Past discontinuous.  
 


                 .                    .        .          ,          ,          .              ,        ?      ,  ,  ?                      ?      Ѹ,    ,   .         .      .





 

Past discontinuous.  



 . , 2022

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    , 2022


* * *


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      ,           ,      ,        ,    , , ,   .     ,           ,    ( )  ,            .         ,         ࠖ   , ,            ࠖ       ,     ,   -   ,        .         ,            .         ,     , , ,         ,         ,      .       modus operandi,       ,     ,     ,  ,         ,            .

    ,  ,     in-between-ness:    ,    ;  ,      ,   ()                .      Art: Authenticity, Restoration, Forgery (2016)      ,     ,  :       .    ;  l art dsCuvr,      ,    .                    ,  ,          ,        ,            ,    ,           .

     , ,          .              :         ,       ,    ,     .    ,      :       ()       ,     ;     , ,  ,    ,          ,     ;           ,    ,        :         ,           .

                ,                蠖         ,       .  ,  ,                       ,  蠖      堖             ,      ,         , ,   .

      -          ,     ,    : There is no heritage.   ,    ,                  ,  ,   : There is no memory.    ,        :     .        ,      .                 ,    ,     ,       .               ,   (:   )    ,   ,   dsCuvr ;    noch-nicht,          .

       -.  90-     ,  ,   ,               ,     ,      .  2013        ,   젖 ,   .         ,       ,   .       ,      : ,         ,      ,             ,    .         .  ,   ,      - ,  ,   .          ,     ,    -  -,         .   ,    ( )  ;   堖   ;       .

    ,     ,     .     ,     : Past Discontinuous,  ,     -.         ,   ,   ,    .    ,   , :     (      ),       ,                   :    .

     . ,  ,   -  - ,       ,          ,  ,    ,            .        ,      頖     (   )      .  堖 24  2022 ,       ,           . 堖       ,    .



29.06.2007 13.03.2022
Chaque fois unique, la fin du monde.


* * *

       Transnational Art and Heritage Transfer and the Formation of Value: Objects, Agents, and Institutions        (?stesj?stiftelsen)[1 - URL: https://ostersjostiftelsen.se/project/transnational-art-and-heritage-transfer-and-the-formation-of-value-objects-agents-and-institutions/.].          Ѹ,    頖   ,   ,   ,   ,     ,             ,       頖    ,    ,      ,       .

                 -,            .    ,         ,         ,        ,     (,     ,   : ,   ).        廠 ,     .

   ,      .










 :      


                  :                ,               ,   .        ,    ;     ,  ,  ,   , ,       .    ,  ,     ,  -    ,      ,   -  -,        ;      ,   ,      ,   ,  ,           .

     :  ,   ,    ,       (tangible),   ,   (intangible) ,     [2 -     ,       蠖          .: Boltanski L., Chiapello E. The New Spirit of Capitalism // International Journal of Politics, Culture, and Society. 2005. Vol. 18. 3/4. . 161188. (       .)].          ,         ,   intangible economy   () . Intangibles   ,       , ,   ,    .    software,   ,     :    ,          , ,    ,  ,  ,   .,     ,   ,           [3 - Haskel J., Westlake S. Capitalism Without Capital: the Rise of the Intangible Economy. Princeton: Princeton UP, 2017. . 114.].         intangible    ,              .

  ,      ,  ,              .               (   )  ,  ,  ,               ,    ,      [4 -  .  :   . .:  , 2018.].          ,       .          .     ,     軠      .    ,      ,         ,   .     --   -. ,     ࠖ , , , 蠖    ,         ;              ;      ;         .     ,    ,  ;          .          -   -         .   蠖 ,  ,        ,   ,                      ;    [5 - Bloch E. The Heritage of Our Time. Polity Press, 1991,  ;  . 4: Non-Contemporaneity and Obligation to Its Dialectic (May 1932).].

    ,     1930- ,       ,    ,  .        , ,       ,  ,           .      Ungleichzeitigkeit ( ),         ,     .  , ,   ,   ,      ,     ,       ,           ,    .

    ,    ,            ,            ,   1920-            , , [6 -               ,  . . , .:  . .   : . . .: . , 1983. . 165274.         . ,   7.].

           ,            XII . (        XI ,   .)      ,       ,        [7 - .   : https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/___#/media/: Restorations_to_Our_Lady_of_Vladimir,_Anisimov.jpg.     ,           ,    .  , ,   .        , ,      ,      ,       ,         .].

               ,     ,   ,   ,   : 



 ,              ,       ,   [8 -  .,  .,  .   .:  , 2000. . 67. . : https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/#cite_note--1. .      : ,     ,   , ,  ,   , , ,   ..  .   ,   ,  . - -, .   .     (. reconstructio  ),         , .     (https://bigenc.ru/fine_art/text/3507167).].


   ,          ,    ,   .      ,    ,         ,   ,     ,          ,        .




 ?     


     , ,   ,     .       ,  ,                ,  ,      ,         .             ,       ,    [9 -  ,     ,  ,     , ., : Glendinning M. The Conservation Movement: A History of Architectural Preservation: Antiquity to Modernity. London; New York: Routledge, 2013. . 415448 ( Post-1989); .          :  . .   -:   . .: . , 2017. . 246270.].   ,                       ,      ,              ,     ,    .

       :       ,    ,    .      ,  ;    ,   .       ,        ,      ,     ,  , , , ,   ..    .         ,             ,     .   ,     , ,      ,      ,      ,    ,     .     ,           ,             .              ,        ;  , ,        ,       .          :           ,   ;  ,   ,     [10 - . .: L Histoire ? l atelier: Restaurer les oeuvres d art (XVIII


XXI


 si?cles) / Dir. N. tienne, H. Lonie. Lyon: Presses Universitaires Lyon, 2012;              ,          ࠖ -   .].

