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Lynn Garafola

DIAGHILEVS BALLETS RUSSES



       



 : ,   - . (19111989)   :  ,       17   29  1979 .

  , , 2021



 1989 by Lynn Garafola

  ..,    , 2021

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         ໠    .  2009          . , ,      ,     ,    .   ,   ,      ,    .        ,  ,       , ,    ,     .

              .        ,      ;    ,     ,   ,   ,    .       ,     ,          .       ,     .        ,      , ,   ,   .  ,     ,         , ,          ,           .    ,      ,      ,       .         .    ,        ,   ,                    .

    .      ,  ,      .     ,    ,     ,     ,          1905.   ,   ⠓  ,   ,  ⠓ ,    [1 -     ,       ⠫  1899. T. 1, 34,   (), .58.].        򻠖    ,    ,   ,              . ,                ,      .             ,      ,  .       ,    (      ),     -   .      ,    蠫 ,          ,   ,   .                ,           ,     - .

   ,  ,     .     ,    , ,   ,             .    ,    1920  -,            1790-.   ,      ,      ,     :       .       ,        [2 - Cimarosa at Covent Garden. Italian Opera and Russian Ballet. M. Diaghileffs Theory of Acting, The Observer, 20June 1920, p.10.].        (1925),           ,  ,           .           :   ,    ,           ,     .            ,               .                    , ,    ,      [3 - Vernon Duke, Passport to Paris (Boston: Little, Brown, 1955), p.121.].  (1928)         .              .              . (      ,    ,  ,         [4 - Nicolas Nabokov, Old Friends and New Music (London: Hamish Hamilton, 1951), p.67.].)     ,    (1923),   ,      .  ,      .  ,         . ,     ,  ; ,      .       ,       [5 - Les Noces. M. Diaghileff Replies to the Critics. A Wedding or a Funeral? The Observer, 20June 1926, p.11.].

     ,    .     ,      ,     ,      .   1917   ,     ,  .      (   ),        .     , ,    ,     -,    ,    .                 ,    .       ,     ,     .

    ,            ,        ⠫  .   1916,               .       ,      ,      ,       ,      ,          ,              󻠖       .  ,       .     ,            ,        .    ,   -,    蠫    [6 - Olin Downes, Diaghileff Explains His Ballets Origins, Boston Sunday Post, 23January 1916, p.31.].

      ,          ,                  .  -    ,           ,      ,      .     ,    ,          .       ,              ,  ,    ,        .  ,       ,       ,   1920-  ⠫              [7 - Arnold Haskell, Diaghilev: His Artistic and Private Life (London: Gollancz, 1935), pp.328, 335.].          ,       ,        ,     ,         1926,   ,                    .   ,                 .     ⠫ ,     ,      .     ,      ,    ,  ,       ,   - ,      [8 - Les Noces. M. Diaghileff Replies to the Critics.].

      蠫,      ,         [9 -  .   //  .  , 1899. T. 1. 34. . 60.].        .  ,         ,       ,         (1929),      .    ,  ,   ,    -- ⠓ [10 -  .    [  ]        .. //     . T. 1. ., 1982. .257.].       ,        .  1926           :        蠫    ,   ,      [11 - Beverley Nichols, Celebrities in Undress: XIV. Diaghileff, The Sketch, 30June 1926, p.526.].             ,         ,   ,      .     ,     ,      ,            .     ,       .      ,   ,        .         ,   ,   ,   [12 -  .    [  ] .256.].      ,     ,      ,      ,              .



 2009
 




  


  Diaghilevs Ballets Russes             .

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  XX   ,           ,    .       1909 1929,          ,  .       XX: , -, ,   ,  , , , ,  ,  ,        .        XX   ,  ,  ,    ,           1970- .      XX      :     ,   ,  ,  ,  ;   ,   ,  ,    .  ,    ,    ,           .          !      ,     .    ,   XX    .

              , , ,     -.         ,  1909         .    ,    (   -  Ballets Russes).     ,    ,         .              .   ⠫        ,    .              ,    , , .            1914               ,        .

 ,           ,       ,   raison d?tre    ,     .        : , , , , , ,    ,        .      , ,     ,        .   : ,   ,  ,  , ,  ,             . ,   ,      ,      ,       ,     ,      .       ,     .           XIX .

             .        ,      .            ,       .         ,              .               ,       .               .       ,       XIX.     ,      ,       ,     .          XX   ,   1920- .



         . 1920, 1930 1940-        ,         ,  ,   ,    .        ,               .      -  (   ),            .       (   ),           ,   -  ,          .        ,      :    ,   ,    ,     ,      -,             . ,            ,     .

          , ,  .          ,  ,             1929,      .         ,      ,             .    1872       .       ,          .            ,      ,     ,   .

 ,  ,       .       ,  ,   ,   -.    ,   .  ,     ,     ,     ,   ,             .   1890-          .     ,        ,         .        ,    1898       1904.

        ,   [13 -   (. The Yellow Book)    ,  18941897.      . . .]            .       ,      .   ,           .         ,      ,      ,      .     .         ,          ,         1905,       XVIII,      .     ,          :     -  ,       .   1900-       ,       .

      ,    .      ,  ,         .          ,                 ,  , ,  蠫.       1890-         .                   ,  1899             .                   .       ,    ,         ,      ,         .

       ,        .      ,    ,      .    1905,          ,       .  1906       ,         .  1908             ,     - ,      .

,    ,         -,       .      ,    .     ,         .       ,            ,        .                1909         .  ,        .        ,   ,    XIX            .  -  ,      ,    ,       ,         .

,  ,       .       ;        ;        ;      .        ,     .        ,   , ,        ,    ,        . ,   ,   ,          ,                 .

  ,      ,         .      ,    ,  , , , , -,    .       ,              .        ,       ,          .      ,        ,    .  ,   ,    ,   ,        .         .       ,       .       -; -     .      ,         .         .   ,        ;       .            ,     . ,    ,           .    ,       ,       .



          .      1830- 1840-        .          .     ,        .         .                ,         .     , ,        ,        .         : ,                 -.           .

         .             .  ,       ,         ,    .       ,       ,   -      .       ,            ,    .       ,      ,      ,       .      , , .   ,   ,            .               .           ,     ,  ,   .

  , ,  ,       .                ,        .               ,      , -, -, ,  ,        .

              ,   1930- .    ,     .   ,       ,      .     ,   ,   .     ,     ,          ,       ,     ,      ,     .    ,       .  ,         ,     ,             .

