  .  
  


  #7
       ,   .         ,              ,       ,    .        .

 ,         ,     XXI .      ,            .        ,     .

  PDF A4    .





  

  .  



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.        : 1988.  .    ʠ,   .  ,   , 1990.  ,    . 24 1991.      ,      .

  1991.  ,        [1 -    :     . 14 1991. https://www.interfax.ru/30years/796986],     [2 -     - . 24 1991. https://www.interfax.ru/30years/797092].   i,    ,    1991., ?     ,  i.








1 1991.    , 8      , 19 1992.         .  ,  ,     [3 -  . 1998,  10.   ].   ,   2016.   л[4 - https://interfax.com.ua/news/political/365083.html].




 


ʠ1991.     ,    -    -, -, -, -  .     1-  ,      .          (. 1).    1991. ~52. .,    ~38.      ~7.,  1,6    (~17. .)  (~16. .)  .



. 1.  1991. ( ., )[5 - GDP, PPP (current international $) http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.MKTP.PP.CD?locations=UA (GDP PPP WB 2016,  5)]






     i ,  1991.  ,      :       ,  i   .   ,  ,        ,   . ,    5%  ,    0,8%  ,      [6 - . : http://sevastopol.su/news.php?id=51802].

            ,    . ,     ,    ,      :   -  ,   ,     ,    ,  ,  - ,   [7 -  .      .: . 2003. 560., .33.].     :             [8 -  .      .: . 2003. 560., .513.].



     :         .       .   ,    ,      ,          ,            .       ,        4. [9 -  .      .: . 2003. 560., .43.].


   .  2004.      ,      10 ,  ,     ,     ,    .       ?[10 -  .          . 25 2013. https://www.vedomosti.ru/politics/articles/2013/11/25/yuschenko-prosit-evropu-spasti-ukrainu-ot-rossii].  ,  ,            [11 -  .     :  . 10.02.2005. http://politcom.ru/250.html].    ,      ,    ;  ,  ,  ,    .








   ,         ,      ,         .    ,  ,          .  -            ,   , ,    [12 -  .      .: . 2003. 560., .178.].

  2000- .        ,     ,   1990.,          [13 - GDP, PPP (constant 2017 international $) 05/25/2022 https://databank.worldbank.org/source/world-development-indicators# (GDP WB 19902020   1)].    ,        ,      (. 2).     ,    ,    ,    ,   ,       .



. 2.      , 1900=100[14 - https://be5.biz/makroekonomika/export/ua.html#main (- ( ),  7)]






,   ,     ,     .  1919.     . :    ,  ,         ,    ,   , -,       [15 - Keynes J.M, p. 266.]. ,    ,  ,  1922. -  . ,     [16 - Nitti F.S, p. 22.].

      ,   ,      [17 - Nitti F.S, p. 253.]. ,   ,      ,         , 1930- .     ,       .


   ,   ,         ,     ,       ,  ,   ,         .



. 3.  ($),   , 1990=100%[18 - GDP, PPP (constant 2017 international $) 05/25/2022 https://databank.worldbank.org/source/world-development-indicators# (GDP WB 19902020   1)]






  ,       (. 3),    2004 2014.        :        ,  2015.           . ,       [19 -  .       , 8 2015. http://minfin.com.ua/2015/10/09/9985592/]. ʠ2016.,      ,  ,  ,    ,         6![20 - World Economic Outlook Database-April 2016, International Monetary Fund. Accessed on 12 April 2016.]

        ,         50% 1996.,  12% 2019. (. 4).            : 1993.     74%,  20162021.  5560% [21 -  .      .: . 2003. 560., .178. ( : - ( ),  7)].

     ,        ,    .      ,  2017.       . ,              .    ,      ,   [22 -  .  .    ?   17.04.2017 https://aif.ru/money/economy/biznes_s_agressorom_chem_ukraina_torguet_s_rossiey].



. 4.   :   .,   , %  [23 - https://be5.biz/makroekonomika/export/ua.html#main (- ( ),  4)]






           :   2004., 2009.,     1,7;   2014, 2021.,       (. 5).      :     .   2015. ,       [24 -          https://www.rbc.ru/politics/24/02/2016/56cd77919a79470ff04a4352].



