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 [1 - Fisher R. A. Natural Selection from the Genetical Standpoint // Australian Journal of Science. Vol. 22. P. 1959. P. 1617.]




   


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         ,         [6 -    (Geospizinae)  15    ,           .    ,        ,        .       ,       2  ,     .  ,                   .           ,      ,      ,      .        ,               ,    ,             ,     ,    ,  ,     ,       . ,                        . .: Sulloway F.J. Darwin and His Finches: The Evolution of a Legend // Journal of the History of Biology. 1982. Vol. 15. P. 153. . . .][7 -    ,           . .: Sulloway F. J. Darwin and His Finches: The Evolution of a Legend // Journal of the History of Biology. Vol. 15. 1982. P. 153.].       ,         .                  .    ,      , ,         ,              .

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  ,       .             ,      .   ,               ,      ,      [23 - Kleiner S. A. Problem Solving and Discovery in the Growth of Darwins Theories of Evolution // Synthese. Vol. 47, no. 1. 1981. P. 119162,   127129.        ,     , .: Kleiner S. A. A New Look at Kepler and Abductive Argument // Studies in History and Philosophy of Science. Vol. 14. 1983. P. 279313.].        ,  ,    .  ,       4,      ,         .   ,      - ,  .             ,      ,        .

   ,             .    ,     ,    .        ?  ?  ?      (17941866),  ,      ,       ,     :  ,         ,      ,  -     [24 - Whewell W. Philosophy of the Inductive Sciences. 2vols. London: John W. Parker, 1847. Vol. 2, no. 36.   ,       ., : Snyder L. J. The Mill  Whewell Debate: Much Ado about Induction // Perspectives on Science. Vol. 5. 1997. P. 159198.].   ,     , ,      .  ,  ,   ,     ,  ,          .    ;       ?

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        .      ,   .    ,           ,       -     [27 -  .: Lloyd E. A. The Nature of Darwins Support for the Theory of Natural Selection // Science, Politics, and Evolution. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2008. P. 119.].  ,      ( ,  )  ,     - [28 -   (19021994)     ,  ,               ,       ().   ,        ,   ,   ,     ,  ,             .   ,     ,       .            (1972)    (1976).        ,    ,  -        ,  ,              (.:  .      //       /  . .,  . .,  . . (.) .: , 2006. . 79.). . . .][29 - Popper K. R. Natural Selection and the Emergence of Mind // Dialectica. Vol. 32. 1978. P. 339355.].

       .   ,     ,     ,        .      XIX                [30 - Snyder L. J. Experience and necessity: The Mill  Whewell Debate // Philosophy of Science: The Key Thinkers / Ed. by Brown J. R. Continuum Books, 2012.     ,             : Snyder L. J. Discoverers Induction // Philosophy of Science. Vol. 64. 1997. P. 580604.].          .   ,                    .       .              ,           [31 - Hitchcock Ch., Sober E. Prediction vs. Accommodation and the Risk of Over?tting // British Journal for Philosophy of Science. Vol. 55. 2004. P. 134.           , , .     : Lange M. The Apparent Superiority of Prediction to Accommodation as a Side Effect // British Journal for Philosophy of Science. Vol. 52, no. 3. 2001. P. 575588; Harker D. Accommodation and Prediction: The Case of the Persistent Head // British Journal for Philosophy of Science. Vol. 57, no. 2. 2006. P. 309321.].    ,     ,   .    ,       ,  .         .

    ,       ,        .  ,           ,   ,      ,     [32 - .: Secord J. A. Natures Fancy: Charles Darwin and the Breeding of Pigeons // Isis. Vol. 72. 1981. P. 16386.].    ,         ,      .  ,            .         ,            .             ,   ,     ,      .

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    [46 - ,     ,      (18601906).   ,       ,     ,      ,   1  16.        ,   1901 ,     ,  ,      ,   . .: Radick G. Beyond the Mendel-Fisher controversy // Science. 2015. Vol. 350. P. 159160. . . .].  1930   -  .  (18901962)      ,   ,          -,         [47 - Fisher R. A. The Genetical Theory of Natural Selection. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1930.].    ,   ,       ,   . [48 -              . ,    ,             1  3.    ,   ,     ,   .              1  1,              .     1  1,     .   ,    1  3,       .      ,     ,   ,    ,    ,   ,      .      ,       ,      . . . .]      ,     .      ,     ;       .  ,  1991 , ,          ,           ,   [49 -          (1865). . . .],   [50 - Frederico di Trocchio. Mendels Experiments: A Reinterpretation // Journal of the History of Biology. Vol. 24. 1991. P. 485519.    .: Weiling F. J. G. Mendel hat in der Darstellung seiner Erbsenversuche nicht gelogen // Biologie in unserer Zeit. 4. 1995. S. 4953.].          , , ,        [51 -  .: Fairbanks D. J., Rytting B. Mendelian Controversies: A Botanical and Historical Review // American Journal of Botany. Vol. 88. 2001. P. 737752.].      ,     ,     [52 - Franklin A. Ending the Mendel  Fisher Controversy. Pittsburgh, PA: University of Pittsburgh Press, 2008. P. 67.].