,  ,  ,   .     XIX      .        ,     .           ,          ,   ,    ;  ,    ;  ,   ,  ,      .    , ,          ,    .      ,    ,  ,                    1905,    ,                 .       ,        .        .       ,       .



-
 1989
. .




I







1

   


9 1905     -                        .   ,   ,      ,    ,     [14 - Sydney Harcave, First Blood: The Russian Revolution of 1905 (New York: Macmillan, 1964), pp. 285289.].

                    .       .      ,      .  :



 ,        : ,     ,      ,      ,             . , ,  []      .       ,       [15 - . : Serge Prokofiev, Prokofiev by Prokofiev: A Composers Memoir, trans. Guy Daniels (Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1979), p. 131.].


 ,    ,  -,       ,      ,          .    ,        -        ,         [16 - Ibid. Pp. 136138.        .:  . . . . -.  18981908. . 2. .: , 1960. . 334337.].

     ,    1905.     . ,            .              ,     .    ,        ,   ,   ,    .       :                 1909.    ,     ,                        .              ,         .       ,    ,   ,     :          .       ,    ,     ,              ,   [17 -   . : Natalia Roslavleva, Era of the Russian Ballet 17701965, foreword Ninette de Valois (London: Gollancz, 1966), p. 169;  ,    15  1905. //  . .    . 19031906. . / . . . . ; .  . .   . . ; . . . , . .   . . . .: . . , 2006. . 534;  . .  :  2. /. . . . ; . . . ; . . . . .: . . , 1999. (Ballets Russes). . 1. 1999. . 222, 223.].

  ,  -      ,        1890-  (             ,       ,   , ,  蠫 ).      :  ,      ,   .       ,     .          ,              ,         ,        ,         . ,   ,                ,     , ,         .     ,    ,               ,    ,            [18 - Roslavleva, . 169;  . .  . . 1. . 222;  .  .  / . . . . . .:  , 2004. . 173.].

   1905   .       , ,    , .              ,  ,        . ,     [19 -        . . .]    ,         ,     .       [20 -  .  . . 175, 176.].          .

    ,      1905       .      , ,    ,    ,   ,  ,                . (,           ,  ,  ,        .)  ,   , prima ballerina assoluta        II,       , ,     ,   .  ,    ,     ,   ,     ,   ,   ,         .    ⠓      ,   ,          [21 -  . . 180; Roslavleva, Era p. 168;  . .     //  .  .  . , . .; .: , 1962. . 27; Keith Money, Anna Pavlova: Her Life and Art (New York: Knopf, 1982), p. 88;  . .  . . 1. . 231.].  ,     ,           .

          ,          .  1907            .  19071908        ,       ,        .              1908,       1909,        .         :   ( ),        19091910,     ,   ,    1909. (   ,  ,   ,    ,  ,  1908     .)

       ,                 .  :



     ,  , ,      ,  .  ,       .      .       .  . [  1910. ] -  ,   ,     .       [22 - Adolph Bolm, autobiographical typescript, Part II, p. 9, Adolph Bolm Collection, George Arents Research Library, Syracuse University. .  c. 18    . 4      ; Money, Anna Pavlova, . 6769, 7579;  . .  . . 1. . 324; Ballet and Dancers in London, Diaghilev Scrapbooks, II, n. p., Theater Museum (London); Courrier des Th?tres, Figaro, 20 May 1909, p. 6; Robert Brussel, La Vie de Paris. Mathilde Kchessinska, Figaro, 22 May 1908, p. 1.      ,   ,     . ,  1902.  ,   -,   .      ,   ,        .  ,    - 30  1902.,    .     ,  ,  ,  . Roland John Wiley, Memoirs of R. E. Drigo, Part II, Dancing Times, June 1982, p. 662.      ,       -  1897.     ,   1900-         ,   ,   . Nouvelles Locales, Gazette de Monaco, 30 March 1897, p. 1; 13 April 1897, p. 1.     1900.    ,       -.].


             ,       .

    ,       ,  ,        .          .    ꠫  ,          ,   ,      .                   ,         .         ꠫  ,    ,                -  ,        [23 -  . .  :  2. /. . . . ; . . . ; . . . . .: . . , 1999. (Ballets Russes). . 2. 1999. . 75;  .   . 193.].  1905             ,         .            ,     .

          1905    ,    ,   .   ,   ,       ,  ,             [24 - Roslavleva, Era, pp. 166, 167;  . .     //  .  . . 26.].     ,      ,     15 1905,         ,     . ,  , 1920- 1930- ,        ,   蠫 ,       1905.   ,    ,         ,         [25 - Roslavleva, Era, pp. 170174.].

               ,         .     1906   1909-           :   ,   ,           .          ,           ,      .      ,    ,     ,   ,    [26 -  .   . 189.  ,   ,      ,  ,      .      () :    (20  1905., . );   (12  1906., . ); - (12  1906., . );  (12  1906., . );   (8  1906., . );   (8  1906.);  (19  1906., . );   (26  1908.);    (3  1908., . );    (26  1909.).    ,          ,      ,     򻠖 - (26  1906., . ),     (16  1908., . )  -    (6  1908., . ).        ,     ,  .   ,   19051917., .  I.].           -            1906.           : ,     , ,      .          ,    ,  , ,  (   ),  ,   Bal poudr,        .    ,      ,   ,    ,      :   (  Bal poudr),    .

        .            1907,                      ,   ,    ,   ,           ...   ,  ,    [27 -  .   . 193.].            .   ,    ,            1905,     ,         ,          .      ,  ,    ,    [28 -  . . 203.].

         , ,     XX,       . ,    ,     ,  ,    , , ,     :



   ,     .                 [] (1896)    ,     .           ,             , ,                .              [29 - Tamara Karsavina, Origins of the Russian Ballet, Dancing Times, September 1966, pp. 624, 636.]


                :



    ,   ,   ,    ,     ,        <> ,   ,    . <>         <>  ,  ,    ,  <>  ,   ,    [30 -  M.   . 124.].


 1904,    ,      .          ,   ,      .    ,          .  :



           .      :         XV          .       ,   :      ?[31 - . : Roslavleva, Era, . 175.]


         ,      ,   .         :    ,         ,      :



         ,  ,  ,  .          .            ,     ,    ,     [32 - . : Cyril W. Beaumont, Michel Fokine and His Ballets (London, 1935; rpt. New York: Dance Horizons, 1981), pp. 23, 24.].


