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CoinGecko Q12021 Cryptocurrency Report

M pe o a e ep aeaec cpp, coo o o eoeecx oo.

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      2018.  :      .      ,     -,       -.

 PwC, 2030.        $1,76.     : ,   , , ,   .

.  [1 - Dowd, K. New private monies. London: TheInstitute ofEconomic Affairs, 2014. P.44.]: ,     ,            ;       ,     ,   ,    .

  2021.,  Glassnode,  ,   0,01 ,   9,1[2 - https://coinspot.io/technology/bitcoin/chislo-bitcoin-adresov-s-nenulevym-balansom-dostiglo-trehmesyachnogo-maksimuma/ (https://coinspot.io/technology/bitcoin/chislo-bitcoin-adresov-s-nenulevym-balansom-dostiglo-trehmesyachnogo-maksimuma/).],  -    16,5[3 - https://coinspot.io/technology/ethereum/kolichestvo-efirium-adresov-s-nenulevym-balansom-pobilo-novyj-rekord/ (http://coinspot.io/technology/ethereum/kolichestvo-efirium-adresov-s-nenulevym-balansom-pobilo-novyj-rekord/).].

   ,       ?     ,      [4 - Niforos, M. Blockchain inDevelopment Part I: ANew Mechanism of 'Trust'? // EMCompass. 2017. Note 40. July.]:

    ,      (  ,   ,     ),     -.       ,    ,  ,   , " ",  ..    ,        ,     ,       .         .

      ,      ,      , ,  .   , , , ,    ,    .

   . [5 - Ibid.]:     ,         . Ƞ:     ,  ,                .             .       -,      .     ,   [6 - Niforos, M. Beyond Fintech: Leveraging Blockchain forMore Sustainable andInclusive Supply Chains // EMCompass. 2017. Note 45. September.].

 ,     ,     2500  ,  .   24    , 50     , 90    .

   Juniper Research,        2030.  $10[7 -   2022 // BCS Express. 2021. 28.].

       ,  ,  ,      .  ,  ,         ,    .

  ࠖ         .      堖  ,      .

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     (),  IBM Institute forBusiness Value, :

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IBM ,  2030.    -  $3,1[8 -  ..,  . .         (DEFI) // - :   . . :  , 2020. .5162.].    , 2025. 10%     [9 - Dimech, A. Theimpact ofblockchain technology onSMEs. Agrounded theory approach // Master Thesis // Malta Institute ofArts, Sciences andTechnology // 2020. December.].

   ?[10 -  . -    // . 2021. 11.]

-   .   2021.    ,  DLT (  ),   $15.    CB Insights,  384% ,   2020.        $6,5,     ,     . :     2016.   $550[11 - Niforos, M. Blockchain inDevelopment Part II: How It Can Impact Emerging Markets // EMCompass. 2017. Note 41. July.].

   ,              :          .  ,         ,   ,           . Ƞ    𻠖  [12 -  . ..]      .

  ,       (thevery infancy)[13 - Cagigas, D., Clifton, J., Diaz-Fuentes, D., Fernndez-Gutirrez, M. Blockchain forPublic Services: ASystematic Literature Review // IEEE Access. Vol.9. 2021. Jan18.].     .  ,    ,             .     .




1. , ,     





1.1

Ƞ:   ?


 ,  ,

  , :

   ,

 , , .

 

 2018.      ,        .     ,    , ,  ,   .        (       ):

    ,       .    ,   .      .  ,      -  ,     ,  .         ࠖ       ,  .

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,     ,       [14 -   2022 // BCS Express. 2021. 28.].

   PwC, 2030.        $1,76  40  [15 - .].

. [16 -  . .  -  //  . 2019. 5 (32).]   -: 1.0, 2.0 3.0.   1.0   ,       . ʠ 1.0      (Bitcoin, Litecoin, Dogecoin .)   [17 - Nakamoto S. Bitcoin: APeer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System. https://bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf (https://bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf).].     1.0  Bitcoin,     2009.

 2.0  ,    -.        Ethereum 2013.      2.0,    2015.    2.0 (Ethereum, Waves .) ,  -   ;  ,       .     ,  .

  ,   3.0,    ,    .       ,   .    (dAps, )         .

ʠ 3.0   Lightning Network ,        ,  Hyperledger Fabric (  2015.      3.0).




1.2

Π    :    


      .

 ,

     ,  2018.


        ,     .   ,   ,   .