      ,  , , ,            [53 - ,        1863 ,      1861 .          .].          :                  [54 -  :  .     . .: , 1991. . 261.].      ,        : ,  ,     ,        [55 - Orel V. Gregor Mendel: The First Geneticist. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1996. P. 193.].  ,   ,       ,         .

  ,       ,       [56 - .:  .  . .: : CORPUS, 2021. . 112113.].   ,  ,      ,      [57 -  :  .  . .: : CORPUS, 2014.].   ,        ,           . ,  ,        .   ,     , ,     .   ,  1881          .

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notes








1


Fisher R. A. Natural Selection from the Genetical Standpoint // Australian Journal of Science. Vol. 22. P. 1959. P. 1617.




2


PhD,     ,      . . .




3


           Petit thorie du dveloppement du dogme // Recherches de science religieuse. 53. 1965. P. 355390.  .: McGrath A.E. The Evolution of Doctrine? A Critical Examination of the Theological Validity of Biological Models of Doctrinal Development // The Order of Things: Explorations in Scienti?c Theology. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing, 2006. P. 117167.




4


      ,       .         ,   ,    ,        . . . .




5


   ,     . .: Shennan S. Genes, Memes and Human History: Darwinian Archaeology and Cultural Evolution. London: Thames & Hudson, 2002. P. 7.




6


   (Geospizinae)  15    ,           .    ,        ,        .       ,       2  ,     .  ,                   .           ,      ,      ,      .        ,               ,    ,             ,     ,    ,  ,     ,       . ,                        . .: Sulloway F.J. Darwin and His Finches: The Evolution of a Legend // Journal of the History of Biology. 1982. Vol. 15. P. 153. . . .




7


   ,           . .: Sulloway F. J. Darwin and His Finches: The Evolution of a Legend // Journal of the History of Biology. Vol. 15. 1982. P. 153.




8


Ruse M. Through a Glass, Darkly // American Scientist. Vol. 91. 2003. P. 554556.




9


Dawkins R. A Survival Machine // The Third Culture / Ed. by J. Brockman. P. 7595. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1996. P. 85.




10


  :  .  .   , ,   . .: : CORPUS, 2021. . 58.




11


   V   VIII . . .




12


     2004    Dawkins God: Genes, Memes, and the Meaning of Life. . .




13


Dawkins R. Alternative Thought for the Day // BBC Radio 4, August 14, 2003.




14


 :  .     . .: , 1991. . 21.




15


 .: Baldwin J. T. God and the World: William Paleys Argument from Perfection Tradition  A Continuing In?uence // Harvard Theological Review. Vol. 85. 1992 P. 109120.




16


 .: Secord J. A. Victorian Sensation: The Extraordinary Publication, Reception, and Secret Authorship of Vestiges of the Natural History of Creation. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2000.




17


Huxley Th. H. Review of The Vestiges of Creation // The British and Foreign Medico-Chirurgical Review. 26. 1854. P. 425439.




18


              ,   18301840    ,   ,   ,   .      ,           ,      ,         . . . .




19


.: Chauvir Ch. Peirce, Popper, Abduction, and the Idea of Logic of Discovery // Semiotica. Vol. 153. 2005. P. 209221.




20


   ,           1838     .     ,           ( .        [] //    . .: , 2018. . 127.) . . .




21


.: Kleiner S. A. The Logic of Discovery and Darwins Pre-Malthusian Researches // Biology and Philosophy. Vol. 3. 1988. P. 293315.




22


 .        ().     . .: -  , 1957. . 127.




23


Kleiner S. A. Problem Solving and Discovery in the Growth of Darwins Theories of Evolution // Synthese. Vol. 47, no. 1. 1981. P. 119162,   127129.        ,     , .: Kleiner S. A. A New Look at Kepler and Abductive Argument // Studies in History and Philosophy of Science. Vol. 14. 1983. P. 279313.




24


Whewell W. Philosophy of the Inductive Sciences. 2vols. London: John W. Parker, 1847. Vol. 2, no. 36.   ,       ., : Snyder L. J. The Mill  Whewell Debate: Much Ado about Induction // Perspectives on Science. Vol. 5. 1997. P. 159198.




25


    .: Lipton P. Inference to the Best Explanation. 2nd edn. London: Routledge, 2004.