      ,           .        ,        , ,     ,       ,      .      ,            .                 .   ,      ,      ,   ,  ,    ,    ,     .     ,   ,   ,     [33 -  M.   . 127.].

 ,      .      ,   ,   .    ,       ,   ,  ,  ,   ;          , ;     , , .    ,    . ,       ,        ,   ,          .  , , ,   ,         ,        ,      [34 -  . . 135.]. ,     ,    .      ,   ;        ,  ,          .

 ,      ,           .                 ,      ,       .   ,    ,             ,   ,       .        ,     ,       .           , !,    ,         .         ,        ,   [35 -  . . 142.].        ,         , , ,    :    ,     ,    .             ,  ,    ,         ,   [36 -  . . 137.].

       .            .   ,  ,            ,         ,        .           .

        ,         ,   ,     .        (     ),    (      ),    (  ),   (     ),     (     ).    ,     1830- ,       .     .

       .     :    ,    .   ,       .    ,         ,  蠫,       .     ,  [37 - Andre Levinson, A Crisis in the Ballets Russes, Theatre Arts Monthly, November 1926, p. 786.]     ,        ,    ,    ,     .      , ,           .

      ,      .         ,    ,             .             ,        .   :



   ,        ,     .        pas de basque  ballonne,          pas de basque,      grand battement              ,           ,      ,     [38 - . : Vera Krasovskaya, Marius Petipa and The Sleeping Beauty , trans. Cynthia Read, Dance Perspectives, 49 (Spring 1972), p. 10.].


        (   ,     ).        ,        .            , ,  ,      , ,  ,   [39 -  M.   . 176.].             .

     , , , .    ,   ,    genre nouveau[40 -   (.). . .], ,             [41 -     ,   :              ,     ,         genre nouveau,    ,     . Serge Oukrainsky,  Two Years With the Dancing Genius of the Age: Anna Pavlowa (Hollywood: Suttonhouse, [1940]), p. 56.].    19061918-  ,         ,        .     ,     ,   .  1906          蠫 ,      .  1907      ,   .       ,     ,       ,       .         , grand ballet  ,               .    ,  , ,   ,     [42 -  M.   . 175.].            .      ,        ,       [43 -  . . 177.].    (    )     ,   ,           .   ,      [44 -  . . 175.],     ,    .       .       1912   ,           .   ,         1915,     ,        .              ,    ,       1914.           ,   ,      ,    ,     ,     [45 -  .].

        ,        .    ,      ,         .        ,  軠  ,       ?;  蠫      ,  [46 -   ,    1909.  - , ,     .       ,  ,   ,   廠     .].      :                  .        ,  ,                .       ,  1908           .           ,         .               ,      .     ,     ,   ,      .    ,     1912,    .      , ,  ,          .

, ,      . ,    1910-,    .    ,   ,               ![47 -  .   . 243.]       蠫 ,         1909.       .       :        .        :  ,       ,         [48 -  . . 233; Roslavleva, Era, pp. 127128.   ,    ,   ,        .  . .  . . 1. . 209, 210.   .: Prince Peter Lieven, The Birth of Ballets-Russes, trans. L. Zarine (London: Allen and Unwin, 1936), p. 82.].      :              ,      . ( ,    ,          :          .)

Genre nouveau        ,    .        .                 ,         .   ,   XIX       .                 .   ,         ,  ,  .   1878      ,        ,           [49 -  .  :  5 . T. 1. .: , 1980. . 304.].   , -,   ,  ,   .  1864,        ,     .   ,  ,     ,         ,        ,   .    ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  [50 -  .].  genre nouveau    :       ,   1911     .  ..      (     )  ,  ,     .        ,    ,     [51 -  . . . 2 (19081917). .; .: Academia, 1929. . 164.].

    1907       .   ,      .           [52 - Joan Ross Acocella, The Reception of Diaghilevs Ballets Russes by Artists and Intellectuals in Paris and London, 19041914, Diss. Rutgers 1984, p. 138.], ,   ,         . ,      -,   ,          :                   .

 ,           ,     .        ,      ,         .          Arts and Crafts (  ),   , ,       ,   -.         ,  ,        .     ,     ,    ,   ,         .

 ,  ,         .  18951899          ,        1898         ,      .  1893,      ,          :  ,    1890- ,   ,  ,  ,              .  , 18981899       .

       ,         :  ,      1870-   1880-,          .  18961899     (      ,   1885)       :             .        ,    ,   ,    ,            [53 -       ໠ The Five. . .].  -           ,       ,      (   ,       ),   -,     .        -:   (), , ,  ,  ,         蠫.  ,    蠫 ,    ,        [54 -  ,      ,    II.].   ,   ,  . ,    ,   ,   蠫  ,   ꠫ .        -,  1910,         -.

, ,    ,          .        ,           .  ,      1890- ,         .      ,    ,  ,  [55 -  ,      ,    ,           .].  ,           . ,    -,      ,      .   ,    ,             .   1896  1899,         ,          .              ,   ,     ,       .         :          ( ,       ),     ,  :       .    ,     -   ,      .

    ,         ,        .  19081910    ,      ,     (),  (),  (),   (),   (),  () 蠫- ().  1911         ,    - ꠫,         .        ,   ,            , , ,  ,      .          :    ,          .           . ,       XIX      - .  ,            ,    ,  ,       , .         ,        ,       [56 -    .: Stuart Ralph Grover, Savva Mamontov and the Mamontov Circle: 18701905 Art Patronage and the Rise of Nationalism in Russian Art, Diss. Wisconsin 1971, chaps. 3and 4; John E. Bowlt, The Silver Age: Russian Art of the Early Twentieth Century and the World of Art Group (Newtonville, Mass.: Oriental Research Partners, 1979), pp. 3039.    .: Bowlt, pp. 3946, 180 (    ), and . 234 (     ).         : Chloe Obolensky, The Russian Empire: A Portrait in Photographs, introd. Max Hayward (New York: Random House, 1979)  Photographs for the Tsar: The Pioneering Color Photography of Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin  Gorskii Commissioned by Tsar Nicholas II, ed. and introd. Robert H. Allshouse (New York: Dial, 1980).].

    ,       ,       .     ,       .

       .     1880- , ,     ,    ,    ,   . ,       ,    .  ,    1880-   1890-,   ,    (  ),  (),  (),      ,             .  1890-       .  ,  ,       ,  ,          1899.         .    ,         ,    ,          ,         .  1897,      ,    ,          ,  ,         .         ,           .