 ,    ࠖ       ,   ,   ,     ..         . ,    , ,   :       ,            .         ,         ࠖ ,    ࠖ           [11 -        .: tienne N. The Restoration of Paintings in Paris, 17501815: Practice, Discourse, Materiality. Los Angeles: The Getty Conservation Institute, 2017. P. 18. .   3             .].         ,   ,    ,     ,   , ,    .         ,     ,    ,           ;        , ,              [12 - Between the Immersive and the Discursive: Curating Research in the 21st Century Art Museum // Stedelijk Studies Issue. 2016. 4. URL: https://stedelijkstudies.com/issue-4-between-discursive-and-immersive.].   ,  ,  ,   , ,     軠       ,   .                  ,      ,   .

              (          ),         ,   ,         ,   ;  ,   ,  ,     ,          .    ,      ,   ,       .              XVIII ,  ,    ,     ,  ,    ,    ;        ,          ;       ࠖ   ࠖ       [13 - tienne N. Op. cit.      ,     ,     ,          -蠖   ,              ,   ,     ,          : https://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/stories/operation-night-watch.    ,   ,   .].             .       ⠖      [14 -           ,   .  .  .  .  .        (          tienne Op. cit. . 10).   ,        ,     . . :      (,     . . .) ,     ,    ,     ,     ,  , , !   ,    ,  ?    ,   ,     ,   ,     ,  ,    ,   ,     -    -! (   . .  . 6).];     ø,   ,         :          ,       [15 -    ø :   ,       ,  ,   , ,    ,            .    - :  ,    .                .        ,  ,   ,    ,         ,    ,     .  :   ,       ,     -    ,   ;  ,  ,       ,      (http://fourthway.narod.ru/lib/Other/Italy.htm).].

      ,    XVIII      ,     ,  ,    ,      .  ,                      ;              ,       ,        [16 - Poulot D. Afterword: The Art of the Restorer in the Age of Enlightenment // tienneN. Op. cit. . 255263.].                 ࠖ    .          ;       ,      -[17 -  ,             ⠖       . Ibid. P. 206222.].

                   .    -   ,         ,   ,    -.       ,         ,     .   ,    ,   ,     ,     ,     ( - )    .           ,      ,      ,   ,    90- ,      ,          ,    ;             ,       -[18 -  . .   -:   . .: . , 2017.].

             .        ,     堖    ,  .           ,     ,     ,        ;      - ,         [19 -    젖 ,   6  7.].  ࠖ   ,            .               ,          .   ,         1917     ,   .        1918 ,             ,   ,   19301950- ,                .

-,    . . ,      ,      .      , , .  ,  ,      ,          ,      , ,        .       .  ,   1990 ,            ,                  ( ,  )      ,     ( , ).

     ,   ,        .              ,     - ,  ;   ,    ,           ,      蠖   ,     .    ,



   ,     .       []        .   .      , ,  .       ,  [20 -  . .      //  : , , . 13. .: , 1990. . 19, 22.].


,    ,            ,         .   ,       .       ;            -,    , - [21 -  . . . . .   //  . . 8, 12, 14.].

    ? Wahrheit  Dichtung?              ,      .           ,       ,       ,   ,       ,     ,      XIX :    ,       .  ,   ,    ()     ,     .                  ;       --.      ,      и;      ,     XIX ,    蠖         ,      .

           ,   ,    XX        ,      :               , , ,     .   , ,  ,    ,     ,     , ,   ,      ,     [22 -             . ,   4.].   ,       ,         ,     ,  ,      ,             ,           .               ,   , vs. . ,   1,        ,     ,    ,  ,   , ,   .                       ()   () ,      .

        .       ࠖ      ,        ,      ,      .         ,     ,   .   ,           ,     ,                        ,       ,    XVIII        1789 . , -, -  , ,     ; -,    ; -,             [23 - Glendinning M. The Conservation Movement: A History of Architectural Preservation & Antiquity to Modernity. London; New York: Routledge, 2013. . 417418.].

    젖  ,   ,   ,   ,   ,   ;   ,   ,          ,         .     ,   --ࠖ                       [24 - Bressani M. Architecture and the Historical Imagination: Eug?ne-Emmanuel Viollet-le-Duc, 18141879. Farnham: Ashgate, 2014.].       ࠖ    ,       ,  ,     .  , , , ,  ,   ,  ,        ,             堖                    .  ࠖ   [25 -   .       ,        .   --          (1854)        :        .     ,    ;       , , ,         (On Restoration, by E. Viollet-le-Duc, and a Notice on His Work in Connection with the Historical Monuments in France by Charles Wethered. London, 1875).             ,  ,    .;        ;     XIX      ,         ( )             .].         頖              .       ,      ;              ,    ,    ,      . ,        ,     ,   ,      ,       ,         ,       ,         .

         ,       ,   ,   ,       ,   .             ,       .         ,     ,     , ,         ,  :   ,      .

  ,         ,   ࠖ      ,         ()      ,      ;      ,   ,     ,  ࠖ       .



                 , , .                 [26 -  . .     . . 25.].


廠     ,   ,          ,     :  ,            [27 -     ,   8  9.].           :   ,     -;     ,     . ,  ,



         ,        ,      .   堖    ,       ,     ,   [28 -  . . . . .   //  : , , . 13. .: , 1990. . 15.].


 ,       ;      ,    ,          ,     .  ,       ,          [29 -  . . 16.].         :       ,       1920-       1991 ,       .

           ,     ,       :  ,   ,    ,  ,   ,  :  -         ,  ,       ,     ,          ,     ,         ,     .

   ,         ,         .            ,                ,       .        ,  1960- ,      ,        ,  ,      , , ,           ,   . 廠 -                󻠖      .   ,   ,     ;        ,          ;     ,  ,   .                ,  ,  ,     .         ,            ,  , ,     ,       .    蠖            intangible / world heritage       ,           [30 - Glendinning M. The Conservation Movement. P. 427.     堖 Ibid. P. 257414. .   11  12.].