26


 :  .     . .: , 1991. . 21.




27


 .: Lloyd E. A. The Nature of Darwins Support for the Theory of Natural Selection // Science, Politics, and Evolution. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2008. P. 119.




28


  (19021994)     ,  ,               ,       ().   ,        ,   ,   ,     ,  ,             .   ,     ,       .            (1972)    (1976).        ,    ,  -        ,  ,              (.:  .      //       /  . .,  . .,  . . (.) .: , 2006. . 79.). . . .




29


Popper K. R. Natural Selection and the Emergence of Mind // Dialectica. Vol. 32. 1978. P. 339355.




30


Snyder L. J. Experience and necessity: The Mill  Whewell Debate // Philosophy of Science: The Key Thinkers / Ed. by Brown J. R. Continuum Books, 2012.     ,             : Snyder L. J. Discoverers Induction // Philosophy of Science. Vol. 64. 1997. P. 580604.




31


Hitchcock Ch., Sober E. Prediction vs. Accommodation and the Risk of Over?tting // British Journal for Philosophy of Science. Vol. 55. 2004. P. 134.           , , .     : Lange M. The Apparent Superiority of Prediction to Accommodation as a Side Effect // British Journal for Philosophy of Science. Vol. 52, no. 3. 2001. P. 575588; Harker D. Accommodation and Prediction: The Case of the Persistent Head // British Journal for Philosophy of Science. Vol. 57, no. 2. 2006. P. 309321.




32


.: Secord J. A. Natures Fancy: Charles Darwin and the Breeding of Pigeons // Isis. Vol. 72. 1981. P. 16386.




33


 :  .     . . 81.




34


 (18201903)        (1864).        :             ,    . . .




35


 :  .




36


.: Bulmer M. G. Did Jenkins Swamping Argument Invalidate Darwins Theory of Natural Selection? // British Journal for the History of Science. Vol. 37. 2004. P. 28197.




37


         North British Review  1867 .      ,            . ,  ,   ,  ,      ,              .  ,   ,       ,         .          (   )     . ,  ,            .                       ,      . . . .




38


.: Darwin Ch. The Variation of Animals and Plants under Domestication. 2vols. London: John Murray, 1868.




39


Zirkle C. The Early History of the Idea of the Inheritance of Acquired Characters and of Pangenesis. Philadelphia, PA: American Philosophical Society, 1946.




40


    (. ),   ,   ,    ,        (.. ). ,   (    )            . ( .       // . . 4. .: -  , 1954. . 477.)  ,    ,          (. . 9),        (,          ).           ,       ,                  ,      . . . .




41


 .: Bulmer G., Galton F. Pioneer of Heredity and Biometry. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2003.




42


Darwin Ch. Origin of Species. 6th edn. London: John Murray, 1872. P. 444.




43


Mendel G. J. Versuche ?ber P?anzen-Hybriden // Verhandlungen des naturforschenden Vereins in Br?nn. 4. 1866. S. 347.




44


       . . .




45


, .: Correns C. G. Mendels Regel ?ber das Verhalten der Nachkommenschaft der Rassenbastarde // Berichte der deutschen botanischen Gesellschaft. 18. 1900. S. 158168.




46


,     ,      (18601906).   ,       ,     ,      ,   1  16.        ,   1901 ,     ,  ,      ,   . .: Radick G. Beyond the Mendel-Fisher controversy // Science. 2015. Vol. 350. P. 159160. . . .




47


Fisher R. A. The Genetical Theory of Natural Selection. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1930.




48


             . ,    ,             1  3.    ,   ,     ,   .              1  1,              .     1  1,     .   ,    1  3,       .      ,     ,   ,    ,    ,   ,      .      ,       ,      . . . .




49


         (1865). . . .




50


Frederico di Trocchio. Mendels Experiments: A Reinterpretation // Journal of the History of Biology. Vol. 24. 1991. P. 485519.    .: Weiling F. J. G. Mendel hat in der Darstellung seiner Erbsenversuche nicht gelogen // Biologie in unserer Zeit. 4. 1995. S. 4953.




51


 .: Fairbanks D. J., Rytting B. Mendelian Controversies: A Botanical and Historical Review // American Journal of Botany. Vol. 88. 2001. P. 737752.




52


Franklin A. Ending the Mendel  Fisher Controversy. Pittsburgh, PA: University of Pittsburgh Press, 2008. P. 67.




53


,        1863 ,      1861 .          .




54


 :  .     . .: , 1991. . 261.




55


Orel V. Gregor Mendel: The First Geneticist. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1996. P. 193.




56


.:  .  . .: : CORPUS, 2021. . 112113.




57


 :  .  . .: : CORPUS, 2014.