  ,   ,             .          ,              ,    .     (1902),    , 蠫  (1903),     XIX,     ,     ⠫ (1910),   (1911) 蠫 (1914).    (1902),   (1904) 蠫 (1904),       ,        ,       ,        ,         (1911),   (1912),    (1912).     (1908)         ,    (1909),  (1910),  (1912) 蠫   (1914).    ,             ,       ,    1912      ,     [57 -   ,      : Charles Steven Mayer, The Theatrical Designs of Leon Bakst, Diss. Columbia 1977, chaps. 24.      1  .].         .  ,    ,       ,           . ,     ,   ,     .       ,        ,    .

   ,       .    ,     ,       .         : grand si?cle[58 -   (.). . .] ,     ;   ,       ,    ;   ,    .      ,       .       ,  ,   ,       ,  ,     ,     .            .   ,     ,       ,       XVIII.   1903            .   1907              ,            .      ,   ,        ,     .            .   ,  ,    19071916,       [59 -     : Reminiscences of the Russian Ballet, trans. Mary Britnieva (London: Putnam, 1941); Memoirs, I, trans. Moura Budberg (London: Chatto and Windus, 1960); Memoirs, II, trans. Moura Budberg (London: Chatto and Windus, 1964).      : Roland John Wiley, ed. and trans., Benois and Butter Week Fair, Benois and Butter Week Fair Part II, The Diaghilev Exhibition, Parts I, II, III, Dancing Times, April  August 1984.   .: Bowlts Silver Age,  10,        Russian Stage Design: Scenic Innovation, 19001930 (Jackson, Miss.: Mississippi Museum of Art, 1981).  ,    ,     ,  ,   .  ,      ,     ,     .            ,  XIII.    . Spencer Golub, Evreinov: The Theatre of Paradox and Transformation (Ann Arbor, Mich.: UMI Research Press, 1984), pp. 110120.].

,  ,         .        1907 ,        :



   ,    , .    ,    .      ,      ,   .

       .     ,   .          .  ![60 -  M.   . 184.]


         .      -  XIV,        :            .            Bal poudr,     XVII.   1909,      , 1911-  ,             .   ,         :     ,     .  ,            .

            .  , , ,            ,          .            - ,      ,       ,         XX :



             ,       .                 ,       .       ,     .    ,     ,      . , ,    ,                , ,     [61 - Marc Slonim, Russian Theater From the Empire to the Soviets (Cleveland: World Publishing, 1961), p. 116.].


 ,       ,     ,    .

     ,  1898,    .    [62 -  . .    . . 23.].  ,           ,          ,    ,     .       .      ;  , ,     (   ,     ,   -)[63 -  ,      ,          .    ,     ,            :  , , , ,    ..      .     ,     ,         ,    .              -   . Golub, Evreinov, pp. 149151.].      ,             .         ,  ,      ,    ,        .      ,      ,      .



        ,          .

   ,  ,   -,      .  1909,     ,       ,      .      ,   1910     -, ,   ,             .            ,        [64 - - . .  . , , ,  / ., . . . . . . .: , 1989. . 218. Bowlt, Russian Stage Design, p. 83; Benois, Reminiscences, pp. 348, 349, 353.        1912.        ,   , 1909.].

          ,    1902.           ,      .  1905,    ,              ,       :   ,         [65 -  .   . 165.].      .    1908       ,           ,  , ,  .  19131914,     ,    ,     ,  蠫 (  )[66 -     ,         .    ,   1914.       ,    .        1909.,   ,       1914.    ,        ,  ,      .].

       ,                  .  1905      ,   -,  ,     .          ,   ,  ,    ,   ,    .  1906              .           .   ,    ,         ,   .  1906        ,             ,           . (     : ,        ,  - 1905,        XIV         XVIII,     -[67 - Edward Braun, The Theatre of Meyerhold: Revolution on the Modern Stage (New York: Drama Book Specialists, 1979), p. 44.].)

      .        ,          1898    ,             .     1900        ,      :



           .         ,    ,      .  -     [68 - Natalia Roslavleva, Stanislavsky and the Ballet, introd. Robert Lewis, Dance Perspectives, 23 (1965), p. 23.].


    -:  ,  ,  ,  ,     .     ,       . ,   ,  ,       .

           :       .    ,        1914,       ,              [69 -  M.   (  Times  6  1914.) //   . 353.  -   : Beaumont, Fokine, Appendix A(b), pp. 144147.].             ,   .     ,   ,     ,       ,     ,       [70 - Valerian Svetlov, The Diaghilev Ballet in Paris, Dancing Times, December 1929, p. 264.].       ,       ,    ;      ,    .  ,    ,     :      ; -   ; -   ;         .   -               .

  ,        .             ,  .  ⠫,      蠫 ,     ,             .           ,     , , ,    .  ,  , ,  ,  :     ⠫  ,     ,    .

             .       ,   ,        .  ,   ,    ,  ,         .        :



.          ,     .      ,   ; ,      , -    .        ;        ,      .    ,     [71 - Arnold Bennett, Russian Imperial Ballet at the Opera, Paris Nights and Other Impressions of Places and People (New York: George H. Doran, 1913), pp. 76, 77.].


          .      ,      ,    ,       .     .. ,   ,  ,   ,      ,                ,   [72 -  .    . :  , 1917. . 65.].   ⠫     ,       . ,    ⠫,      .  :



   .        ,     ,   -,  ,   ,       - ,            ,     ,    [73 -  . . 26.].


  , ,       ,       ,        .      :     ,  ,    ,     .    ,       ,      :   ,    .  1905,  ,             .      .     ,    ,         :  1905    .

,     ,   ⠫廠 ,      .         1830-             .     ,        :



 ,        , ,          ,            ,      . ,        [74 -  .   . 286.].


    ,  ,   ,         ,        .        ,           1911:



      , ,     ,     ,       ,    ,    ,       ,    ,           ,       [75 -  .    . . 44, 45.].


     ,      .          , ,  , , , ,           .  軠  ,     ,     .      .     18301840- ,        .       : ,   ,          ,      ,       ,      .

 ,    ,        ,       ,    .   ,        蠫  [76 -  .  . .: , 1991. (   1928 .) . 45.].   ,     ,            .     ,   ,   ,        .  ,       ,            .    1914 ⠫                     .    ,         ,    ,   ,    ,     .     ,      ,     :       ,    [77 -  .   //   . 243, 352.].

