 .      
 

 


           .           . ,    ,   ,        ,      .

    :      ,     ,            ,     .

   ,        ,    ,         .





 ,  

 .      



  

  

  . 

  . 

 . , . 

  . 

  . 

- . 



Michael M.E. Johns, MD, and Kenneth Brigham, MD, 2020

Originally published by Seven Stories Press, Inc. NewYork, U.S.A.

   , , .   , 2021



  .           () .  ,  ,   ,  ,   ,          .  ,   ,     ,  ,          ,      ,   ,       .

,      ,  ,   ,        () ,        ,    .


?


    ,   ,   : ,   .

  






 


       . ,  ,       蠖 ,  , , ,     ,    .           ,      ,  ,  .       :    ,    ,   ,   ,  ,          ..  ,     ,     ,    (, ,   )   .  ,      .   ,    , ,   ,               .

          .    ,        .      ,       .      ,        ,     .   :            . ,         ,      .        .

,        ,   ,    .  ,   ,    ,          (:   ).      ,  ,   .

           ,  ,        .






   


    ,     , , , ,   .   . -      ,   ,        ,   ,     .    .

  :    .     ,        .       ,         .

    :  堖   .       ,        .         蠖   ,      ;              ,             .

             ,                   .         ,                 ,      .    ,      ,   .      ,     .

    ,         , ,   ,   ,          .              ,      ,    .         -                     .

         .               .     .  , ,          ,             ,           .     ,        .




 I

 





 1

    (  ,    )


    ,     ,       ,       - ?   ,     ,       .            .   .     ,    ,            .       XIX,   ,       [1 - The William Osler Papers Father of Modern Medicine: The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, 18891905; Profiles in Science. National Library of Medicine.],      [2 -   (18491919)  ,     .   (17951873)  ,           .],             .    ,     ,              ?   ,     , , ,  ,      ,     ,  -  .              ,        ?    ,         . ,         .       ?

   .       , ,    ,   , ,  ,             ,    .           ,        ,     .           ,       ,   ,            .     ,        ,    .

      .    ,    ,    ,    .           .        ,      -   .

   ,    ,     ,    ,   ,     . ,         ,   .        ,      .           .

,      .       ,     ,     .     : ꠖ   ,          . ,   ,      .    ,    .

,       ,      ,  ,    ,    ,       ,     ,    ,  .  ,     ,          ;     䠖 ,        -,   .             ,     . ,     ,         ,      ,           ,  ,  .

           ,       ,  ,            ,   .    ,     ,       ,   ,        ,             .   ,    ,        ,   :        .  :      ,         , ,   ,       ,    .

  ( )       ,   ,  ,    [3 -   , . .].  35           : ,     .  :  ?  ,                 ,    .      ,  ,    ,    ,    .     ,     . , , :         ,       ,   -  .

             ࠖ ,          ,   .             ,    .

     ,               .  ,       ,  ,    ,     ,      ;         .  :       ,  ,       .             ,       ,     .      ( . katamenios , pneuma , thorax ).         ,    ,  ,        .

,      ,   ,     :   ,          .  ,     ?

 ,    :  ࠖ    [4 - Sir William Osler: Aphorisms from His Bedside Teachings and Writings. Henry Schulman, Inc., 1950.].          .      .              -      (  )[5 - J Hinson, Jr, K Brigham, J Daniell. Catamenial pneumothorax in sisters. Chest. 1981; 80(5):634635.].

      ,     ,      .         ,        :     .       ,          ,       .

    .            .   ,      ,       .      ,   ,   ,         ,  ,    .       .      ,      ,  ,     .   ,    !

     ?       ,           ,     ,        ,   ?        ,        ,     ,   ?

  ,                 ,             -       ;   .   ,       ,        ,   ,           .        .




 2

     



   ,       ,   -   ,   [6 -   , . .].   ,   ,     ,  ,       ,       .      ,  56  ,  ,       ,    ,     堖   ,     .      ,     38         .      ,       .  :    .     !  .

 ,    :    .       .         ,        ,          .     , ,    ,     ,        :          ?