. 5.       , .[25 - 1 Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries); Count by filing office and applicants origin https://www3.wipo.int/ipstats/IpsStatsResultvalue]






       :       [26 -    . 12.12.2019. https://agrostory.com/info-centre/knowledge-lab/strany-s-agrarnoy-ekonomikoy/],       [27 -   10       AgroXXI 2 2015 https://www.agroxxi.ru/stati/10-stran-s-naibolee-razvitym-selskim-hozjaistvom.html].   ,   ,   ,   ,  ,  . 1.



. 1.  






   ,   20182019.      . ,   [28 -  :       ⠫   YouTube 16 2019. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mT4KCqj3KP8],     XIX,      15.,      , ,    [29 - :     -    YouTube 24 2018. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PGUbZgLQvYw3C. : International Energy Efficiency Scorecard https://www.aceee.org/international-scorecard; Key World Energy Statistics. International Energy Agency. https://www.iea.org/reports/key-world-energy-statistics].




 


      ,   ,        ,    ,    ,         ,      .      ,   ,     .

               (. 6)[30 -            () https://yearbook.enerdata.ru/total-energy/world-energy-intensity-gdp-data.html],        (. 7).        57 


, 1980- .,  24 1991.        19912007.  ~ 80%,    95%  ,    ,   .



. 6.  1990., koe/$15p[31 - 30  .   .   | History Lab  YouTube 4. 2021. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HHpcOS-BbBA]






  1991., ,   30 ,    ,  ,     ,    1989                .  ,         ,   ,   .    ,        [32 - :       2030. 2005.; , OECD: International Energy Agency. Key world energy statistics. 2003, p. 6, 7.].



. 7.     2001., %[33 -    /  :  . ;  , 1997. 330., .257.  . i  :  , ii //  i. i, 199. 24 . .5. (. :  .. :    ? .  , 2000, 160., 30)]









        



        1992.[34 - Ӡ ,   1990-    . http://obkom.net.ua/news/20070606/1404.shtml]   1992.        $50  . 


,      ,       $1,09  . 


.  100.        $80,          . ,    . 2000.,     ,       . ,             .  ,   .     . ,             $80[35 -             -  . . :  .,  .   //, 1999. 17. .5. (. :  .. :    ? .  , 2000, 160., 34)],  ,    , , 1997. $67,5[36 -  .     //, 1999. 11., .1.  .   //, 1999, 30., .5. (. :  .. :    ? .  , 2000, 160., 64); .  : http://obkom.net.ua/news/20070606/1404.shtml].

       1990- ,    ,  ~ $70,      19921999. ~ $84,   $90[37 -   , ,   . https://vseofinansah.ru/servisy/stoimost-gaza-ssha-evropa-yaponiya-po-godam; .   .   .  2002. , 2002. . 155; : Average German natural gas import price 19902017, USD/1000m? BP Statistical Review of World Energy June 2018].  ,   ,       100. 


 ,      2,6 . .   ,    ~10%   .      [38 -  .     //, 1999. 11., .1.  .   //, 1999, 30., .5. (. :  .. :    ? .  , 2000, 160., 64)].

      ,  ,       .    : 1993.        ,      ,     .          ,        [39 - . :  .  -   01.04.2008. https://www.vedomosti.ru/library/articles/2008/04/01/istoriya-rossijsko-ukrainskoj-gazovoj-torgovli?ysclid=l426bfv08e].        ,    1998.       ,     . ,      养[40 -  .          //, 11998. 16., .1, 5. (. :  .. :    ? .  , 2000, 160., 33)].

   , 1998.      1992.,        ,   ,   ETG蠫.  2002.  蠫    20032013.,       [41 -  -.   .  ,     . 14.12.2005. https://www.kommersant.ru/doc/635142].

      2004.,        ,    ,        $50  5,  2009.      2004.   ,     .   2005.          .         ,   net back, ..      .         ,  ,     [42 -     .  12 2005. //        http://newsruss.ru/doc/index.php/______#cite_ref-7].

,  ,   ,      3  , 1 2006.      .  ,       .  ,  ,      .