  ,     ResearchAndMarkets.com (https://www.researchandmarkets.com/)    20212026:  [18 - Global Blockchain Markets 20212026: Analysis & Forecasts with Focus onOver 80 industries ResearchAndMarkets.com (https://www.researchandmarkets.com/) // 2021. July09. https://www.ResearchAndMarkets.com/r/uvgt5d (https://www.researchandmarkets.com/r/uvgt5d).].   ,  20212026.    (CAGR) 56,9%      $56,7 ( $6,0 2021.).

   ͻ     [19 -  .,  . -:     // 2021. 12. https://www.aton.ru/ideas/blokcheyn_industriya_osnovnye_trendy_i_klyuchevye_benefitsiary/ (https://www.aton.ru/ideas/blokcheyn_industriya_osnovnye_trendy_i_klyuchevye_benefitsiary/).]           ,      [20 - . 2.5.].

    :     100. , 2024.    1  2030.  4:  ,  ,   ,  .  -       , , ,   [21 - .].

       .     (DeFi)[22 - .5.] 2021.     ,  䠖  $200.

.      :  ,   DeFi   (NFT)[23 - .3.].

   $20000 2018.         .     ,    .    ,   ,    ,  ,    ..

   ,    ,     - .  ,      (2019.      10%),    ,    .

      ,   2020.  Taxbit    2 .  2021.      50.

         .

.     [24 - Marr, B. TheSix Biggest Blockchain Trends Everyone Should Know About In2021 // 2021. Mar 12. https://bernardmarr.com/the-six-biggest-blockchain-trends-everyone-should-know-about-in-2021/ (https://bernardmarr.com/the-six-biggest-blockchain-trends-everyone-should-know-about-in-2021/).]:

   [25 - . 6.4.].

   [26 - .6.],    .    , ,  ,   컠   ,  .

,    2023.  $16. : 2019.    $2,7.

  :   Gartner ,  14%  -    2020. (2019.   5%).

 NFT[27 - .3.].      :    ,     .            .

        , , , Π .      ,  ,    . NFT      .

  (BaaS)[28 - .4.]     ,   ,   (IoT)   (AI). ,      - ,        .

   ,  ,   Ethereum Hyperledger Fabric,         .  ⠖    (,         ).       .

  ,   .  ,     ,   -,  ,    .

     [29 - .2.],        .  , Tether, TrueUSD USDCoin,      () [30 - .7.].

           .         ,    -  -  Twitter[31 - .2.].

         (, CBDC  )[32 - .8.].

Π       ,          ,    .




1.3

 2020-:  


    ,   .        .     .

 ,
- Coinbase

,     ⠫ 2019. 2020-[33 - CB-Insights. TheBlockchain Report 2020. Financing, Themes, Coronavirus, & TheYear Ahead // https://www.readkong.com/page/the-blockchain-report-2020-financing-themes-2953720 (https://www.readkong.com/page/the-blockchain-report-2020-financing-themes-2953720).]. ,:

    .

      ,     ,    .

   .

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 Chambers    [34 - Cohen, L. Blockchain 2021 // Chambers andPartners. 2021. June17. https://practiceguides.chambers.com/practice-guides/blockchain-2021 (https://practiceguides.chambers.com/practice-guides/blockchain-2021).]         .

      COVID-19,        ,    :          ,      .  ,     (12 2020.),    24     30%,  ,     ,  ,      DeFi.

  [35 -  .    2020 // . 2020. 20.] (  SIGEN.pro (https://sigen.pro/)), 2020.   :    ,     .

       20%.   .         .           . ࠖ       ,   .

    2020.  ,      .           .  2020. Grayscale   80% ,   :  - Grayscale   450000 BTC 2,4%  .   MicroStrategy   $250. ,  MicroStrategy,  ,   .

      Square  $50 (1% )  ,               [36 - .].

2020-       SEC ()  .    Telegram     -   TON,      ,  ,    ..         - SEC.

 7 2020. TON Labs   7000        TON.   ࠖ   (DOD). Free TON , -  - . TON         TON OS. TON Surf       ,      TON,    .  . ,   -    ,  [37 - .].

     DeFi-.  DeFi      .   DeFi 2019.  $1,2,         .

 DeFi :

Maker   ,      DAI.  DeFi    : $280  2020.   DAI  8,75%.

Compound    ,   ,       .   ⠖ $70  2020.   DAI  7,58%[38 - CB-Insights. TheBlockchain Report 2020. Financing, Themes, Coronavirus, & TheYear Ahead. https://www.readkong.com/page/the-blockchain-report-2020-financing-themes-2953720 (https://www.readkong.com/page/the-blockchain-report-2020-financing-themes-2953720).].