           ,    , , ,             ,     60- .  ( )         ,            ,        .                ;         ;      ,           [31 -     1989 : Ibid. P. 417448.].

  ,     ()         :       ,      ,      , ,     . -   ,      ,      ,  ,   ,        .   ,  .    :               ,     ,        ,         [32 -     ⠖  ;      ,    ,         : Akinsha K., Kozlov G., Hochfield S. The Holy Place: Architecture, Ideology, and History in Russia. New Haven: Yale UP, 2007.].

                 蠖    ,  ,     蠖  () ,               .    ,          -,                       ,      .               ,          ,        ,    堖  , 堖  , 堖    堖  .

 ,   ,                 :         ,       ,     ,                  ,        ,     .          ⠖     軠   ,          ,    ,             intangible economy. ,   ,   .




 ,    


                         .        .         ,      ;     ,    ;     ,      [33 -             ,      , 頖 .         ,      ,      :    :    兓      ,    .        ,    ,        ( .  . .: Ad Marginem, 1997. . 232233).      :  .   :      . .:   , 2012. . 80103.].      ,     ;           ,    .       ,      ,       ,   .   ,      :     ( ),       ( ,     ).            :       ,      .

   ,    , , ,  :            .     19261927       :   (   ) ,           ,    .             ;  젖  ;  젖   ;       ;     蠖   - ,            .

               ;      .  ,       ,   ,       .  ,       :       , , ,      , ,  .       ,       ,              [34 -  .  . .: , 2011. . 1873.].        ,    ,  ,    ;    ,     ,     ()  -, () -,   ( ),      ,     ;   ( ).

     :         ,       ,         , ,     ,    ,  ?     , , ,            ,             ,       ,     ?           ,           ;      ࠖ 廠   .

  ,    ,       :           ;  ,     ,  ;    ,              .  ,     ,     ,         ; ,        ,   ,               , ,    ,       ,   , ,   .       ,       ;          ,  .

 ,    ,     ,    ;            ,    ;      ,             .       ,   -        -,        ,       ,     ,    ?              ,        ,    ?   ,    :           -,  ⠖ ,         ?         ,            .   ,      .              ,          ,   ,                  .

             ,     ,   :    , , , ,  ,   ,        .      ,         ,        ,    (  )     .       ,        ,             ,     ,    ,    ,     ,      ,  ,                  ࠖ , ,   .

                  ,         .           ,            : ,     .       ,    ,     ,  ,   ,      ,   ;       .                    :          ,              ,     , ,  .             , , Orbis Tertius,    蠖     頖   -       ,   - ,        -.        ,     



    ,       ,  .  :      蠖   ,    ,  ,    ,     ;      ;       ;       ,    .   :       .      ,   ,   𻠖 ,  , ,    [35 -  . . , , Orbis Tertius //  . .     . .: , 1997. . 116117.].


,  ,          ,           ,         ,                 , , ,      蠖 ,   ,      (  ,     ),        (   ,   ).

       :          - ,    렖       .             ,   :  ,   ,    ,       ࠖ      ;        ࠖ                .         ⠖   -              ;     XVIIXVIII           ,        ,   ໠  ,       蠖        ,   [36 - - .  :   . .:   , 2015; Conti A. History of the Restoration and Conservation of Works of Art. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann, 2007. P. 99180.].

  蠖   ,            .                  (          ,       7).      ,         ,    ,  ,   ,    ,     - .  ,   蠖       堖             :      .          ,               :  ,        ,      ,       ,          [37 -   .  8  9.].

       ;         .        ,          , ,    ,   .   и  ,       ,     ,     :   ,    ,  . ,   -    ,   ,      , , , , ;         ,     , ,  .

            ,    ,     [38 -        : Bring O. Parthenonsyndromet: kampen om kulturskatterna. Stockholm: Atlantis, 2015.      ,             ,      : Kennedy Grimsted P. Trophies of War and Empire: the Archival Heritage of Ukraine, World War II, and the International Politics of Restitution. Cambridge, MA: Harvard Ukrainian Research Institute, 2001; Returned from Russia: Nazi Archival Plunder in Western Europe and Recent Restitution Issues. Builth Wells, UK: Institute of Art and Law, 2013.          ,       ,      www.lootedart.com,       . .              : https://iisg.amsterdam/files/2019-05/Bibliography_Displaced_Cultural_Treasures_as_a_Result_of_World_War_II_and_Restitution_Issues_0.pdf.].                   (experience industry),     , ,     , ,       [39 - Gonza?lez-Ruibal A., Hall M. Heritage and Violence // Global Heritage: A Reader / Ed. L. Meskell. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons, 2015. P. 150170.].                 ,    ,  .       , , , , ,   .,              ,      ,           ,       , /      ,      .         ,      ,          ,    ,     ,    ;     ,  ,           [40 - Ndoro W., Wijesuriya G. Heritage Management and Conservation: From Colonization to Globalization // Global Heritage: A Reader P. 131149.      ,                :  . .   -:   . .: . , 2015.                        : Jokilehto J. A History of Architectural Conservation: the Contribution of English, French, German and Italian Thought Towards an International Approach to the Conservation of Cultural Property. York: Univ., Inst. of Advanced Architectural Studies, 2005. P. 409428.]. ࠖ        ,   . ,  , - ()                   .  ,       :



         ,  , ,   .    ,     .     ,       ,   ,       .


,  



   ,        ,   ,       [41 - Ward Ph. The Nature of Conservation: A Race Against Time. The Getty Conservation Institute, 2005 (1986). . 3, 9;       ()  (),     .].