    :   (    )        (,  , ).




   ?


     ,       .               ,   XXI     .                      .

  ,    ,    ,    ,   .     ,     .     ⠖  ,   ,  ,  ,       ,        .          :    .

   ,   ,      ,   .            .   .

   ,       1950- .  ,   ,       ⠖      ,       [7 - Hema Bashyam, JEM News Editor. Lewis Dahl and the genetics of salt-induced hypertension. Journal of Experimental Medicine, 204 (7): 1507, 2007.].    ,   ,    ,      ,      .     ,   ,        ,          .        ,                     ,      :    蠖   ,         .

   2014. American Journal of Hypertension     ,         .   :  ,         ( . . ., . .)[8 - Niels Graudal, Gesche J?rgens, Bo Baslund, and Michael H. Alderman. Compared with usual sodium intake, low- and excessive-sodium diets are associated with increased mortality: ameta-analysis. American Journal of Hypertension, 27:11291137, 2014.].       ,    ,   ,         ,      ,     ,   .

,  ,           .  ,     [9 - Roger Kaza. Engines of our Ingenuity No. 2469. http://uh.edu/engines/epi2469.htm (http://uh.edu/engines/epi2469.htm).],          ,     ,     1980.      [10 - Ancel Keys (ed), Seven Countries: A multivariate analysis of death and coronary heart disease. Harvard University Press, 1980.].   (    )            ,    ,        ;            ,     .          76  ,   Annals of Internal Medicine  2014.[11 - Rajiv Chowdhury, MD, PhD; Samantha Warnakula, MPhil*; Setor Kunutsor, MD, MSt*; Francesca Crowe, PhD; Heather A. Ward, PhD; Laura Johnson, PhD; Oscar H. Franco, MD, PhD; Adam S. Butterworth, PhD; Nita G. Forouhi, MRCP, PhD; Simon G. Thompson, FMedSci; Kay-Tee Khaw, FMedSci; Dariush Mozaffarian, MD, DrPH; John Danesh, FRCP*; and Emanuele Di Angelantonio, MD, PhD*. Association of Dietary, Circulating, and Supplement Fatty Acids with Coronary Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Annals of Internal Medicine. 160 (6):398406, 2014.], :        ,    -              .  ,   ,       ,    . ,      1980.,       .

,      .              ⠖    ,  ,  ,  ,   ,    .     ,     ,            ,  .   ,      ,         .        (    ),         . ,        : ,    [12 -   . .   .].




     ?


         ,      ,      .          .   ,       ,   .       (     ),    ,       .    ,      .

       (The Median Isnt the Message)[13 - Stephen Jay Gould. The Median Isnt the Message. https://people.umass.edu/biep540w/pdf/Stephen%20Jay%20Gould.pdf (https://people.umass.edu/biep540w/pdf/Stephen%20Jay%20Gould.pdf).]      ,   ,      .     , ;  ,      , ࠖ .          ,    ,      5.        ,     ,   .       , ,             5,        ,    .      ,   ,      .    20     .                      , ,       .

     ,       ,     , ,      .        ,          .      ,    .                .    ,    .        .

,    ,    ,    ,    ,    .      ,       ?    ,        ,           (     ).

           ,          ,     1.

           - ,         (),    ,    ,       ,   .    ,  100%     (0% ),          .        .        蠖       .

,   ,    ,           ,     .        :  ,           ,     .      ,          . ,     (100- ),         .     , ,  ,              ,    .        .








,        ,  ,      ,  .       .  ,      ?   .     .     :   ,   (  )    ;         .

   .        ,        ,    ,        [14 - Susan Knight, Deborah Symmons. Masterclass: A man with intermittent fever and arthralgia. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, 1998; 57:711714.].   ,     - ,    .         ,     .          ,      -, ,    ,   .  ,         ,             .        ,   ,       .              ,      .        ,        (),      ,    䠖  ,   ,    .     ,      ,         .   ,           ,          .            ,      1907., ,   ,   .     ,       .

,       ,              ,              .    ?