       .    ,   ,      ;  ,        .       :    , ,  ,  ;   , , ; ,   ,   ,   .      ,      ,          ,           .   ,  ,     .     :



  ,      - . ,   ,       :          per se[78 -   ,   (.). . .]      ,       .   ,   ,       .       ,     ,       .      ,    .   ,      [79 - Valerian Svetlov, Anna Pavlova, trans. A. Grey (Paris, 1922; rpt. New York: Dover, 1974), p. 156.].


,         ,     XIX.           .     ,         .              ,   . ,      ,          .

  ,         ,         .    ,       .      .        ,         .     :       ,     ,     ;  ,  ,     .  ,             ,     ,    ,       ,     ,  ,      . ,     :    ,   -  .

   ,   1907      . ,           ;    ,      .         ,          ,    .              :



      ,                  ,   .  ,          ,               .     ,    軅       ,               , ,         ,      [80 -  M.   . 222, 223.].


  ,  , ,      ,        .          ,   ;          ,       :   ,      ,     .        , 1907           .     ,            .   ,  ,              [81 - Benois, Reminiscences, p. 246.     .    ,             .         ,          .  .   .  . . 17. . 88.].

 ,  1898 ,          ,     ,    蠫   :          . ,    ,            ,       [82 - Acocella, Reception, . 140, 141.].      :      ;            ;           .  ,            -    ,   ,   ,  ,   ,     , -.     ,     :  ,   ,  ,  ,                [83 - Ibid. . 149151.    : . 140149.].    1902           . ,  ,                (, 1904),       ,                  .

 :



    .     ,  ,  ;      ;  ,     ; , ,        ,     :         ,      ,              [84 -  .   //  -1902. . 7. . . 67; 69; 70; 73.].


    .

     1890-,         .  1903   ,    ,     .             :      ,     ,    [85 - Braun, Meyerhold, p. 37.].  1905    ,   ,   - ,   ,    .  ,            ,  .       :      蠫       ,           .   :



,   -,    ,                     ,              ,       [86 - Ibid. P. 51.].


                .  ,        ,                    .  ,        ,    ,   ,  ,  , ,          . -  ,        ,    [87 - Ibid. P. 36.].  ,  ,    :      .          ,   .

  ,          ,      ,   .   , ,         ;       , ,     .          :      ,       ,             ,      .  ,       ,      :      ,     ,    ,   .               , , ,             ,     .      ,     ,      ,       ,             .

       ,   19051911    :   (1907),   ,    ⠫- (1910)     (1911),  .   ,    ,    ;            .       :       ,           ,    .

 ,    , :



  ,     ,    ,         :   ,   ,     ,   ,      ,    ,          [88 - Beaumont, Fokine, p. 26.].


       ,   . ,     ⠫ ,       ,     ,    .     ,    ;     ;     .

  ⠫-    ,      . ,    :    -  ,       .   -    -      ,  .    ,  ,      ,           ,      ,    ,    , , ,    -.   -   ,    ;         .        1905       , ,     .

 , ,        .        ,        .     ,       :  ,                      ;  ,   , ,    ,                      .      ,              .   []   ,              [89 - Roland John Wiley, Benois Commentaries on the First Saisons Russes, Part VII, Dancing Times, April 1981, p. 465.          4  1911.].

,   ,    ,          .    ,  蠫 ໠    ,        ,     ,      [90 -      : Gabriella Di Mila, Mir Iskusstva  Il Mondo DellArte: Artisti Russi dal 1898 al 1924 (Naples: Societa Editrice Napoletana, 1982), plates 2 and 6.       : Bowlt, Silver Age, p. 213.        .  . 211215.].              .

            . ( 1903           .)          .           :   ,         [91 - . : Braun, Meyerhold, p. 72.  ,     ,          ,     8  1906.,   .  ,   ,       ,    .].       : ,    ;  ,       ;    ,    ,     .  ,         .     ꠫   :          ,       .   ,       ,   . ,        ,     ,   ,   -   [92 - Ibid. . 70.].

,  ,     :      1910    ⠫. (       ,     ,  ,          . ,       .   : - :      [93 -  .   . 219;  . .  . . 2. . 33.].)    .     ,      :          .      ,         .     ,   .       ,           . (    1908       ,               .)   ,     ,  ,       .   ,        ,        ;   ,       [94 - . : Braun, Meyerhold, p. 70.].         ⠫.

,    , :



      . ,       ,    ,  ,     ,    ,      .  ,   -  ,     ,  ,   .         ,      ,   .         .     ,            .    ,   ,     ,       ,  !    ,    ,  ,        ,       [95 -  . .  . . 2. . 35.].


          .  ,     . ,   ,    :    ,       .  ,    ,   .  ,       ,  1908  ,        1911 蠫  Ē,   1913   .  ,  1908,       ,          ,         .   ,       ,   ,    ,       .   ,    1908        ,      .   ,             ,   ,       ,            [96 -        (1907),    (1909),   (1910),   (1911),    (1911)    (1912) .: Braun, Meyerhold, . 83, 98, 109, 111, 113, 114,   . .  . .: , 1969. . 137, 138, 142, 149, 159, 160, 179, 190, 192, 197, 198.].

       . ,                 ,   ,     -    [97 -  .   . 219, 220.].   ,                          .    ,  ,   軠  ,     ,     ,  .       ,       , , ,       ,       .    ,      ,  :



  ,        .     ,     ,                       ,    .     ,   ,  .       .   ,       ,     ,  . ,  ,   ,         ,       ,   ,       ,   ,   [98 -  .   . 500, 501.  . :  . .  . . 148.     .: Beaumont, Fokine, . 8183; Braun, Meyerhold, . 115119.].


         ,    ,  ,    .     ,      ,       ,      .     ,       ,     .          . (         ,    ,      .)     :                ,         .       ,   , .   ,     ,     1905.  1912       .



                   .     :  ,   ,   .                    .    ,     ,         .        ,  :  ,   ,           ,            .      . ,     ,   ,   ; ,      ,       .        ,  ,  .         .  1910       .      ⠫     ,   .   ,     ,     ,    , ,     .           .       ,    ,  ,    ,       ,   .           ,         .