   ,     ,          ,        .          ,         ,         .          ,                   [42 - Ibid. P. 911. . : Mu?oz Vi?as S. On the Ethics of Cultural Heritage Conservation. London: Archetype Publications, 2020,  ,     ,        :  ,   ,   ,      ,       .].   ,                ,    ,     . ,     -,   ,                    ,      ,    ,        XVIII [43 -         -,         и,     ,           : Historical and Philosophical Issues in the Conservation of Cultural Heritage / Eds. N. S. Price, M. K. Talley, A. M. Vaccaro. Los Angeles: Getty Conservation Institute, 1996. . 1160.     蠖            ,     .             ,       ,    (Ibid. P. 6).].

 ,         ,       .    ,   ,  . ,    ,      ,    ; diradamento     ⠖               ; Entstuckung              ;     ,  , ⻠ fasadhyvling. Entkernung (   entkernen     )      ; Entschandelung      ,     ,      ;      ;      ,  curetage (curettage),  (    ); conservative surgery (        ); sventramento,       蠖   : ,    ;         蠖   .            ,             .  ,  ,     .

  ,     .   ,   ,              ,   [44 - ,   , , . . ,    ,   ,   .    .   ,     .    ( . :    //  . :  2. . 2. .: . , 1981. . 34).].                       ,   蠖   ,        .          (      )    ,     ,        .       ,     -,    ,        .        ,           ,      (  ,  ),     ,       ,   ,      .      ,        ,    ,         [45 -      ,   ,        .    .   :  . 堖  ! //  . 1990. 7. . 1121.].

    ,      ,         .   ,   ,                      () ,   , () ,  , , ,     ,     ,     ,                    ,    ,          (   )      ,      [46 -                 : Chartier R. Inscription and Erasure: Literature an Written Culture from the Eleventh to the Eighteenth Century. Univ. of Pennsylvania Press, 2008.].

   :   ,                    .     ,           30- ,                     ࠖ      .               1960-    [47 -  .   ,   :        // Stasis. 2 (.). 2017. . 530552.].     ,       ,          , ,      ,             [48 - ,                 :    ,    ,  , , , ,         ,   -   ,  .          ,    (?)    ( . Varia. .: Grundrisse, 2010. C. 129).].

   ⻠   ,      ,  ,     .  ,          -    ,   ,   ,  status pristinus[49 - Status pristinus  ,       ,    ()       ,  , ,   , status pristinus restituitur.           軠     ?],     ,       ,    ,       :    ,     .  ,  -    ,    ,   ,       :    ,      (   )[50 -  . //   : . .: , 1989 (1930). . 186.] -      (. re-stauro: re- , stauros , ,    )     ,    .

     ,                ,  ,      .     ,    ,    .     ,                .     ,         , , ,  ,  , .     ,     :  蠖      .   ,          ,            ,   ,   :   ,   ,     ..




  : , , 


 蠖       .  ,     ,  ,         - 堖 , , , ?         :        ,           .        ,               ,    ,   -[51 -  ,        ,    ,  ,   ,    ,       (Beck J., Daley M. Art Restoration, the Culture, the Business and the Scandal. W. W. Norton, 1995).       ArtWatch   : http://artwatch.org.uk/tag/james-beck-connoisseurship-in-crisis/.          Sony .         -  : Januszczak W. Sayonara Michelangelo. Reading, Mass.: Addison-Wesley, 1990.    ,       ,    ,                     .],        ,    -     Ape Jesus[52 - URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecce_Homo_(Mart%C3%ADnez_and_Gimnez).].  ,    ,             ,    .          ,  ,   ,          [53 -     , ,   ,          , .       : , ,  (  . 2021. 2. . 1068);     -,  ,       ;     .].

,      ,       ,        ,    ,  ,    ,              -  젖 , ,   .         -.             ,       ,      ;       ,    ,    ,  ,  ,     [54 - ., ,      : Authenticity and Replication: the Real Thing in Art and Conservation: Proceedings of the International Conference Held at the University of Glasgow, 67 December 2012 / Eds. R. Gordon, E. Hermens, F. Lennard. London: Archetype Publications, 2014; Museums as Cultures of Copies: the Crafting of Artefacts and Authenticity / Eds. B. Brenna, H. D. Christensen, H. O. Hamran. Abingdon: Routledge, 2019.].  ,    ,   ,  ,      ,                .

  ,   ,                           [55 - .       XIX  : Conti A. A History of the Restoration and Conservation of Works of Art. Amsterdam etc.: Butterworth-Heinemann, 2007.]. ,   ,     ,    ;    , ,       ,           ,   .           , , ,   ;      ,       ,   ,           .          ,           .    ,     ,     ,           (  )  [56 -  . .  / . . , . . . . . .; .: Academia, 1933. . 7275, 77.].    ,   ,          ,      ,   . ,    ,           ,      .             ,  ,       ,    ,     ,         (         , . ). ࠖ      堖     ,           ,     . , ,      ,      ,  ,   и,                 ,      ,     [57 -            : Issues in the Conservation of Paintings / Eds. D. Bomford, M. Leonard. Los Angeles: Getty Publications, 2004. P. 136.].

       ,   : 蠖  ,       ( , , ); 蠖  ,     ;        ,     ,     .   ,        ,       ,              .

 :  ,



  ,             ,    -   ,            [58 -  . .   - . 117118.].


      ?  , -       :  ,      (        );   ,         ,  ,   ,      ,       ,       (.  )     ;     (,  ,    ,         [59 -  . . 117133.].     ,            ,    .     ,    ,   ,   ,      .              ,    ,      ,      ,       ,                   [60 - Heinich N. L administration de l authenticit: de l expertise collective ? la dcision patrimoniale // Ethnologie Fran?aise. 2009. Vol. 39. 3. P. 509519.       :  ,         ,  頖    ,  ,   ,   .        ,   , ,   .        ,             .      ,        (objets-personnes,    ), . ,   1.].

