  .  1.  :     1848 
  


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  .  1:  :     1848 

      



THE CAMBRIDGE HISTORY OF CAPITALISM

Volume 1

The Rise of Capitalism: From Ancient Origins to 1848



Edited by

Larry Neal and Jeffrey G. Williamson



 

    



  

 



 

 



Larry Neal and Jeffrey G. Williamson (eds), The Cambridge History of Capitalism: Volume 1, The Rise of Capitalism: From Ancient Origins to 1848 Syndicate of the Press of the University of Cambridge



 Cambridge University Press 2014

   , 2021




 


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             ,    -   ,           .              軠   ,      ,     .              ,        ,      ,   XXI  -     .


* * *

        ,        ,      .   ,    XX ,     ,   .  ,   ,          .            ,   ,   ,     ,            .     ,       1980- ,    ,          .

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 XIX               .   ,    -             .      ,   , ,  , ,  .    ,   ,   ,      ,        .             ;                ;          .

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                XIX .    ,       1648     1815 ,                 ,              (),   ( )     () (Neal 2000).    ,     ,             1648  1815 ,   ,    ,   ,    (.: O,  12).

   ,  ,     ,       ,      ,     ,      .             .        ,      ,     .         ( )    ( ).      ,                 .                ,         , ,  ,       .    9     13           .

   ,         ,     ,    ,    ,  -     ,                ,    .           ,               .           ,     (Allen 1997)   (Wong 1997) ,   ,    ?                        ,     - ,    ,         ,   -      ?

       (Hicks 1969)    ,   .     ,          ( ),    ( ),  , ,                ,           .   ,    ,    ,         ,          .   ,     ,           ,           .     ,     ,    ,  .       .         ,     -  .             .             ,      :     ,  ,    .              (Rajan and Zingales 2003),   ,         ,    (Rajan 2010;  2013),     ,            .             ,          ,        (Schumpeter 1950;  1995),  ,           (Bell 1976).

 ,          -,   ,    .         ,       .    ,  ,          ,    ,   ,     ,             ,   .     ,     ( 6  ), ,            ,           .

             .       . . , ,      ,  ,      ,     XVIII .    (T.S.Ashton 1948),   ,    ,     XVIII       . ,    ,   ,             ,    XVIII  ( 10  ).        ,         (Rousseau 2003).       ,          ,          ,      .     , , ,                 .  ,                   .     ,   ,              .     ?          ?    ,    ?    ,              ? ,   ,        1688    ,           ,        !







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2.  I          

 








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       (Jursa 2010a: 316468).              .         .                 II  III   ..              VI   ..     25%  ,    .  ,                 .             ,       .          .    :                    (Jursa 2010a: 405418). ,   VIII       ,  VI    [12 -              ,        ,  .]  ,  V            . ,                ,          ( 10-100% (Jursa 2010a: 5152)).              :                    , ,   .

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         , , .  ,            ,           . -,     ,      ,    . ,        VII   VI   ..,                .   ,        .    ,          .      ,       (     ).                      .   , ,                   ,   .          ,             ,           .   ,  ,     ,              II   ..,              .  ,   ()         ;    ,       .

  ,   ,        ,         ,          .    ,        ,      ,      longue dure (  )  ,     ,  l'histoire conjoncturelle(    ),    .  ,      ,        ,     . ,          (539   ..)      VI ;         ,        .

  V   ,      ,      ,          , .        ,       ,   ,     .              -    ,        ,       ,          .          ,        VI , , ,           .    , ,       ,    ,   .   longue dure      ,     ,               . , ,   .     VI                   .        .







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3.   

 



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      Visa, MasterCard, Maestro,    ,   ,     ,  PayPal, WebMoney, ., QIWI ,       .



notes








1


  (Hutton 1795)     ,       ,       .             , -  .




2


      , ..    .      ,         ,   .                  Postgate (1994)  Liverani (2011).     . Van de Mieroop (1999)  Radner and Robson (2011).




3


          : Adams (1981).      . : Matthews 2003  Wilkinson 2003.




4


.: Gras-lin-Thome (2009: 91-131)  Jursa (2010a: 1333),          ,           ,        ໠   ໠      .




5


., Renger (2005; 2007: 193). . : Dahl (2010),  ,    III              .                       黠        (.. )  ( . : Jursa [2010a: 19]).




6


     ,     II   ..,    III   ..      ,  ,  ,     (., Jursa 2002; Garfinkle 2012).




7


   III   .. .: van Driel (2002) and Garfinkle (2012),    ()     .. .: Stol (2004: 868-99),  I   .. .: Gras-lin-Thome (2009).




8


.: Goldstone (2002)  , . 6.




9


      (Jursa 2010a),        .    .




10


    ,         ,     .




11


,     ,                ,     ,                  (Pamuk and Shatzmiller 2014; Pamuk ( 8  )).




12


             ,        ,  .




13


    ()     ,        (Jursa [2010a: 642]  ,          ,   , ).      ,  ,  Pirngruber (2012).




14


. chattel-slavery, ..       chattel. . .