1.4

 2021-: DeFi NFT  


,   .  ,   ,    ,   []     .

 ,
     Avanti.  2021.




  


     2021.   [39 -  .    :    2021 // ForkLog. 2021. 02.]:

    :       ;

    -   ;

    ,    ;

     , ,   DeFi;

        CBDC;

   ;

    ;

   Ethereum 2.0 Polkadot.




2021  [40 -   CoinGecko Q12021 Cryptocurrency Report.]


 -   :    2021.    ,  DLT,  $7.    CB Insights[41 - Blockchain Funding IsAt AnAll-Time High Here's What's Driving TheBoom // CB Insights. 2021. July8.]. :  2018.    $4,47, 2019. $3,1,  2020.   $2,8.

         $2,6.  $350    BlockFi,  $305    Dapper Labs,  - NBA Top Shot CryptoKitties.  Blockchain.com (https://www.blockchain.com/)   $400 .

 ,   Mindrock Capital,       ,          .        (USDC),     ,      ,    .      20172018.,      ,        [42 -  . -    // . 2021. 23.].

   2021.     $2.    -5   364%.

    ,   .         .    ,     . USDT BUSD       1 3.

 20202022.      (20162018).       .     $3  .      .          .         .

   0,95%   .    MicroStrategy Inc. (  0,436%), Tesla Galaxy Digital Holdings.

   ($1,1)   10 ,   ($11).

 DeFi   : 5,5%   .    (TVL) Ethereum Binance Smart Chain (BSC)  $72,  BSC  . Ethereum   -  .    ,   DeFi,    .   BSC   ,  Ethereum. ,   Ethereum ,       .

Uniswap         DEX,   DeFi.

   DeFi 1 2021.  $71,3. DEX     DeFi.      DEX, Uniswap, Sushiswap PancakeSwap.    15% ,   19%.

     CoinGecko   , Binance Smart Chain, Fantom, Polkadot, Solana, PancakeSwap, Terra.

  .   ,    (USDT, USDC, LUNA, UST, FRAX, FXS .), - (BUSD, PAX, BAC, BAS, sUSD, SNX .),   ,     :  ,     (AMPL, BAC, ESD),        (FRAX, sUSD, UST),    (RAI, FLOAT).

   - (堖  2021.)  erraUSD (UST) $1,6 (72,8%).

-,  FRAX, UST sUSD,     $1.

           (DEX+CEX)  $1  $1,5 (+204%). CEX  93%  .  DEX  7,2%.

T-10 DEX 1 2021.: Uniswap, PancakeSwap, Sushiswap, 1Inch, Bancor, 0x, Curve, Tokenlon, Balancer, Terraswap. Top-10 CEX 1 2021.: Binance, Huobi, OKEx, Coinbase, Kraken, Bitfinex, Kucoin, Gate.io (https://www.gate.io/), Crypto.com (https://crypto.com/), Gemini.

Binance     ,    46 55%.     BTC  $1,73.




2021  [43 - CoinGecko Q22021 Cryptocurrency Report.]


       ,       $2,2.          20%   33%. ʠ        41%, $1,3.

      . Dogecoin   : 366%.

    (16,3%)   50%.     6,7% (20%).     USDT, BNB, ADA DOGE. To-5    76%  $105 ,      35% $73,6.

     $35,969,    40%.       ,  Tesla    BTC,    ,     21 2021. 蠫   .

-   2021.   $4,38,   ,     .    15%   [44 - 7 -,     2021 // wfin.kz. 2021. 06.].

   1,03%   .  MicroStrategy Inc.  0,5%   BTC,  Tesla 0,229%, Galaxy Digital Holdings 0,078%.

    5,9%  , 28,8% Apple, 32,2% Microsoft Corp. 67% Facebook.

 DeFi      .    DeFi   $150   55%.     DeFi  43%.   DeFi     5%.

 ,  DeFi    .  ,  DeFi      TradFi.

   (TVL) Ethereum   14% (79%).     Binance Smart Chain (BSC) Polygon     .  BSC   :    13% TVL.

  DeFi 1 2021.  $48,4. DEX    DeFi:   48%   DeFi.    DEX Ethereum (Uniswap Sushiswap). - DEX : THORChain     .    16 30%,       DeFi   20%  .

       ,     3050%      DeFi.

    CoinGecko  :    ?