,      1964     ,         ,        ,         蠖   ,        1994 ,     ,   ,   .      :



     ,   ,   ,   ,   ,    ,        [61 -    : https://kgiop.gov.spb.ru/media/uploads/userfiles/2015/08/27/____1994.pdf.  . . .].


   ,  ,         ,      ,    ,      1994        ,   (  ), ,    .             ,   ,      [62 - ., ,         -   ,            ,  ,      ,      ,   ..: Stovel H. Origins and Influence of the Nara Document on Authenticity // APT Bulletin: The Journal of Preservation Technology. 2008. Vol. 39. 2/3. . 917;        : Cameron Ch., Inaba N. The Making of the Nara Document on Authenticity // APT Bulletin: The Journal of Preservation Technology. 2015. Vol. 46. 4. . 3037.].  ,           ;    ;       .




      


     ,         ,     ,      ,     ,      .                 ,      ,                    .     -;   ,    ,             .  ,     ,      ,        ⠖     ,      [63 - ,     .   2021 ,   ,  , ,         1918-,   1941 .             ,    , ,   .        (, :   /  . . . .: V-A-C Press, 2015),     ࠖ          (H?lling H. The aesthetics of change: on the relative durations of the impermanent and critical thinking in conservation // Authenticity in Transition: Changing Practices in Contemporary Art Making and Conservation / Eds. E. Hermens, F. Robertson. London: Archetype Publications, 2016. . 1324).].      ,       ,   [64 - : Giblin J. Critical Approaches to Post-Colonial (Post-Conflict) Heritage // The Palgrave Handbook of Contemporary Heritage Research / Eds. E. Waterton, S. Watson. London: Palgrave, 2015. . 313328; Gnecco C. Heritage in Multicultural Times // The Palgrave Handbook of Contemporary Heritage Research . 263280.          - Alerte Heritage:   -  , .   : https://www.alerteheritage.org/teksty; Gorshenina S., Tolz V. Constructing Heritage in Early Soviet Central Asia: The Politics of Memory in a Revolutionary Context // Ab imperio. 2016. 4. . 77115; Gorshenina S., Rapin C. De l archologie russo-sovitique en situation coloniale ? l archologie post-coloniale en Asie centrale // Nouvelles de l archologie. 2011. Vol. 126. . 2933.],  蠖      ,        ,           ,   ,            [65 - Re-Enacting the Past: Heritage, Materiality and Performance / Eds. M. Daugbjer, R. S. Eisner, B. T. Knudsen. London: Routledge, 2016; Dawdy Sh. L. Patina:  Profane Archaeology. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 2016;      / . . . . . 2. .: -    . . . - , 2017.    . URL: http://static.iea.ras.ru/news/Ontological%20Turn.pdf; Golubev A. The Things of Life: Materiality in Late Soviet Russia. Ithaca: Cornell UP, 2020.].        - ,      ,    頖  ,    ,           ,  ,   , , , .      ,       , ,  ,   ,     , , , , ,   (       )  .    젖   ,          ,    ꠖ      ⠖  .    ,          ,   ,  ,   -   ,    .   ,   ,   ,  ,    ,     :      ?     ,      ,    ,         .         :      ,        ;       ,               ,                    .    ,      :    ,   ,     ,     ,     蠖  : ,     [66 - Brandi C. Theory of Restoration. Roma: Instituto centrale per il restauro, 2005 (1963).    ,   ,  ,     ,  , ,          .                , ,         ,                .        .].     ,       ,  ,   :   ,  ,    ..

     蠖          .     ,  ,    ,  (   )       ,            (      ,   )     :        [67 -  .   :     // Wiener Slawistischer Almanach. Sonderband 50. Wien, 2001.], 젖   ,         [68 -  .   :      . .:   , 2012.].   젖    젖           ,      ,   ,      ,        ,       , ,   ,            .

           ,         ( 蠖   렖           ). 젖                 ,                    ,     ,     [69 - Fabre D. Le patrimoine port par l motion // motions patrimoniales / Dir. D. Fabre. Paris, 2013. URL: https://books.openedition.org/editionsmsh/3580.             ,     ,     ,        , , ,              ,   ;  ⠖  ,     ,       .].                [70 -       : Pravilova E. A Public Empire: Property and the Quest for the Common Good in Imperial Russia. Princeton: Princeton UP, 2014. . 131177.].       ,    - ,      ,        [71 - Glendinning M. The Conservation Movement. . 359389;    ,      (Ibid. P. 204212).].              (                    )[72 - .       ,       , : Heritage under Socialism: Preservation in Eastern and Central Europe, 19451991 / Eds. E. Gantner, C. Geering, P. Vickers. New York: Berghahn Books, Inc., 2021.] , ,         -,        [73 -            (., :  . .  :         19171921 . .: . , 1985)       . ., ,          : Kelly C. Socialist Churches: Radical Secularization and the Preservation of the Past in Petrograd and Leningrad, 19181988. DeKalb: North Illinois UP, 2016;                 XVIIIXIX : Schoenle A. Architecture of Oblivion: Ruins and Historical Consciousness in Modern Russia. DeKalb: Northern Illinois UP, 2011;          :  . .         , 19201930- .   . .: - . . . , 2000;  . . ࠖ :    . .: , 2015;    :  . .    . .:  , 1987;  .   -:   . .: . , 2017;  . .       . XIX . .: , 1986;  .         . .: , 2006;  . .     :    . .:   , 2004;      : Deschepper J. Between Future and Eternity: aSoviet Conception of Heritage // International Journal of Heritage Studies. 2019. Vol. 25. 5. . 491506.].

,           ,       ,    -[74 -  . .      //  . . . . .:  55. . 2. ., 1967. . 505550.].   ,       ,  ,        ,        .            ,       ,    ,    .          ,        ,    -,     ,    ,            ,      .