  ⠫ ,   ,      :  ,  ,    . ,       , ,   .    ,      ,         .   ⠫,    .    ,



    []   ,          .     ,  ,       .      ,       [99 - Cyril W. Beaumont, Complete Book of Ballets: A Guide to the Principal Ballets of the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries (London: Putnam, 1937), p. 715.].


        ,         .     ,    ,    . ,  ,    ,   ;            .        .           ,       ;     ,       .

  ,  ,     ,    ,   .   ,           ,      ;       ,     , ,     .              .  :



  ,          ,        ,   .     ,   ,   ,    ,    .       ,    .    ,       [100 - Ibid. P. 715.].


     ;        .   ⠫,        .

  ,   ,    ,    .      (  ),  ,   ,        .  ,   ,  ,  .   ,  ,       .   ,  ,        .   ,  ,      ,   [101 - Ibid. P. 686.].       :     ,   ,   ,       ,           .       1909:



 ,   ,            ,       .  , , ,   ,    ,  ,    , ,      ,     [102 - Jules Claretie, La Vie ? Paris, Le Temps, 21 May 1909, p. 2.].


      ,      .               ,     ,        .      ,       ,     : ⠫          ; ⠫      ;         ,  .            (⠫),    (⠫ ),  (⠫ ),     ,    .  ,      ⠫,        ,    ⠫,     .     ,   ,      .        ,    ,   ,    ,     , ,      .    ,    ,         [103 - Mayer, The Theatrical Designs of Leon Bakst, p. 182.].    :    -,            .    1915 :



  ,       ,      ,      ,  ,  .           .      ⠫.       ,  ,    .   ,  ,   ,    ,  ,   ,   ,          ,          ,    [104 - Ibid.].


 ,     :  ,   ,       .  ,         .

      .        ,      .  ,          ,      ;        ,   ,   . ʠ1900   .       ,         :      ,       .   ,     ,         ,    .

       ,    .     , ,       ,    .  1904  :



,      ,    ,   ,     ,     ,        .         , , .      ,     .     [105 - . : Beaumont, Fokine, p. 23.].


            ,    .   --,       ,       ,     .   ,    ,       ;      ,       .  ,      ,         .     XIX,           ,       ,      .     ,   ⠫     :     ,     .          ,         ;   ,        .          : ,   ,     ,   .      ?  ;    ,  arabesque penche,      ;       ,          .              ⠫-,      ,    . -    ,   ;  , , ,    ,    ,          .       ,       .

 ,      .        ,     ,      .     .       蠫      ,    ,      .            .  ⠫ ,   ⠫    grands jets           :          ;                 .     ,   ,    ,           .  ,  ,  ,     :     (       chapps     , passs relevs   )    ,      :  ,  ,  ,    ,        .           , -,      .      ,   ,    ,       ,  , prima ballerina assoluta  ,        蠫 :



,      ,  ?  -.   - ?         ,   ?

  :

 ,    - ,       .

      relevs   ,          .

.  ,  , ,  [106 -  . .  . . 2. . 130.  1915.              ,            . , ,  ,       :   ,   ,       . . .         19181919.,    ,         .  1935.        . .:  .    . . 128.    .: Mathilde Kchessinska, Dancing in Petersburg, trans. Arnold Haskell (New York, 1961; rpt. New York: DaCapo, 1977), pp. 155, 156.       .: Yuri Slonimsky, Balanchine: The Early Years, trans. John Andrews, ed. Francis Mason, Ballet Review, 5, No. 3 (19751976), pp. 25, 26.].


     ,      :      ,       .             ,         .    .              .     ,  ,    ,  ,  XIX    .  ,    (        1920- ),    ,   ,    ,  , ,  ,    .     :         .       :        ;     .

, ,      .            ,    .    ,     ,  ;     ,    .      ,              .        .     ⠫      , ⠫         .     ,      ,      .       :    ꠫ ,      ,     ,                 ,  [107 -  M.   . 297.].       ,    ,     ,         . ,         ,     ,  [108 - . : Dawn Lille Horwitz, A Ballet Class With Michel Fokine, Dance Chronicle, 3, No. 1 (1979), p. 42.].          ,    ;        ,   ,   ,     ,   ,   .  ,  ,     ,  ,   ,           .

 ,  ,    .  ,       .        ,    ,        .        : ⠫   , ⠫廠   ;        . (,        ,      .)    ,     蠫      ,         . , ,         ,       .  , ,      ,     :         .       ,      .       ,       ,    .   ,   Belle poque[109 -   (.)    ,   XIX   XX. . .],   ,    .   ,  ,      .    ,    ,     , ,  ,     ,    ,   .        ,   ,        .

       .        . ,    ,        ;      .       ,        .   ,    ,      :     ,   .          ,     ,   .          ,  ,     ⠫廠    .     蠫 㻠   ,   ,             .  ,    ,    ⠫      ,     .

 ,         ,      ,    ,    ,          .        1904.       ,    1907-    1909-           .     :           .    (      ,     )            ,  [110 - Francis Steegmuller, Your Isadora: The Love Story of Isadora Duncan and Gordon Craig (New York: Random House and The New York Public Library, 1974), p. 40.].      ,         ;      . ,   ,  . ,  ,       , ,       ,         [111 - ..   . .   17  1926. . : W. A. Propert, The Russian Ballet 19211929, preface Jacques-Emile Blanche (London: John Lane, 1931), p. 88.      .: Steegmuller, Your Isadora, . 3 .].           ,             ,   ,  1926        . (,               ,    -,  ,    .)

        .   ,       1930-,     ,      .     [112 -     ,   1747. . .],     ,          -,      ,  ,   ,   .        :



      []  ,   , ,     , ,    ,        ,     ,        ,   [113 -  .   . 378.].


      .   蠫      ,       .         ,        .      ,      .  -       ; ⠫         .      ,   ,    .        ,     ,    ;        .




  .


   .

   ,     (https://www.litres.ru/linn-garafola/russkiy-balet-dyagileva/)  .

      Visa, MasterCard, Maestro,    ,   ,     ,  PayPal, WebMoney, ., QIWI ,       .



notes








1


    ,       ⠫  1899. T. 1, 34,   (), .58.




2


Cimarosa at Covent Garden. Italian Opera and Russian Ballet. M. Diaghileffs Theory of Acting, The Observer, 20June 1920, p.10.




3


Vernon Duke, Passport to Paris (Boston: Little, Brown, 1955), p.121.




4


Nicolas Nabokov, Old Friends and New Music (London: Hamish Hamilton, 1951), p.67.