  2008.        ,        . ,  ,    ,      [43 - . :        , 01.03.2020 https://ria.ru/20131029/973397544.html;]. Ѡ1 2009., ?  ,      ,      ,      .     10   19,   80%          .

               :    ,    .   2009.,   ,       $45  ?       $75,      .            ,     .        ,   ,    .

 2010.       ,   30% (   $100),      97. .,        .      ,   :    ,    ,      ,       ,    ,              .        ,   . ,   [44 -    ,    .  (22 2010). . *. : https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/_#.D0.A1.D0.BE.D0.B1.D1.8B.D1.82.D0.B8.D1.8F_27_.D0.B0.D0.BF.D1.80.D0.B5.D0.BB.D1.8F].



   2009   2011.,   ,    7.         .      2013. ,       .       [45 - . : https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/,__].


       (. 8),      52    26 2013. ,   ,   2012   2013.       ,           .    2013.      . 18         .

  ,   2013.         400  286.[46 -          17.12.2013. http://economics.lb.ua/state/2013/12/17/247940_rossiya_snizila_tsenu_gaz_ukraini.html],       15 .,     3,     .            ,       2014.  ,  [47 -         https://ria.ru/20131029/973397544.html].



. 8.       , ./. ..[48 -    : http://info.vedomosti.ru/special/gaspriceschange.shtml;   http://www.gazprom.ru/press/news/2016/april/article272712/  http://www.gazprom.ru/about/marketing/europe/ .  : http://news.finance.ua/ru/news/-/292760/tsena-na-gaz-dlya-ukrainy-432-dolssha-tyskubm-eto-mnogo-ili-malo; OxfordInstitute for Energy Studie. July 2016.The Ukrainian residential gas sector: amarket untapped, P. 14. https://www.oxfordenergy.org/wpcms/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/The-Ukrainian-residential-gas-sector-a-market-untapped-NG-109.pdf; http://kvedomosti.com/256651-bazar-vmesto-rynka-torgovlya-ukrainy-s-rossiey-za-gody-putina-u-vlasti.html]






     2013.  414.,        (. 2).    2014.     2,7 .,             ,        ,  ,    [49 -          . Ru https://www.gazeta.ru/business/2014/02/03/5879669.shtml].



. 2.   ,  02.2013[50 -    . . : . 1 2013. http://izvestia.ru/news/544100   :  :    .   Forbes          2014. 19 2014.]






   2014.       .  ,           ,          ,       $485.     , ,             .

        20142021.     , :    ;             .  2016.        20%   ,       .



. 9.          , . ..[51 -        http://newsruss.ru/doc/index.php/______#cite_ref-95   The Ukrainian residential gas sector: amarket untapped. OxfordInstitute for Energy Studies. July 2016.]






 2019.              :                  ,        ,     -[52 -        . 27.11.2019. https://www.kommersant.ru/doc/4172441].

              ,    ,   ,         20152020. 31,5. . .  ,            3040 


.     ,  06.2021 . ,   ,        ,   10%   ,         ,        [53 -       ,  -2,      YouTube 02.06.2021. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6UWuMhe8e0k].

   ,        ,         ,       .  1996.   .  :       30%       ,   :  [54 -   .     :     û. . 1996. //  :   .  & , 21.11.1996. 229 (602)].    -1  1997.[55 -   https://lenta.ru/lib/14160423/#58]

        ,     1999.;     2003.;  -1    2011.;    2007.   ;   2020.    .

 20182022.      -2,   ,   ,    .        ,   , 29 2021.  -2,              [56 -       Ԡ    -  . 29 2021. https://www.gazprom.ru/press/news/miller-journal/2021/021694/].    2022.    ,  -    .




 


 2017.               [57 - Inequality index: where are the worlds most unequal countries? https://www.theguardian.com/inequality/datablog/2017/apr/26/inequality-index-where-are-the-worlds-most-unequal-countries?CMP=share_btn_fb].     ,     ,             .  ,     ( )    ,   30%        .       ,   ,   ,  ,  .

      ,      ,          ,           .           40%.  ,    ,   .



     ,   .  2012.   XXI.            Forbes   ,      20. (20-               1990- .)       ,   [58 -       .].