  ,           ,     ,                 ,        -       ,     ?             (  /   /)      ,             ,   ,    ,       ?

,      ,      :   ,     ,                          ໠      ,  ,     [75 - Donovan V. How Well Do You Know Your Krai? The Kraevedenie Revival and Patriotic Politics in Late Khrushchev-Era Russia // Slavic review. 2015. Vol. 74 (3). . 464483;  .   :    . , 2016.],             ,        ,    ,     [76 -  .  :     : 19531985 . .:   , 2003.].

,    ,       ,  ,    ,     ,            ,    ,   ,   .      past discontinuous,  ,  ,   ,          .

           ,       ,  ,   .      ,    , , ,  ,   ,        ,   ,      ,     ,    ,    ,   .          ,        ,   .     ()          (, ,      ,    ,     1920- ).        ,            ,   .       ,         ,   , , ,  ,       ,               ,  ,   ,         .       ,     ,       ,       .          ,            ,           () 蠖        ,         .

     ,   ,  ,   ,  ,   , ,    ,  ,    ,                      .             ࠖ          .            ,   :   ;          ;     ,      ;     蠖   ,    ,    ,     .        ,     .              ,     ,       .         ,      ,   ,   ,  ,  ,  ,     ,        ,      ,  堖            .

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 ,  ,        (  ),     ,          ,   -   ,     .    ,        (  , ,   .),     , /  [77 -  .  . URL: https://constellations.ru/allpapers/348-reps.html.].


 ,   ,  ,        ,    ,    ,       .              ,          [78 -  .       . URL: https://constellations.ru/allpapers/878-rasstanovki-dlja-koshek.html;  .   -. URL: https://constellations.ru/allpapers/399-businessrasstanovki.html.].

 軠    ,           [79 -   ,   ,     Familieaustellungen,   ,  1970-              .     ,      ,      ,            .        ,      .    ,  ,    , , , ,   , ,     (https://www.hellinger.com/en/family-constellation/).    ,  , ,  , ,  ,    ,      ,    , ,    . (http://www.skepdic.com/hellinger.html).         , , ,         .].  ,         ,       .     -          , ,  ,   . ,    ,    ,     ,   .   ,      , , ,   ,   ,     ࠖ    ,     ,         ,         .         ,             -, -    ,     ,            .       ,     ,    ,   ,    .     ,    ,     ,      .      젖 ,    .   ,          ,              ,          .




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      Visa, MasterCard, Maestro,    ,   ,     ,  PayPal, WebMoney, ., QIWI ,       .



notes








1


URL: https://ostersjostiftelsen.se/project/transnational-art-and-heritage-transfer-and-the-formation-of-value-objects-agents-and-institutions/.




2


    ,       蠖          .: Boltanski L., Chiapello E. The New Spirit of Capitalism // International Journal of Politics, Culture, and Society. 2005. Vol. 18. 3/4. . 161188. (       .)




3


Haskel J., Westlake S. Capitalism Without Capital: the Rise of the Intangible Economy. Princeton: Princeton UP, 2017. . 114.




4


 .  :   . .:  , 2018.




5


Bloch E. The Heritage of Our Time. Polity Press, 1991,  ;  . 4: Non-Contemporaneity and Obligation to Its Dialectic (May 1932).




6


              ,  . . , .:  . .   : . . .: . , 1983. . 165274.         . ,   7.




7


.   : https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/___#/media/: Restorations_to_Our_Lady_of_Vladimir,_Anisimov.jpg.     ,           ,    .  , ,   .        , ,      ,      ,       ,         .




8


 .,  .,  .   .:  , 2000. . 67. . : https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/#cite_note--1. .      : ,     ,   , ,  ,   , , ,   ..  .   ,   ,  . - -, .   .     (. reconstructio  ),         , .     (https://bigenc.ru/fine_art/text/3507167).




9


 ,     ,  ,     , ., : Glendinning M. The Conservation Movement: A History of Architectural Preservation: Antiquity to Modernity. London; New York: Routledge, 2013. . 415448 ( Post-1989); .          :  . .   -:   . .: . , 2017. . 246270.




10


. .: L Histoire ? l atelier: Restaurer les oeuvres d art (XVIII


XXI


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11


       .: tienne N. The Restoration of Paintings in Paris, 17501815: Practice, Discourse, Materiality. Los Angeles: The Getty Conservation Institute, 2017. P. 18. .   3             .




12


Between the Immersive and the Discursive: Curating Research in the 21st Century Art Museum // Stedelijk Studies Issue. 2016. 4. URL: https://stedelijkstudies.com/issue-4-between-discursive-and-immersive.




13


tienne N. Op. cit.      ,     ,     ,          -蠖   ,              ,   ,     ,          : https://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/stories/operation-night-watch.    ,   ,   .




14


          ,   .  .  .  .  .        (          tienne Op. cit. . 10).   ,        ,     . . :      (,     . . .) ,     ,    ,     ,     ,  , , !   ,    ,  ?    ,   ,     ,   ,     ,  ,    ,   ,     -    -! (   . .  . 6).




15


   ø :   ,       ,  ,   , ,    ,            .    - :  ,    .                .        ,  ,   ,    ,         ,    ,     .  :   ,       ,     -    ,   ;  ,  ,       ,      (http://fourthway.narod.ru/lib/Other/Italy.htm).




16


Poulot D. Afterword: The Art of the Restorer in the Age of Enlightenment // tienneN. Op. cit. . 255263.




17


 ,             ⠖       . Ibid. P. 206222.




18


 . .   -:   . .: . , 2017.




19


   젖 ,   6  7.




20


 . .      //  : , , . 13. .: , 1990. . 19, 22.




21


 . . . . .   //  . . 8, 12, 14.