 1  55     $36, , , 1,43  ,    2020. Dogecoin   87%   ($31,6),   Shiba Inu ($4,3) MonaCoin ($113).  ,  SHIB,    $456693.

13 2021.  Ethereum    $1 India Covid Relief Fund,  50  SHIB,   .

      Uniswap, Polkadot Kusama.

12 2021.     Sotheby's         .       .     $13.   15,     : Bitcoin Ethereum.

    . ʠ     91%  .   NFT  , , ,  OpenSea Rarible        15%.   OpenSea.     OpenSea      Rarible,        17.

 NFT-   ,    .     NFT  -.    ,   ,  .          .

      NFT Axie Infinity.

    -10 CEX+DEX (  2021.)  69% $7,38. DEX  ,  CEX (131%  65%).  DEX/CEX 9,4%.

   CEX  $6,74. Binance  ,   50% .  Huobi  18 15%.    CEX , 53%   Binance.   Huobi (17%), OKEx (13%) Coinbase (7%).  -10 DEX   Pancakeswap v1 (38%), Uniswap v2 (33%) Uniswap v3.    o-10 DEX  $637 (+131% ).

    BTC  $5,26. Binance   58%.   , Bitmex FTX      (201 108% ).

 -9       1 2021.  Binance, FTX, OKEx, Huobi, Bybit, Deribit, BitMEX, Kucoin, Gate.io (https://www.gate.io/).

       Cardano.      Ethereum 2014.    PoS   -,  .

         . Cardano Foundation   20232024.         Fortune500,  2026.      1[45 -  .  Cardano   Alonzo // . 2021. 17.].

   Alonzo,     2021.    DeFi-  Cardano,     .




1.5

  2021.   


DeFi   ,     ,   ,         .

 ,
 Ethereum




  2021.


   2021.[46 -       :  . -    // . 2021. 11.]      - -.  CB Insights,     4,5 ;     286 ( 71%  ).       Coinbase Ventures:     24 .

          -  $2,9.          1000% (CB Insights ,     2020.    $263).

    ,      -  $1,4.

  -:      .   12    ;        .      .

   NFT-. Ѡ 2021.       6500%  2020-.   2021.     NFT-  $2,   90%     .      :  $1,3.

       .     $22,     450%.      -  Sorare NFT- ,   CryptoKitties  Flow Dapper Labs,    NFT OpenSea.

 CB Insights ,      .    2021.     $2:  2240% ,    ($84).

      ,   . Ѡ      26%  ,   2021.      $4.      333%.

   2021.         $1,7.  -30   31%[47 -     CoinGecko Q32021 Cryptocurrency Report.],     47%.    ,     ,    HODL.

   Cardano     -5 :  53%.      -5,   25%.

   ,      4,5%. Solana Binance Coin (BNB)  .

  17%,    $123.    14%.   -5  USDT    20%.   Tether     -     .

      BTC .    ,      $43,859.

      BTC.   BTC ,      .      .

   85 TH/s      21 2021.       145 TH/s, ,     .

        ,   25%.

   1,11%   .  ⠖ MicroStrategy Inc., Tesla, Galaxy Digital Holdings.

    7,4%   , 35,8% Apple, 38,1% Microsoft Corp. 85,5% Facebook.

  DeFi  91% $67 $128.  DeFi     4,7 5,8%.   DeFi, ,     DeFi-  ,  Avalanche, Solana Terra. Solana Avalanche    ,     6% 2% TVL.  Terra  5%, Ethereum    TVL.

       AXS:       .

 Solana   . ʠ  TVL Solana  $10,37,      Ethereum Binance Smart Chain.

   Avalanche. ʠ   TVL  $4,       (   Polygon).    AVAX (  Avalanche)    .      455%.         Ethereum      .

  NFT   .    OpenSea Rarible  $6,8. Hic et nunc,  Tezos,     20%.   Nifty Gateway  : 43 21%.    NFT-     OpenSea.

     NFT   .

 ,   ,  -10 NFT    .

Cool Cats  10000   ,   ,  . Ӡ    (3 10),   .      .

0N1 Force  7777 ,      .

Loot  8000 NFT,       .

Mutant Ape Yacht Club (MAYC)  20000  ,   BAYC.   BAYC 10000    ( M1M3)   -.

 NFT-  Loot   .

    ,  -10,    $6,74 $3,90 (42,17%).

To-10 CEX 1 2021.: Binance, Huobi, Coinbase, Crypto.com (https://crypto.com/), FTX, KuCoin, Gate.io (https://www.gate.io/), Kraken, Bitfinex, Gemini.  Binance  62 54%     .      Huobi  19 13%,   60%.   CEX  -    .