     . ,    ,     ,          녻[59 -  .      .: . 2003. 560., .172.].  ,  ,       ,      ,  ,        ,     [60 -  .      .: . 2003. 560., .171.].

                  .      ,       ,       .

  ,  :        , ,     .   ,      ,      .        ,       [61 -  .      .: . 2003. 560., .173.].

       :  ,       ,     ,    .  ,    ,          .  ,   . ,  ,    ,      .        ,      ,    Forbes,   2008.

    ,     :   ,    2002.  . ,        -     (,     ,   ),    [62 -  .     :   // . . 11 2002. http://polit.ru/article/2002/10/11/473556/].      :      ,   ,  2016.  Foreign Policy,     ,    ,   :           ,  ,  ,           -  [63 - M. Eristavi. Now WeKnow Who Really Runs Ukraine. http://foreignpolicy.com/2016/02/17/now-we-know-who-really-runs-ukraine/].  2014.,   Foreign Policy,    [64 - M. Eristavi. Now WeKnow Who Really Runs Ukraine. http://foreignpolicy.com/2016/02/17/now-we-know-who-really-runs-ukraine/].

        ,     ?           ,        ,    ,    :



 

   . 10,      ,   ,    . ..       ,    .



. 10.     [65 -    :   IMFs World Economic Outlook (WEO) Database. http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2009/01/weodata/index.aspx;       (   1990.).   http://www.forbes.com/wealth/billionaires#p_1_s_arank_-1__-1.       ( /) (Forbes 08.03.2012  15)], (     .)     2015/1990.,  [66 - (   1)]






    ,   .     ,    1865.         ,      . ,  1930- .,    ,      [67 - . ,  .   24 1933  12 1937 ( ԅ, .49, 131)].    ,     1898. -  . ,                   . ,          ,     ,      [68 -  ..  , .460.].

         .   74%  50%,         .



 

       (. 11)  ,     ,    ,     .         .



. 11.     [69 -    :   IMFs World Economic Outlook (WEO) Database. http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2009/01/weodata/index.aspx;       (   1990.).   http://www.forbes.com/wealth/billionaires#p_1_s_arank_-1__-1.       ( /) (Forbes 08.03.2012  15)]    TransparencyInternational 2011.[70 - http://www.transparency.org/research/cpi/overview (Forbes 03.2011  11) (   1)](   ,   )






        ,      ,    .    ,     . :    ,     ,     ,       텻[71 -  .߅, .82.].                  ,      ,       ,   .   ,     ,       .     ,     ,  ,    [72 -  .߅, .83.].

      :        ,      . ,         ,           ?[73 -  ҅., .241.]       ,    ,  2018. - ,      ,  ,    [74 - Andrew Higginsfeb. InUkraine, CorruptionIsNow Undermining the Military. 19.02. 2018 https://www.nytimes.com/2018/02/19/world/europe/ukraine-corruption-military.html?smid=tw-nytimesworld&smtyp=cur].       .  (01.2018),    2%   [75 -  .    :    . https://www.gazeta.ru/business/2018/01/22/11621636.shtml].



 ,  ,   ,   ,          ,        ,  ,          [76 -  .      .: . 2003. 560., .188.].


     ,   .  ,          ,       .              -,   ,       .., ..          .   ,         .      ,         .

      ,         :     ,    .



. 12.     [77 -    :   IMFs World Economic Outlook (WEO) Database. http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2009/01/weodata/index.aspx;       (   1990.).   http://www.forbes.com/wealth/billionaires#p_1_s_arank_-1__-1.       ( /) (Forbes 08.03.2012  15)]      19922013.[78 -   : https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/_; https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/_; https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/_], %






 

            .      2003.:              [79 -  .      .: . 2003. 560., .179.].       ,          XIX,         [80 -  .      .: . 2003. 560., .179.],  ,    ,    -    [81 -  .      .: . 2003. 560., .111.].

     ,             ?        ,      .       ,                 .     ,  1930- .   . ,          .       [82 -  , .257258.].

       , , ,      ,      ,               .           .              ,   .

     ,   1920- ,      ()    ,    1921.:        ,            ,  [83 - . :  .   .  . .: . 2022.].




 



		   
		-i i  
		  , i i ii :
		 i,   i!

. 
 i, 1841.