      .   ?      ,     .    ,           ,      ,     .   ?

     .        ,       ,   .        ?   ?      ?      ?      ,   ,        ?   ,         ,     ,     .      ,          ,    .            /     .     ,       ,       .       .




        ?


       :   ,      ?   ,   ,   ,                .

 ,   The NewYork Times,            [15 - Gina Kolata. Treatment for Leukemia, Glimpses of the Future. The NewYork Times. July 7, 2012. http://www.nytimes.com/2012/07/08/health/in-gene-sequencing-treatment-for-leukemia-glimpses-of-the-future.html?_r=0 (http://www.nytimes.com/2012/07/08/health/in-gene-sequencing-treatment-for-leukemia-glimpses-of-the-future.html?_r=0).].       .           ,    ,    .    ,    ,   (          -)    , , ,   .      .           ,       .          ,     .

  ࠖ  ,    .    ,   ,        .         ,            ,    . !   .     ,   ,   .   (  !),     ,    ,         .          (   ,     ).          ,        .            ,        




  .


   .

   ,     (https://www.litres.ru/pages/biblio_book/?art=63617388)  .

      Visa, MasterCard, Maestro,    ,   ,     ,  PayPal, WebMoney, ., QIWI ,       .



notes








1


The William Osler Papers Father of Modern Medicine: The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, 18891905; Profiles in Science. National Library of Medicine.




2


  (18491919)  ,     .   (17951873)  ,           .




3


  , . .




4


Sir William Osler: Aphorisms from His Bedside Teachings and Writings. Henry Schulman, Inc., 1950.




5


J Hinson, Jr, K Brigham, J Daniell. Catamenial pneumothorax in sisters. Chest. 1981; 80(5):634635.




6


  , . .




7


Hema Bashyam, JEM News Editor. Lewis Dahl and the genetics of salt-induced hypertension. Journal of Experimental Medicine, 204 (7): 1507, 2007.




8


Niels Graudal, Gesche J?rgens, Bo Baslund, and Michael H. Alderman. Compared with usual sodium intake, low- and excessive-sodium diets are associated with increased mortality: ameta-analysis. American Journal of Hypertension, 27:11291137, 2014.




9


Roger Kaza. Engines of our Ingenuity No. 2469. http://uh.edu/engines/epi2469.htm (http://uh.edu/engines/epi2469.htm).




10


Ancel Keys (ed), Seven Countries: A multivariate analysis of death and coronary heart disease. Harvard University Press, 1980.




11


Rajiv Chowdhury, MD, PhD; Samantha Warnakula, MPhil*; Setor Kunutsor, MD, MSt*; Francesca Crowe, PhD; Heather A. Ward, PhD; Laura Johnson, PhD; Oscar H. Franco, MD, PhD; Adam S. Butterworth, PhD; Nita G. Forouhi, MRCP, PhD; Simon G. Thompson, FMedSci; Kay-Tee Khaw, FMedSci; Dariush Mozaffarian, MD, DrPH; John Danesh, FRCP*; and Emanuele Di Angelantonio, MD, PhD*. Association of Dietary, Circulating, and Supplement Fatty Acids with Coronary Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Annals of Internal Medicine. 160 (6):398406, 2014.




12


  . .   .




13


Stephen Jay Gould. The Median Isnt the Message. https://people.umass.edu/biep540w/pdf/Stephen%20Jay%20Gould.pdf (https://people.umass.edu/biep540w/pdf/Stephen%20Jay%20Gould.pdf).




14


Susan Knight, Deborah Symmons. Masterclass: A man with intermittent fever and arthralgia. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, 1998; 57:711714.




15


Gina Kolata. Treatment for Leukemia, Glimpses of the Future. The NewYork Times. July 7, 2012. http://www.nytimes.com/2012/07/08/health/in-gene-sequencing-treatment-for-leukemia-glimpses-of-the-future.html?_r=0 (http://www.nytimes.com/2012/07/08/health/in-gene-sequencing-treatment-for-leukemia-glimpses-of-the-future.html?_r=0).


