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John V.Petrocelli

The Life-changing Science of Detecting Bullshit



 2021 by John Petrocelli

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    .   .  .     ,   .     ,   ,     ,     ,     ,       [     ]  ,       .   ,       ,  ,     ,  ,    .  ,   ,    .    ,   [2 - Frye, C., Jefferson, R. ().   Road trippin with RJ & Channing      17  2017.: https://www.nba.com/cavaliers/features/road-trip-170217.     : https://www.championat.com/basketball/news-2721158-irving-verit-chto-zemlja-ploskaja.html?utm_source=copypaste.].



    . - YouGov     ,    ? 8000  ,   84%  ,   . 5%  , 2% ,   ,  7%    [3 - Nguyen, H. Most flat Earthers consider themselves very religious. YouGov, 2  2018.: https://today.yougov.com/topics/philosophy/articles-reports/2018/04/02/most-flat-earthers-consider-themselves-religious.  .  : Branch, G., Foster, C. A. Yes, flat-Earthers really do exist: Despite some methodological flaws, a recent poll credibly indicates that flat-Earthery persists. Scientific American, 24  2018.: https://blogs.scientificamerican.com/observations/yes-flat-earthers-really-do-exist/.].     :  226000       Facebook   ,      . ,      -   ,       4   Twitter,    .

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            ,        ,         .        :   ,         .  - .       ,    [4 - Matyszczyk, C. NBA star Kyrie Irving believes Earth is flat. CNET, 18  2017.: https://www.cnet.com/news/nba-star-kyrie-irving-believes-earth-is-flat/; Ruff, R., Kyrie Irving actually believes Earth is flat. Bleacher Report, 17  2017.: https://bleacherreport.com/articles/2693635-kyrie-irving-actually-believes-earth-is-flat.].



    :         , ,     -     [5 - Boghossian, P., & Lindsay, J. How to have impossible conversations: A very practical guide. Lifelong Books, 2019. Randi, J. Flim-flam! The truth about unicorns, parapsychology, and other delusions. Lippincott & Crowell Publishers, 1980., . ,  :      .  , 2018.Shermer, M. Why people believe weird things: Pseudoscience, superstition, and other confusions of our time. W.H.Freeman and Company, 1997.].


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           .  -   ,            ,          .    ,          ,       2018  :   .     ,  ,      ,   []  ,      [13 - Edevane, G. Kyrie Irving flat Earth theory: Celtics point guard says hes happy to start a conversation. Newsweek, 9  2018.: https://www.newsweek.com/kyrie-irving-flat-earth-theory-967934.].     ,     ,      .  -  ,       ,    .

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    ,     (   ),             .  ,     :     ,      [15 - Oreskes, N. Why trust science. Princeton University Press, 2019.  : Oreskes, N. Put your faith in science. TIME Magazine, 194(21), 2324, 2019.].            .    . ,       .

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,    ,      : ,  ,     . ,  ,  ,     [22 - WhiteHouse.gov. Remarks by President Trump and Vice President Pence at CIA headquarters. WhiteHouse.gov, 21  2017.: https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefings-statements/remarks-president-trump-vice-president-pence-cia-headquarters/.].   ,     , ,        ,          [23 - ABC News anchor David Muir interviews President Trump, ABC News, 25  2017.: https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/transcript-abc-news-anchor-david-muir-interviews-president/story?id=45047602.].  ,    [24 -    -                ,  ,   ,  NBC Meet the Press,    ,    .].   ,  . ,      ,          , ,          . ,   ,    .       2009       ,    [25 - Dale, D. The first 5,276 false things Donald Trump said as U.S. president. Toronto Star, 2  2019.: https://projects.thestar.com/donald-trump-fact-check/; .    Wikipedia: Inauguration of Donald Trump: Crowd size: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inauguration_of_Donald_Trump#Crowd_size.].      ,        ,      .                ,         .