-      ,     ,    ,     . ,     ,    ,     ,    ,            酻[84 - . :  .    . .:  . 1. 2004.].







      .   ,   .  ,         . ,   ( ) ,       .      ,          ,       .      ,               [85 - . :  ..  . //  ..  .  , .. IXXI-. .: . .. . 1904.  .].

     .          ,   . ,        ,           [86 - . :  ..  . //  ..  .  , .. IXXI-. .: . .. . 1904.  .].          (last but not least) ,    ,   ,        ,    .        :      ,       [87 -  ..  . .:  . 1911, .239.].    . :       ,      ,  ,  ,         [88 -  ..       .  :        II.  : XVII .  5.   - .].

   ,   .    ,   ,     .        [89 -  .   ii  i 1590-.; .   1625. ( .  - , . 3032. ( ̅, .2, .26))].   ,        ,    .       ,   ,   ,      ,     [90 - . :  ̅, .36, 44, 45.].

      ,   1638.,    ,    ,   .         ,   :     ,  ,   , ,   [91 -  ̅, .44.].

     ,      :  ,      ,     ![92 -  ̅, .2, .38.];  ;  ,     [93 - . :  ̅, .2, .3845.].    ,     ,   ,    [94 -  ̅, .2, .45.].



 ,   ,     :

   1648. .                 ,       .        ,       [95 -  .      .: . 2003. 560., .235.].       :       (          1595.)     ,  ,     [96 -  ̅, .36, 45.].

    1649. .       ,                   [97 -  .      .: . 2003. 560., .237.].    8     ,   ,   , ,  ,   :      ,      [98 -  .      .: . 2003. 560., .238.].      ,  ,   :            [99 -  .      .: . 2003. 560., .238.].

   ,  1650- .     .         1651.      ,       ,    .       ,    ,       ,   滅      [100 -  .      .: . 2003. 560., .241.].


 ,      ,         :              ,      ,  ,       [101 -   .   . .3. .: 1954. 166, .460461. ( .  .   . //  1. 2004.)].  16481653. .                ,           .

 16511654.   ,   ,  60     ,       ,       (1640.),      1654. ,  (1655.).          ,      . [102 -  .          , .2,  1864, .355356. ( .,  .   . //  1, 2004.].



       ,         .      1649.  ,    .  ,         . ,   ,  ,     [103 -  .:  .. , .431, 432].            ,      .

       .  ,   ,      :            ,        .  ,     ,        ,                   ,   .  ,  ,   [104 -  .      .: . 2003. 560., .242.].


     1651.         .      ,  1652.   :                ,   (    )  ,     [105 -  .      .: . 2003. 560., .241242.];      .     , ,    ,        [106 -  .      .: . 2003. 560., .238.].

Ƞ      : 1 1653.             .  1654.    :   ,        ,     ,             :    ![107 -  .      .: . 2003. 560., .243.].        ,         ,             [108 - . :  .  .   . //  1. 2004; .   :  ̅, .2, .595597.  1654.    127,4.    ,  ,      188  .].



  ,       ,   13,  ,  ,   .      ,    17.  ,   ,  ,       7. .[109 - :  ̅, .2, .97, 98.]

   ,  ,    1666.,   ,      :    ,   . ʠ    .,     [110 -  ..     . . VI. .: 1990, .177178.].


 , ,    . ,    ,            ,      ,        . ,   . ,     ,   ,  ,     .                 .

         . ,      ,    ,  .   . ,     , ,      ,    ,    .            [111 -  ̅, .2, .41.].  1658.      ,         .

 ,          ,           ,    .     1659-   ,   ,  [112 -  .  .   . //  1. 2004.].  ,  . ,         ,     [113 -  ̅, .2, .58.].      . ,      [114 -  .    . : , 1996., .256. ( . ̅, .216.)].

    蠫 ,           ,        ,    .      ,       .

 ,      ,            .      : ,      .            [115 - . :  .    . . 1. 2004. ( .         .)].        ,    . ,     ,       [116 -  ̅, .2, .57.].                .   ,          [117 -        ,   .].



