ,     .

         ,    .           ,     ,     . ,       ,       ,        ,     .                    ,            ,          .  ,    ,           .

               . ,  2010.,             .   2012.    ,      2012.   [26 - FATF, 2012. A Reference Guide and Information Note on the Use of the FATF Recommendations to support the fight against Corruption. // www.fatf-gafi.org/media/fatf/documents/reports/Corruption%20Reference%20Guide%20and%20Information%20Note%202012.pdf (http://www.fatf-gafi.org/media/fatf/documents/reports/Corruption%20Reference%20Guide%20and%20Information%20Note%202012.pdf)].

              ,         .         ,        (  )  (    25  ) 젖        .       () ,   ,          .   ,         ,                        .  2014.          ,      ,       [27 - FATF, 2014. Guidance on Transparency and Beneficial Ownership. // http://www.fatf-gafi.org/media/fatf/documents/reports/Guidance-transparency-beneficial-ownership.pdf (http://www.fatf-gafi.org/media/fatf/documents/reports/Guidance-transparency-beneficial-ownership.pdf)].  2019.        [28 - FATF, 2019. Best Practices on Beneficial Ownership for Legal Persons, FATF, Paris, http://www.fatf-gafi.org/media/fatf/documents/Best-Practices-Beneficial-Ownership-Legal-Persons.pdf (http://www.fatf-gafi.org/media/fatf/documents/Best-Practices-Beneficial-Ownership-Legal-Persons.pdf)].

         .   ( )           .       4-   [29 - Directive (EU) 2015/849 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 May 2015 on the prevention of the use of the financial system for the purposes of money laundering or terrorist financing, amending Regulation (EU) 648/2012 of the European Parliament and of the Council, and repealing Directive 2005/60/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council and Commission Directive 2006/70/EC // https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A32015L0849 (https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A32015L0849)].  4-      5-  ,            10 2021.,       ,   [30 - Directive (EU) 2018/843 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 30 May 2018 amending Directive (EU) 2015/849 on the prevention of the use of the financial system for the purposes of money laundering or terrorist financing, and amending Directives 2009/138/EC and 2013/36/EU // https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A32018L0843 (https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A32018L0843)].       ,   ,   .   ,         .          ,            .               .

    .     7 2001. 115-    () ,   ,      ,                     .

        ,        .            ,   ,              .      [31 -     3 2012 375-              () ,   ,    // http://base.garant.ru/70162622/ (http://base.garant.ru/70162622/)],     [32 -     15 2014 445-              () ,   ,    // http://base.garant.ru/70869654/#friends (http://base.garant.ru/70869654/#friends)].

  2019.      .              ,     2021.[33 - FATFMandate, 2019. // https://www.fatf-gafi.org/media/fatf/content/images/FATF-Ministerial-Declaration-Mandate.pdf (https://www.fatf-gafi.org/media/fatf/content/images/FATF-Ministerial-Declaration-Mandate.pdf)]     ,     -          ,        . ,              ,     2021. .

                  ,      .      ,  ,           ,     .               ,     -.

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           -     [34 - , , , , , , , ].       ISO 37001    ,     .       [35 - Grant-Hart, K. SingaporeAdoptsISO 37001 (FCPABlog, 18 April 2017) // www (http://www.fcpablog.com/blog/2017/4/18/kristy-grant-hart-singapore-adopts-iso-37001.html).fcpablog (http://www.fcpablog.com/blog/2017/4/18/kristy-grant-hart-singapore-adopts-iso-37001.html).com (http://www.fcpablog.com/blog/2017/4/18/kristy-grant-hart-singapore-adopts-iso-37001.html)/blog (http://www.fcpablog.com/blog/2017/4/18/kristy-grant-hart-singapore-adopts-iso-37001.html)/2017/4/18/ (http://www.fcpablog.com/blog/2017/4/18/kristy-grant-hart-singapore-adopts-iso-37001.html)kristy (http://www.fcpablog.com/blog/2017/4/18/kristy-grant-hart-singapore-adopts-iso-37001.html)- (http://www.fcpablog.com/blog/2017/4/18/kristy-grant-hart-singapore-adopts-iso-37001.html)grant (http://www.fcpablog.com/blog/2017/4/18/kristy-grant-hart-singapore-adopts-iso-37001.html)- (http://www.fcpablog.com/blog/2017/4/18/kristy-grant-hart-singapore-adopts-iso-37001.html)hart (http://www.fcpablog.com/blog/2017/4/18/kristy-grant-hart-singapore-adopts-iso-37001.html)- (http://www.fcpablog.com/blog/2017/4/18/kristy-grant-hart-singapore-adopts-iso-37001.html)singapore (http://www.fcpablog.com/blog/2017/4/18/kristy-grant-hart-singapore-adopts-iso-37001.html)- (http://www.fcpablog.com/blog/2017/4/18/kristy-grant-hart-singapore-adopts-iso-37001.html)adopts (http://www.fcpablog.com/blog/2017/4/18/kristy-grant-hart-singapore-adopts-iso-37001.html)- (http://www.fcpablog.com/blog/2017/4/18/kristy-grant-hart-singapore-adopts-iso-37001.html)iso (http://www.fcpablog.com/blog/2017/4/18/kristy-grant-hart-singapore-adopts-iso-37001.html)-37001. (http://www.fcpablog.com/blog/2017/4/18/kristy-grant-hart-singapore-adopts-iso-37001.html)html (http://www.fcpablog.com/blog/2017/4/18/kristy-grant-hart-singapore-adopts-iso-37001.html)].        ISO 37001   .          2017.     ,    ISO 37001[36 - Fang, J. Local Chinese Regulator Develops Anti-Bribery Management System Based on ISO 37001 (FCPA Blog, 31 July 2017) // www.fcpablog.com/blog/2017/7/31/jerry-fang-local-chinese-regulator-develops-anti-bribery-man.html (http://www.fcpablog.com/blog/2017/7/31/jerry-fang-local-chinese-regulator-develops-anti-bribery-man.html)].