5


Les Noces. M. Diaghileff Replies to the Critics. A Wedding or a Funeral? The Observer, 20June 1926, p.11.




6


Olin Downes, Diaghileff Explains His Ballets Origins, Boston Sunday Post, 23January 1916, p.31.




7


Arnold Haskell, Diaghilev: His Artistic and Private Life (London: Gollancz, 1935), pp.328, 335.




8


Les Noces. M. Diaghileff Replies to the Critics.




9


 .   //  .  , 1899. T. 1. 34. . 60.




10


 .    [  ]        .. //     . T. 1. ., 1982. .257.




11


Beverley Nichols, Celebrities in Undress: XIV. Diaghileff, The Sketch, 30June 1926, p.526.




12


 .    [  ] .256.




13


  (. The Yellow Book)    ,  18941897.      . . .




14


Sydney Harcave, First Blood: The Russian Revolution of 1905 (New York: Macmillan, 1964), pp. 285289.




15


. : Serge Prokofiev, Prokofiev by Prokofiev: A Composers Memoir, trans. Guy Daniels (Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1979), p. 131.




16


Ibid. Pp. 136138.        .:  . . . . -.  18981908. . 2. .: , 1960. . 334337.




17


  . : Natalia Roslavleva, Era of the Russian Ballet 17701965, foreword Ninette de Valois (London: Gollancz, 1966), p. 169;  ,    15  1905. //  . .    . 19031906. . / . . . . ; .  . .   . . ; . . . , . .   . . . .: . . , 2006. . 534;  . .  :  2. /. . . . ; . . . ; . . . . .: . . , 1999. (Ballets Russes). . 1. 1999. . 222, 223.




18


Roslavleva, . 169;  . .  . . 1. . 222;  .  .  / . . . . . .:  , 2004. . 173.




19


       . . .




20


 .  . . 175, 176.




21


 . . 180; Roslavleva, Era p. 168;  . .     //  .  .  . , . .; .: , 1962. . 27; Keith Money, Anna Pavlova: Her Life and Art (New York: Knopf, 1982), p. 88;  . .  . . 1. . 231.




22


Adolph Bolm, autobiographical typescript, Part II, p. 9, Adolph Bolm Collection, George Arents Research Library, Syracuse University. .  c. 18    . 4      ; Money, Anna Pavlova, . 6769, 7579;  . .  . . 1. . 324; Ballet and Dancers in London, Diaghilev Scrapbooks, II, n. p., Theater Museum (London); Courrier des Th?tres, Figaro, 20 May 1909, p. 6; Robert Brussel, La Vie de Paris. Mathilde Kchessinska, Figaro, 22 May 1908, p. 1.      ,   ,     . ,  1902.  ,   -,   .      ,   ,        .  ,    - 30  1902.,    .     ,  ,  ,  . Roland John Wiley, Memoirs of R. E. Drigo, Part II, Dancing Times, June 1982, p. 662.      ,       -  1897.     ,   1900-         ,   ,   . Nouvelles Locales, Gazette de Monaco, 30 March 1897, p. 1; 13 April 1897, p. 1.     1900.    ,       -.




23


 . .  :  2. /. . . . ; . . . ; . . . . .: . . , 1999. (Ballets Russes). . 2. 1999. . 75;  .   . 193.




24


Roslavleva, Era, pp. 166, 167;  . .     //  .  . . 26.




25


Roslavleva, Era, pp. 170174.




26


 .   . 189.  ,   ,      ,  ,      .      () :    (20  1905., . );   (12  1906., . ); - (12  1906., . );  (12  1906., . );   (8  1906., . );   (8  1906.);  (19  1906., . );   (26  1908.);    (3  1908., . );    (26  1909.).    ,          ,      ,     򻠖 - (26  1906., . ),     (16  1908., . )  -    (6  1908., . ).        ,     ,  .   ,   19051917., .  I.




27


 .   . 193.




28


 . . 203.




29


Tamara Karsavina, Origins of the Russian Ballet, Dancing Times, September 1966, pp. 624, 636.




30


 M.   . 124.




31


. : Roslavleva, Era, . 175.




32


. : Cyril W. Beaumont, Michel Fokine and His Ballets (London, 1935; rpt. New York: Dance Horizons, 1981), pp. 23, 24.




33


 M.   . 127.




34


 . . 135.




35


 . . 142.




36


 . . 137.




37


Andre Levinson, A Crisis in the Ballets Russes, Theatre Arts Monthly, November 1926, p. 786.




38


. : Vera Krasovskaya, Marius Petipa and The Sleeping Beauty , trans. Cynthia Read, Dance Perspectives, 49 (Spring 1972), p. 10.




39


 M.   . 176.




40


  (.). . .




41


    ,   :              ,     ,         genre nouveau,    ,     . Serge Oukrainsky,  Two Years With the Dancing Genius of the Age: Anna Pavlowa (Hollywood: Suttonhouse, [1940]), p. 56.




42


 M.   . 175.




43


 . . 177.




44


 . . 175.




45


 .




46


  ,    1909.  - , ,     .       ,  ,   ,   廠     .




47


 .   . 243.




48


 . . 233; Roslavleva, Era, pp. 127128.   ,    ,   ,        .  . .  . . 1. . 209, 210.   .: Prince Peter Lieven, The Birth of Ballets-Russes, trans. L. Zarine (London: Allen and Unwin, 1936), p. 82.




49


 .  :  5 . T. 1. .: , 1980. . 304.




50


 .




51


 . . . 2 (19081917). .; .: Academia, 1929. . 164.




52


Joan Ross Acocella, The Reception of Diaghilevs Ballets Russes by Artists and Intellectuals in Paris and London, 19041914, Diss. Rutgers 1984, p. 138.




53


      ໠ The Five. . .




54


 ,      ,    II.




55


 ,      ,    ,           .




56


   .: Stuart Ralph Grover, Savva Mamontov and the Mamontov Circle: 18701905 Art Patronage and the Rise of Nationalism in Russian Art, Diss. Wisconsin 1971, chaps. 3and 4; John E. Bowlt, The Silver Age: Russian Art of the Early Twentieth Century and the World of Art Group (Newtonville, Mass.: Oriental Research Partners, 1979), pp. 3039.    .: Bowlt, pp. 3946, 180 (    ), and . 234 (     ).         : Chloe Obolensky, The Russian Empire: A Portrait in Photographs, introd. Max Hayward (New York: Random House, 1979)  Photographs for the Tsar: The Pioneering Color Photography of Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin  Gorskii Commissioned by Tsar Nicholas II, ed. and introd. Robert H. Allshouse (New York: Dial, 1980).