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        ,         .           ,  ,          ,       .              ,     .    ,   ,    [27 - Glatter, R. Calls to poison centers spike after the presidents comments about using disinfectants to treat coronavirus. Forbes.com, 25  2020.: https://www.forbes.com/sites/robertglatter/2020/04/25/calls-to-poison-centers-spike-after-the-presidents-comments-about-using-disinfectants-to-treat-coronavirus/?sh=29ec84021157.Kluger, J. Accidental poisonings increased after President Trumps disinfectant comments. Time.com, 12  2020.: https://time.com/5835244/accidental-poisonings-trump/. Slotkin, J. NYC Poison Control sees uptick in calls after Trumps disinfectant comments. NPR.org, 25  2020.: https://www.npr.org/sections/coronavirus-live-updates/2020/04/25/845015236/nyc-poison-control-sees-uptick-in-calls-after-trumps-disinfectant-comments. : Islam, S., et al COVID-19related infodemic and its impact on public health: A global social media analysis. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 103, 16211629, 2020.].          ,     [28 - WhiteHouse.gov. Remarks by President Trump at a signing ceremony for H.R. 266, Paycheck Protection Program and Health Care Enhancement Act. WhiteHouse.gov., 24  2020.: https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefings-statements/remarks-president-trump-signing-ceremony-h-r-266-paycheck-protection-program-health-care-enhancement-act/.].     , ,   ,    ,  ,       .

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   ,     (https://www.litres.ru/pages/biblio_book/?art=67412760)  .

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notes








1


  The American Heritage dictionary of the English language (4 .), Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2009.




2


Frye, C., Jefferson, R. ().   Road trippin with RJ & Channing      17  2017.: https://www.nba.com/cavaliers/features/road-trip-170217.

     : https://www.championat.com/basketball/news-2721158-irving-verit-chto-zemlja-ploskaja.html?utm_source=copypaste.




3


Nguyen, H. Most flat Earthers consider themselves very religious. YouGov, 2  2018.: https://today.yougov.com/topics/philosophy/articles-reports/2018/04/02/most-flat-earthers-consider-themselves-religious.

  .  : Branch, G., Foster, C. A. Yes, flat-Earthers really do exist: Despite some methodological flaws, a recent poll credibly indicates that flat-Earthery persists. Scientific American, 24  2018.: https://blogs.scientificamerican.com/observations/yes-flat-earthers-really-do-exist/.




4


Matyszczyk, C. NBA star Kyrie Irving believes Earth is flat. CNET, 18  2017.: https://www.cnet.com/news/nba-star-kyrie-irving-believes-earth-is-flat/; Ruff, R., Kyrie Irving actually believes Earth is flat. Bleacher Report, 17  2017.: https://bleacherreport.com/articles/2693635-kyrie-irving-actually-believes-earth-is-flat.




5


Boghossian, P., & Lindsay, J. How to have impossible conversations: A very practical guide. Lifelong Books, 2019. Randi, J. Flim-flam! The truth about unicorns, parapsychology, and other delusions. Lippincott & Crowell Publishers, 1980.

, . ,  :      .  , 2018.

Shermer, M. Why people believe weird things: Pseudoscience, superstition, and other confusions of our time. W.H.Freeman and Company, 1997.




6


 ,     ,    ,    40000. ,    .




7


      ,     27  1521.




8


  ,       ,  ,    ,     1932. Ripleys Believe It or Not!.      1969.,      .    ,     ,    ,      . Hvistendahl, M. Is Chinas great wall visible from space?, Scientific American, 21  2008.: https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/is-chinas-great-wall-visible-from-space/.




9


WebMD  Flowers, A. How to figure out your dogs age. WebMD, 20  2019.: https://pets.webmd.com/dogs/how-to-calculate-your-dogs-age.

Purina,    Dog years to human years, 14  2017.:. https://www.purina.com/dog-age-calculator.




10


OConnor, A. The claim: You lose most of your body heat through your head. New York Times, 26  2004.: https://www.nytimes.com/2004/10/26/health/the-claim-you-lose-most-of-your-body-heat-through-your-head.html.

Pretorius, T., Bristow. G. K., Steinman, A. M., Giesbrecht, G. G. Thermal effects of whole head submersion in cold water on non-shivering humans. Journal of Applied Physiology, 101, 669675, 2006.




11


Hoover, D. W., Milich, R. Effects of sugar ingestion expectancies on mother-child interactions. Journal of Abnormal Child Psycho-logy, 22, 50115, 1994. Kinsbourne, M. Sugar and the hyperactive child. New England Journal of Medicine, 330, 355356, 1994.

Krummel, D. A., Seligson, F. H., Guthrie, H. A. Hyperactivity: Is candy causal? Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 36, 3147, 1996.




12


Hemil?, H., Chalker, E. Vitamin C for preventing and treating the common cold. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 1, CD000980, 2013.




13


Edevane, G. Kyrie Irving flat Earth theory: Celtics point guard says hes happy to start a conversation. Newsweek, 9  2018.: https://www.newsweek.com/kyrie-irving-flat-earth-theory-967934.




14


McIntyre, L. The scientific attitude: Defending science from denial, fraud, and pseudoscience. MIT Press, 2019.




15


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