 ISO 37001        -[37 - . .: Grant-Hart K. and Trevley D. Microsoft and Wal-Mart seek ISO 37001 Anti-Bribery Certification (FCPA Blog, 11 May 2017) // www.fcpablog.com/blog/2017/5/11/microsoft-and-wal-mart-seek-iso-37001-anti-bribery-certifica.html (http://www.fcpablog.com/blog/2017/5/11/microsoft-and-wal-mart-seek-iso-37001-anti-bribery-certifica.html)].           -   .               -  .   ,  ,          ,                   .                     .       ,  ,     ,     -    ,  .            -   .   ,             .

     ISO 37001     ,               ,       .

          ,         ,       -    .        ,        . ,      ,    -  ,   .

   -   ,           ,        .                   ().

        ,        . ,        ,             .

    2010.        , ,               8 2011.                2010.[38 - Agreement for the Establishment of the International Anti-Corruption Academy as an International Organization. // www.parlament.gv.at/PAKT/VHG/XXIV/I/I_00924/imfname_196826.pdf (http://www.parlament.gv.at/PAKT/VHG/XXIV/I/I_00924/imfname_196826.pdf)]            ᠖      [39 - Agreement between the Republic of Austria and the International Anti-Corruption Academy (IACA) regarding the Seat of the International Anti-Corruption Academy in Austria // www.ris.bka.gv.at/Dokumente/BgblAuth/BGBLA_2012_III_100/COO_2026_100_2_758776.pdfsig (http://www.ris.bka.gv.at/Dokumente/BgblAuth/BGBLA_2012_III_100/COO_2026_100_2_758776.pdfsig)].       75   4   [40 - www.iaca.int/who-we-are/constituency-menu/parties-and-signatories.html (http://www.iaca.int/who-we-are/constituency-menu/parties-and-signatories.html)].         頖    .        ,   .                       - .           .

   -        ,     ,     ,     ⠖ .               .               . -     ,      ,  ,   ,       .          ,    , ,     .




  .


   .

   ,     (https://www.litres.ru/pages/biblio_book/?art=63507577)  .

      Visa, MasterCard, Maestro,    ,   ,     ,  PayPal, WebMoney, ., QIWI ,       .



notes








1


Transparency International. What is corruption? // https://www.transparency.org/en/what-is-corruption (https://www.transparency.org/en/what-is-corruption)




2


. .: Moretti D. The use of intermediaries in corrupt deals. Lessons from the Petrobras case for compliance officers. IACA Research Paper Series No. 6/2018 // www.iaca.int/wwwtest/media/attachments/2018/08/14/diogo_rf_paper_final_30_7_2018_format_edit.pdf (http://www.iaca.int/wwwtest/media/attachments/2018/08/14/diogo_rf_paper_final_30_7_2018_format_edit.pdf)




3


 . -     24 .  , 06.04.2018 // https://rg.ru/2018/04/06/sud-vynes-prigovor-eks-prezidentu-iuzhnoj-korei-pak-kyn-he.html (https://rg.ru/2018/04/06/sud-vynes-prigovor-eks-prezidentu-iuzhnoj-korei-pak-kyn-he.html)