57


  ,      : Charles Steven Mayer, The Theatrical Designs of Leon Bakst, Diss. Columbia 1977, chaps. 24.      1  .




58


  (.). . .




59


    : Reminiscences of the Russian Ballet, trans. Mary Britnieva (London: Putnam, 1941); Memoirs, I, trans. Moura Budberg (London: Chatto and Windus, 1960); Memoirs, II, trans. Moura Budberg (London: Chatto and Windus, 1964).      : Roland John Wiley, ed. and trans., Benois and Butter Week Fair, Benois and Butter Week Fair Part II, The Diaghilev Exhibition, Parts I, II, III, Dancing Times, April  August 1984.   .: Bowlts Silver Age,  10,        Russian Stage Design: Scenic Innovation, 19001930 (Jackson, Miss.: Mississippi Museum of Art, 1981).  ,    ,     ,  ,   .  ,      ,     ,     .            ,  XIII.    . Spencer Golub, Evreinov: The Theatre of Paradox and Transformation (Ann Arbor, Mich.: UMI Research Press, 1984), pp. 110120.




60


 M.   . 184.




61


Marc Slonim, Russian Theater From the Empire to the Soviets (Cleveland: World Publishing, 1961), p. 116.




62


 . .    . . 23.




63


 ,      ,          .    ,     ,            :  , , , ,    ..      .     ,     ,         ,    .              -   . Golub, Evreinov, pp. 149151.




64


- . .  . , , ,  / ., . . . . . . .: , 1989. . 218. Bowlt, Russian Stage Design, p. 83; Benois, Reminiscences, pp. 348, 349, 353.        1912.        ,   , 1909.




65


 .   . 165.




66


    ,         .    ,   1914.       ,    .        1909.,   ,       1914.    ,        ,  ,      .




67


Edward Braun, The Theatre of Meyerhold: Revolution on the Modern Stage (New York: Drama Book Specialists, 1979), p. 44.




68


Natalia Roslavleva, Stanislavsky and the Ballet, introd. Robert Lewis, Dance Perspectives, 23 (1965), p. 23.




69


 M.   (  Times  6  1914.) //   . 353.  -   : Beaumont, Fokine, Appendix A(b), pp. 144147.




70


Valerian Svetlov, The Diaghilev Ballet in Paris, Dancing Times, December 1929, p. 264.




71


Arnold Bennett, Russian Imperial Ballet at the Opera, Paris Nights and Other Impressions of Places and People (New York: George H. Doran, 1913), pp. 76, 77.




72


 .    . :  , 1917. . 65.




73


 . . 26.




74


 .   . 286.




75


 .    . . 44, 45.




76


 .  . .: , 1991. (   1928 .) . 45.




77


 .   //   . 243, 352.




78


  ,   (.). . .




79


Valerian Svetlov, Anna Pavlova, trans. A. Grey (Paris, 1922; rpt. New York: Dover, 1974), p. 156.




80


 M.   . 222, 223.




81


Benois, Reminiscences, p. 246.     .    ,             .         ,          .  .   .  . . 17. . 88.




82


Acocella, Reception, . 140, 141.




83


Ibid. . 149151.    : . 140149.




84


 .   //  -1902. . 7. . . 67; 69; 70; 73.




85


Braun, Meyerhold, p. 37.




86


Ibid. P. 51.




87


Ibid. P. 36.




88


Beaumont, Fokine, p. 26.




89


Roland John Wiley, Benois Commentaries on the First Saisons Russes, Part VII, Dancing Times, April 1981, p. 465.          4  1911.




90


     : Gabriella Di Mila, Mir Iskusstva  Il Mondo DellArte: Artisti Russi dal 1898 al 1924 (Naples: Societa Editrice Napoletana, 1982), plates 2 and 6.       : Bowlt, Silver Age, p. 213.        .  . 211215.




91


. : Braun, Meyerhold, p. 72.  ,     ,          ,     8  1906.,   .  ,   ,       ,    .




92


Ibid. . 70.




93


 .   . 219;  . .  . . 2. . 33.




94


. : Braun, Meyerhold, p. 70.




95


 . .  . . 2. . 35.




96


       (1907),    (1909),   (1910),   (1911),    (1911)    (1912) .: Braun, Meyerhold, . 83, 98, 109, 111, 113, 114,   . .  . .: , 1969. . 137, 138, 142, 149, 159, 160, 179, 190, 192, 197, 198.




97


 .   . 219, 220.




98


 .   . 500, 501.  . :  . .  . . 148.     .: Beaumont, Fokine, . 8183; Braun, Meyerhold, . 115119.




99


Cyril W. Beaumont, Complete Book of Ballets: A Guide to the Principal Ballets of the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries (London: Putnam, 1937), p. 715.




100


Ibid. P. 715.




101


Ibid. P. 686.




102


Jules Claretie, La Vie ? Paris, Le Temps, 21 May 1909, p. 2.




103


Mayer, The Theatrical Designs of Leon Bakst, p. 182.




104


Ibid.




105


. : Beaumont, Fokine, p. 23.




106


 . .  . . 2. . 130.  1915.              ,            . , ,  ,       :   ,   ,       . . .         19181919.,    ,         .  1935.        . .:  .    . . 128.    .: Mathilde Kchessinska, Dancing in Petersburg, trans. Arnold Haskell (New York, 1961; rpt. New York: DaCapo, 1977), pp. 155, 156.       .: Yuri Slonimsky, Balanchine: The Early Years, trans. John Andrews, ed. Francis Mason, Ballet Review, 5, No. 3 (19751976), pp. 25, 26.




107


 M.   . 297.




108


. : Dawn Lille Horwitz, A Ballet Class With Michel Fokine, Dance Chronicle, 3, No. 1 (1979), p. 42.




109


  (.)    ,   XIX   XX. . .




110


Francis Steegmuller, Your Isadora: The Love Story of Isadora Duncan and Gordon Craig (New York: Random House and The New York Public Library, 1974), p. 40.




111


..   . .   17  1926. . : W. A. Propert, The Russian Ballet 19211929, preface Jacques-Emile Blanche (London: John Lane, 1931), p. 88.      .: Steegmuller, Your Isadora, . 3 .




112


    ,   1747. . .




113


 .   . 378.