DEX ,  Ethereum,   . To-10 DEX 1 2021.: Uniswap (v3), Uniswap (v2), PancakeSwap (v2), SushiSwap, Raydium, 1inch, Trader Joe, Curve, WaultSwap, QuickSwap.

-9       1 2021.: Binance, FTX, Bybit, Huobi, OKEx, Bitfinex, Kucoin, Deribit, BitMEX.




 [48 - CoinGecko 2021 Year End Cryptocurrency Report.]


2021.         ,    $3    $2,4.

     $48000     ,     .           40%.    ,     ,    ,  Solana , .

 2021. DeFi-       Ethereum. TVL[49 - TVL (Total Value Locked)    - . TVL    .] DeFi-  $234.

      Axie Infinity    NFT,   .    NFT 2021.   $23,9.

 Facebook Meta      ,  Web 3.0.    NFT ,  ,     .

   2021.  $2,0,   ,    .  -30   2021. 176%   $2,53 . ,  Ethereum,  ,     .   ,     .

 2021.  -5   469%,    -30  .  Tether ,   ,  ,    ,  .

2021.     . Π     .    BTC  .    $1.

 2021.,  RektHQ, -      $14.   2021. Poly Network -   $611.       .  - Reservoir Compound   : $147 COMP   ,   .   : BitMart $196, Badger $120, Cream Finance $130.

    $47191 (+62,6%). 10     : $69045.

     21 2021.    ,   10   : 182M TH/s.

 21 2021.   35%   .     18%.

    1,14%   .      MicroStrategy Inc., Tesla, Galaxy Digital Holdings SquareInc.

9    : $4815.     403%.

  DeFi   2021.  650%.  2021.  DeFi  7,5 , $20 $150,  DeFi    , 2,8 6,5%.

 2021.   -DeFi.

   2021.   TVL    , $234.

 DeFi 1 2022.: $66,3.

   Terra Solana, LUNA   121%    12894%  . Solana     112.

  o-10 NFT- 2021.  $23,9.   : OpenSea (61%), Axie Infinity (17%) CryptoPunks (10%).

 Ethereum Ronin     NFT.        88%,   OpenSea  Axie Infinity.    , Panini ($21), Tezos ($16), Theta Network ($15) BSC ($5).

  NFT:   -, ࠫ 5000黠       .

 2021. NFT    . Visa   #7610  -. Axie Infinity   NFT-   $1.       $4,3 The Sandbox.   OpenSea 5   $10.

    , ,   F&B ( )  NFT-.   NFT  Nike, Adidas, Dolce & Gabbana, Phillips, Budweiser  Pringles!     (DAO)  (PleasrDAO, FlamingoDAO, JennyDAO),          .   NFT  堖 Merge  Pak $91,8 4 2021.  2021- NFT    . ѠNFT     Christie's Sotheby's.

Top-10 CEX  1 2022.: Binance, Huobi, Coinbase, Crypto.com (https://crypto.com/), FTX, OKEx, KuCoin, Kraken, Bitfinex, Gate.io (https://www.gate.io/).    2021.    o-10   $5,55.      Binance  42,7%     . To-10 DEX  1 2021.: Uniswap (v3), Uniswap (v2), PancakeSwap (v2), SushiSwap, Trader Joe, Raydium, Curve, SpookySwap, Compound Finance, QuickSwap.    2021.     -10 DEX  $522 (+67% ).

Uniswap    DEX (V2 V3),       44,1%. To-9        1 2022.: Binance, FTX, Bybit, OKEx, Bitfinex, Kucoin, Deribit, BitMEX, Huobi.

   (open interest, OI) -9      $1,22.   -4    75% OI.




- 2021.  2022-


   Chambers[50 - Cohen, L. Blockchain 2021 // Chambers andPartners. 2021. June17 // https://practiceguides.chambers.com/practice-guides/blockchain-2021 (https://practiceguides.chambers.com/practice-guides/blockchain-2021).], 2021.      -.  , NFT,      , ,   ..,   . NFT   ,            .

       ,      2021.           (FATF),    ,   ()  .

 DeFi      .     ,    ,   ,   ,   ,    ,   DeFi.

2021.   ࠖ ,       .

.    - 2021. [51 - Ahmad, S. 5Top Blockchain Trends In2021 // Shifted. 2021. Sep2.]   (DeFi),   (NFT)   . (   Microstrategy  :  2020.         2021.   110000 .  ,  2021. Tesla     $1,5.       .)