4


The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/the World Bank, (2011). The Puppet Masters. // https://star.worldbank.org/star/publication/puppet-masters (https://star.worldbank.org/star/publication/puppet-masters)




5


FATF, 2019. Guidance for a risk-based approach to virtual assets and virtual asset service providers. // https://www.fatf-gafi.org/media/fatf/documents/recommendations/RBA-VA-VASPs.pdf (https://www.fatf-gafi.org/media/fatf/documents/recommendations/RBA-VA-VASPs.pdf); Money laundering risks from stablecoins and other emerging assets. // http://www.fatf-gafi.org/publications/fatfgeneral/documents/statement-virtual-assets-global-stablecoins.html (http://www.fatf-gafi.org/publications/fatfgeneral/documents/statement-virtual-assets-global-stablecoins.html)




6


Europol, (2016). Migrant smuggling in the EU // https://www.europol.europa.eu/newsroom/news/europol-launches-european-migrant-smuggling-centre (https://www.europol.europa.eu/newsroom/news/europol-launches-european-migrant-smuggling-centre)




7


Business integrity handbook. Guidance on compliance knowledge, skills and strategies // www.cblf.org.cn/Uploads/%7BEB370E52-2ED6-43AE-836D-32CD88B69D5C%7D_Business%20Integrity%20Handbook%20%28with%20bookmarks%29.pdf (http://www.cblf.org.cn/Uploads/%7BEB370E52-2ED6-43AE-836D-32CD88B69D5C%7D_Business%20Integrity%20Handbook%20(with%20bookmarks).%20pdf). p. p.2627




8


. .: Passas N. Lawful but awful: Legal corporate crimes. // Journal of Socio-Economics 34(6):771-786  December 2005.




9


Ivanov E., AML/CFT and anti-corruption compliance regulation: two parallel roads? IACA Research Paper Series No. 2/2018 // http://iaca.int/images/Research/Research_paper_02_Eduard_Ivanov_final.pdf (http://iaca.int/images/Research/Research_paper_02_Eduard_Ivanov_final.pdf)




10


UK Bribery Act of 2010 // <http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2010/23/contents>




11


StR 265/16 (2017). Bundesgerichtshof Urteil vom 9. Mai 20171. Bundesgerichtshof. // http://juris.bundesgerichtshof.de/cgibin/rechtsprechung/document.py?Gericht=bg h&Art=en&sid=e7e52afeccef97aeefe7cebf0d750b91&nr=78723&pos=0&anz=1




12


Companies Act No. 71 of 2008 // https://www.justice.gov.za/legislation/acts/2008-071amended.pdf




13


Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, PL 95-213, Title 1; 91 Stat 1494, Dec 19, 1977




14


LOI n 2016-1691 du 9 dcembre 2016 relative ? la transparence, ? la lutte contre la corruption et ? la modernisation de la vie conomique (1) // www.legifrance.gouv.fr/eli/loi/2016/12/9/2016-1691/jo/texte (http://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/eli/loi/2016/12/9/2016-1691/jo/texte)




15


. .: Zapata M. Collective action theory applied to anti-corruption practice: A Bolivian case study. IACA Research Paper Series No. 7/2018 // https://www.iaca.int/media/attachments/2020/01/09/research_paper_07_martin_zapata_final.pdf




16


    // http://ach.tpprf.ru/anti-bribes/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%8F_RUS.pdf




17


International standards on combating money laundering, the financing of terrorism and proliferation (the FATF Recommendations). [pdf] FATF. // http://www.fatfgafi.org/media/fatf/documents/recommendations/pdfs/FATF_Recommendations.pdf




18


      // "  ", 2006, N 10, . 7 54.




19


                  //   . 2012. N 7. . 72 85.




20


. .:  . .  -   . .: , 2015. . 13.-19




21


Ivanov, E. Overview of Anti-Corruption Compliance Standards and Guidelines. Practical Tool. // https://www.iaca.int/images/Research/Overview_of_Compliance_Standards_and_Guidelines.pdf (https://www.iaca.int/images/Research/Overview_of_Compliance_Standards_and_Guidelines.pdf)




22


UNODC, 2013. An Anti-Corruption Ethics and Compliance Programme for Business: A Practical Guide. // https://www.unodc.org/documents/corruption/Publications/2013/13-84498_Ebook.pdf (https://www.unodc.org/documents/corruption/Publications/2013/13-84498_Ebook.pdf)




23


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30


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31


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