22


            . ,   4.




23


Glendinning M. The Conservation Movement: A History of Architectural Preservation & Antiquity to Modernity. London; New York: Routledge, 2013. . 417418.




24


Bressani M. Architecture and the Historical Imagination: Eug?ne-Emmanuel Viollet-le-Duc, 18141879. Farnham: Ashgate, 2014.




25


  .       ,        .   --          (1854)        :        .     ,    ;       , , ,         (On Restoration, by E. Viollet-le-Duc, and a Notice on His Work in Connection with the Historical Monuments in France by Charles Wethered. London, 1875).             ,  ,    .;        ;     XIX      ,         ( )             .




26


 . .     . . 25.




27


    ,   8  9.




28


 . . . . .   //  : , , . 13. .: , 1990. . 15.




29


 . . 16.




30


Glendinning M. The Conservation Movement. P. 427.     堖 Ibid. P. 257414. .   11  12.




31


    1989 : Ibid. P. 417448.




32


    ⠖  ;      ,    ,         : Akinsha K., Kozlov G., Hochfield S. The Holy Place: Architecture, Ideology, and History in Russia. New Haven: Yale UP, 2007.




33


            ,      , 頖 .         ,      ,      :    :    兓      ,    .        ,    ,        ( .  . .: Ad Marginem, 1997. . 232233).      :  .   :      . .:   , 2012. . 80103.




34


 .  . .: , 2011. . 1873.




35


 . . , , Orbis Tertius //  . .     . .: , 1997. . 116117.




36


- .  :   . .:   , 2015; Conti A. History of the Restoration and Conservation of Works of Art. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann, 2007. P. 99180.




37


  .  8  9.




38


       : Bring O. Parthenonsyndromet: kampen om kulturskatterna. Stockholm: Atlantis, 2015.      ,             ,      : Kennedy Grimsted P. Trophies of War and Empire: the Archival Heritage of Ukraine, World War II, and the International Politics of Restitution. Cambridge, MA: Harvard Ukrainian Research Institute, 2001; Returned from Russia: Nazi Archival Plunder in Western Europe and Recent Restitution Issues. Builth Wells, UK: Institute of Art and Law, 2013.          ,       ,      www.lootedart.com,       . .              : https://iisg.amsterdam/files/2019-05/Bibliography_Displaced_Cultural_Treasures_as_a_Result_of_World_War_II_and_Restitution_Issues_0.pdf.




39


Gonza?lez-Ruibal A., Hall M. Heritage and Violence // Global Heritage: A Reader / Ed. L. Meskell. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons, 2015. P. 150170.




40


Ndoro W., Wijesuriya G. Heritage Management and Conservation: From Colonization to Globalization // Global Heritage: A Reader P. 131149.      ,                :  . .   -:   . .: . , 2015.                        : Jokilehto J. A History of Architectural Conservation: the Contribution of English, French, German and Italian Thought Towards an International Approach to the Conservation of Cultural Property. York: Univ., Inst. of Advanced Architectural Studies, 2005. P. 409428.




41


Ward Ph. The Nature of Conservation: A Race Against Time. The Getty Conservation Institute, 2005 (1986). . 3, 9;       ()  (),     .




42


Ibid. P. 911. . : Mu?oz Vi?as S. On the Ethics of Cultural Heritage Conservation. London: Archetype Publications, 2020,  ,     ,        :  ,   ,   ,      ,       .




43


        -,         и,     ,           : Historical and Philosophical Issues in the Conservation of Cultural Heritage / Eds. N. S. Price, M. K. Talley, A. M. Vaccaro. Los Angeles: Getty Conservation Institute, 1996. . 1160.     蠖            ,     .             ,       ,    (Ibid. P. 6).




44


,   , , . . ,    ,   ,   .    .   ,     .    ( . :    //  . :  2. . 2. .: . , 1981. . 34).




45


     ,   ,        .    .   :  . 堖  ! //  . 1990. 7. . 1121.




46


                : Chartier R. Inscription and Erasure: Literature an Written Culture from the Eleventh to the Eighteenth Century. Univ. of Pennsylvania Press, 2008.




47


 .   ,   :        // Stasis. 2 (.). 2017. . 530552.




48


,                 :    ,    ,  , , , ,         ,   -   ,  .          ,    (?)    ( . Varia. .: Grundrisse, 2010. C. 129).




49


Status pristinus  ,       ,    ()       ,  , ,   , status pristinus restituitur.           軠     ?




50


 . //   : . .: , 1989 (1930). . 186.




51


 ,        ,    ,  ,   ,    ,       (Beck J., Daley M. Art Restoration, the Culture, the Business and the Scandal. W. W. Norton, 1995).       ArtWatch   : http://artwatch.org.uk/tag/james-beck-connoisseurship-in-crisis/.          Sony .         -  : Januszczak W. Sayonara Michelangelo. Reading, Mass.: Addison-Wesley, 1990.    ,       ,    ,                     .




52


URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecce_Homo_(Mart%C3%ADnez_and_Gimnez).




53


    , ,   ,          , .       : , ,  (  . 2021. 2. . 1068);     -,  ,       ;     .




54


., ,      : Authenticity and Replication: the Real Thing in Art and Conservation: Proceedings of the International Conference Held at the University of Glasgow, 67 December 2012 / Eds. R. Gordon, E. Hermens, F. Lennard. London: Archetype Publications, 2014; Museums as Cultures of Copies: the Crafting of Artefacts and Authenticity / Eds. B. Brenna, H. D. Christensen, H. O. Hamran. Abingdon: Routledge, 2019.




55


.       XIX  : Conti A. A History of the Restoration and Conservation of Works of Art. Amsterdam etc.: Butterworth-Heinemann, 2007.




56


 . .  / . . , . . . . . .; .: Academia, 1933. . 7275, 77.