       .              ,     1,81,9.             400.  [118 -     (1596.)  , ,       ,        ,        ,       .    ,   ,       . .     ,     ( )  ,       . ( ̅, .2, .3637).].        ⠫       130. 酻 ..              ,    ,   810%  [119 -  .,  .   . //  1. 2004.].


  ,    ,      ,     ,                    ,    . ,  .                       ,      ,    [120 -  ..  . .:  . 1911, .:  .  .  . - . VI.  .].   ,   . ,      ,      :       [121 -  .     ? //   2015 4 (24)https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/ukraina-kak-prodolzhenie-rechi-pospolitoy].

,   ,     ,  ,  ,     , ,   . ,   ,  , ,    ,  .    ,     ;   ,   ,     .   ,   (discordia semina rerum): ,   ,     ,     ;         ,   ,  ;          ,     ;  ,    ;     .   ,   ,     ;  ,   ,  - ,    ,   .   ,       ,          ,    ,             .         ,   ,     ,   ,   ;     ;   ,   ,  ;  , ,      ,   .      ,             ,    [122 -  ..      . .: , 1990 768.    . ʠ200-    I. 1872.  , .581.].

 ,  ,       ,                  ,                .   ,      ,     [123 -  .      .: . 2003. 560., .254.].


* * *

       ?

   ,       ,    ,              .           ,       , ,                [124 -  ..     . . VI. .: 1990, .177178.].

  XVII    (       ),            .           (  -  - ),          .           ,         II  ..  125 ,    ,  ,        .        .   ,  ,      ,      [125 -  ̅, .2, .65.].




   


   ,            :    ,      ,       .  XVI.      ,       ,            . [126 -  .Å, .124.]




  .


   .

   ,     (https://www.litres.ru/pages/biblio_book/?art=68717346)  .

      Visa, MasterCard, Maestro,    ,   ,     ,  PayPal, WebMoney, ., QIWI ,       .



notes








1


   :     . 14 1991. https://www.interfax.ru/30years/796986




2


    - . 24 1991. https://www.interfax.ru/30years/797092




3


 . 1998,  10.   




4


https://interfax.com.ua/news/political/365083.html




5


GDP, PPP (current international $) http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.MKTP.PP.CD?locations=UA (GDP PPP WB 2016,  5)




6


. : http://sevastopol.su/news.php?id=51802




7


 .      .: . 2003. 560., .33.




8


 .      .: . 2003. 560., .513.




9


 .      .: . 2003. 560., .43.




10


 .          . 25 2013. https://www.vedomosti.ru/politics/articles/2013/11/25/yuschenko-prosit-evropu-spasti-ukrainu-ot-rossii




11


 .     :  . 10.02.2005. http://politcom.ru/250.html




12


 .      .: . 2003. 560., .178.




13


GDP, PPP (constant 2017 international $) 05/25/2022 https://databank.worldbank.org/source/world-development-indicators# (GDP WB 19902020   1)




14


https://be5.biz/makroekonomika/export/ua.html#main (- ( ),  7)




15


Keynes J.M, p. 266.




16


Nitti F.S, p. 22.




17


Nitti F.S, p. 253.




18


GDP, PPP (constant 2017 international $) 05/25/2022 https://databank.worldbank.org/source/world-development-indicators# (GDP WB 19902020   1)




19


 .       , 8 2015. http://minfin.com.ua/2015/10/09/9985592/




20


World Economic Outlook Database-April 2016, International Monetary Fund. Accessed on 12 April 2016.




21


 .      .: . 2003. 560., .178. ( : - ( ),  7)




22


 .  .    ?   17.04.2017 https://aif.ru/money/economy/biznes_s_agressorom_chem_ukraina_torguet_s_rossiey




23


https://be5.biz/makroekonomika/export/ua.html#main (- ( ),  4)




24


         https://www.rbc.ru/politics/24/02/2016/56cd77919a79470ff04a4352




25


1 Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries); Count by filing office and applicants origin https://www3.wipo.int/ipstats/IpsStatsResultvalue




26


   . 12.12.2019. https://agrostory.com/info-centre/knowledge-lab/strany-s-agrarnoy-ekonomikoy/




27


  10       AgroXXI 2 2015 https://www.agroxxi.ru/stati/10-stran-s-naibolee-razvitym-selskim-hozjaistvom.html




28


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