57


           : Issues in the Conservation of Paintings / Eds. D. Bomford, M. Leonard. Los Angeles: Getty Publications, 2004. P. 136.




58


 . .   - . 117118.




59


 . . 117133.




60


Heinich N. L administration de l authenticit: de l expertise collective ? la dcision patrimoniale // Ethnologie Fran?aise. 2009. Vol. 39. 3. P. 509519.       :  ,         ,  頖    ,  ,   ,   .        ,   , ,   .        ,             .      ,        (objets-personnes,    ), . ,   1.




61


   : https://kgiop.gov.spb.ru/media/uploads/userfiles/2015/08/27/____1994.pdf.  . . .




62


., ,         -   ,            ,  ,      ,      ,   ..: Stovel H. Origins and Influence of the Nara Document on Authenticity // APT Bulletin: The Journal of Preservation Technology. 2008. Vol. 39. 2/3. . 917;        : Cameron Ch., Inaba N. The Making of the Nara Document on Authenticity // APT Bulletin: The Journal of Preservation Technology. 2015. Vol. 46. 4. . 3037.




63


,     .   2021 ,   ,  , ,         1918-,   1941 .             ,    , ,   .        (, :   /  . . . .: V-A-C Press, 2015),     ࠖ          (H?lling H. The aesthetics of change: on the relative durations of the impermanent and critical thinking in conservation // Authenticity in Transition: Changing Practices in Contemporary Art Making and Conservation / Eds. E. Hermens, F. Robertson. London: Archetype Publications, 2016. . 1324).




64


: Giblin J. Critical Approaches to Post-Colonial (Post-Conflict) Heritage // The Palgrave Handbook of Contemporary Heritage Research / Eds. E. Waterton, S. Watson. London: Palgrave, 2015. . 313328; Gnecco C. Heritage in Multicultural Times // The Palgrave Handbook of Contemporary Heritage Research . 263280.          - Alerte Heritage:   -  , .   : https://www.alerteheritage.org/teksty; Gorshenina S., Tolz V. Constructing Heritage in Early Soviet Central Asia: The Politics of Memory in a Revolutionary Context // Ab imperio. 2016. 4. . 77115; Gorshenina S., Rapin C. De l archologie russo-sovitique en situation coloniale ? l archologie post-coloniale en Asie centrale // Nouvelles de l archologie. 2011. Vol. 126. . 2933.




65


Re-Enacting the Past: Heritage, Materiality and Performance / Eds. M. Daugbjer, R. S. Eisner, B. T. Knudsen. London: Routledge, 2016; Dawdy Sh. L. Patina:  Profane Archaeology. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 2016;      / . . . . . 2. .: -    . . . - , 2017.    . URL: http://static.iea.ras.ru/news/Ontological%20Turn.pdf; Golubev A. The Things of Life: Materiality in Late Soviet Russia. Ithaca: Cornell UP, 2020.




66


Brandi C. Theory of Restoration. Roma: Instituto centrale per il restauro, 2005 (1963).    ,   ,  ,     ,  , ,          .                , ,         ,                .        .




67


 .   :     // Wiener Slawistischer Almanach. Sonderband 50. Wien, 2001.




68


 .   :      . .:   , 2012.




69


Fabre D. Le patrimoine port par l motion // motions patrimoniales / Dir. D. Fabre. Paris, 2013. URL: https://books.openedition.org/editionsmsh/3580.             ,     ,     ,        , , ,              ,   ;  ⠖  ,     ,       .




70


      : Pravilova E. A Public Empire: Property and the Quest for the Common Good in Imperial Russia. Princeton: Princeton UP, 2014. . 131177.




71


Glendinning M. The Conservation Movement. . 359389;    ,      (Ibid. P. 204212).




72


.       ,       , : Heritage under Socialism: Preservation in Eastern and Central Europe, 19451991 / Eds. E. Gantner, C. Geering, P. Vickers. New York: Berghahn Books, Inc., 2021.




73


           (., :  . .  :         19171921 . .: . , 1985)       . ., ,          : Kelly C. Socialist Churches: Radical Secularization and the Preservation of the Past in Petrograd and Leningrad, 19181988. DeKalb: North Illinois UP, 2016;                 XVIIIXIX : Schoenle A. Architecture of Oblivion: Ruins and Historical Consciousness in Modern Russia. DeKalb: Northern Illinois UP, 2011;          :  . .         , 19201930- .   . .: - . . . , 2000;  . . ࠖ :    . .: , 2015;    :  . .    . .:  , 1987;  .   -:   . .: . , 2017;  . .       . XIX . .: , 1986;  .         . .: , 2006;  . .     :    . .:   , 2004;      : Deschepper J. Between Future and Eternity: aSoviet Conception of Heritage // International Journal of Heritage Studies. 2019. Vol. 25. 5. . 491506.




74


 . .      //  . . . . .:  55. . 2. ., 1967. . 505550.




75


Donovan V. How Well Do You Know Your Krai? The Kraevedenie Revival and Patriotic Politics in Late Khrushchev-Era Russia // Slavic review. 2015. Vol. 74 (3). . 464483;  .   :    . , 2016.




76


 .  :     : 19531985 . .:   , 2003.




77


 .  . URL: https://constellations.ru/allpapers/348-reps.html.




78


 .       . URL: https://constellations.ru/allpapers/878-rasstanovki-dlja-koshek.html;  .   -. URL: https://constellations.ru/allpapers/399-businessrasstanovki.html.




79


  ,   ,     Familieaustellungen,   ,  1970-              .     ,      ,      ,            .        ,      .    ,  ,    , , , ,   , ,     (https://www.hellinger.com/en/family-constellation/).    ,  , ,  , ,  ,    ,      ,    , ,    . (http://www.skepdic.com/hellinger.html).         , , ,         .