    䠖 .          DOGE.  ,  DOGE,    ,  . ,    : SHIB, DOGELON, CUMMIES,      DOGE.    :  Shiba Inu  -50  .

   䠖 CBDC.

 ,    .       -  .  2017. ICO    ,    .     .      ,  NFT ,     .

 ,    , , ,     ,        .

     - 2021.   DeFi, NFT, CBDC.    -[52 - Monteiro, L. 5Top emerging Blockchain technology trends tofollow in2021 // IBS intelligence. 2021. July14.]:

BaaS Blockchain-as-a-Service ( );

VC & SSI[53 - Verifiable Credential & Self Sovereign Identity (Universal Identity).]     () ;  SSI     ,         ,     ,    .




2.    





2.1

     


  .

 ,
   ,  2020.




 ?


  . Ӡ      .    [54 - Cryptocurrency Ecosystem Comparison // Chainalysis. 2021. July1.]  ,     .

  ,      .         :   ( ,   75%   -  ),  (   75%)   (   ,  ).   ,    ,        .

73%   ,  58%  43%   USDT_ETH.   7%    ,       18%,  USDT_ETH 14%.

           (.. ,  ).      150  ,  75   67    Tether USDC.

    ? Chainalysis,    ,    (  $1),  ($10000$1),   ($1000$10000)   ( $1000).

    69%     .  ,  ,     ,    ,            .

, ,         ,      2021.  ,  .    ?

Ѡ 2020.   Ethereum     DeFi,        DeFi.   DeFi-   Ethereum.  ,     Ethereum,   ERC-20.  ERC-20   ,    Ethereum, ,      Ethereum.

  ,    .    , Tether US Dollar Coin (USDC),   .       ,   ,      ,   - (C2C),        .          ,        .

 ,   ,      ,   ,      .   -           .

          .    .        DeFi.            .    ,  ,      ,   .




   


 [55 -  . : , , .   . , 2022.]        ( CBDC      )    :  ,  ,   :

1. 蠖   ,   .

2.  (    ࠖ ) ,   ,    ,     .          (),  ,      .

3. ,    ,     /     ,    .        ,   .

4.  ,       ,     :    ,   (   ),      .     ,   ,    ,    02.08.2019 259-.




 


31 2021.            $2,3,      Microsoft   1%    . 9 2021.    $3.   , 95%  ⠖ .

 蠖  ( $0,9, 38%) Ethereum ( $450, 19%).    Tether ($78).     :    (Tether, USD Coin, Binance USD, DAI)  $4,9  2020. $143  2021.[56 - .]

 2 2022.      $10.    : Bitcoin $888, Ethereum $422, Tether $82, Binance Coin $74, USD Coin $52, Solana $45, XRP $41, Cardano Terra $40, Avalanche $28[57 - https://finance.yahoo.com/cryptocurrencies (https://finance.yahoo.com/cryptocurrencies).].

 Chainalysis   2021. [58 - Cryptocurrency Ecosystem Comparison // Chainalysis. 2021. July.],         :  $869,  $840,    Ethereum (wETH) $635 (wETH   ERC-20,   ,    DeFi)  $623.

  Shiba Inu     CoinMarketCap   2021.  190 .    ,    145 .

 CoinMarketCap,  Shiba Inu    2021.    ໠ Dogecoin:   107 . Dogecoin  Cardano Ethereum 86 81  .

    [59 -  .  .      $3. 2 // vc.ru (https://vc.ru/). 2021. 12.].   蠖 $100200 . 17    ,  1   . Ԡ     . 2020.     ,  $600, 2021.     .

    ,        7 14,5%.

      (GFSR),   2020.  2021.         , Binance ( ), Huobi ( ), Bithumb ( ), Bitfinex ( ).

   2021.     ,         (29%)   (12%)[60 -  . : , , .   . , 2022.].




2.2

   


 -,   .

  ,
    ,  .  2021.




   


    Chainalysis 2021.[61 - The2021 Global Crypto Adoption Index: Worldwide Adoption Jumps Over 880% With P2P Platforms Driving Cryptocurrency Usage InEmerging Markets // Chainalysis. 2021. October14.]       ( 154 ).

         ,    .   ,     ()     ,  ,   ,       -  2-  .

      2021.  :  ( ࠖ 1),  (0,37),  (0,36),  (0,29),  (0,28).     (0,22),   (0,16),   (0,14).

    :

-,     .       2300%   2019.   881% 2020.  :         ,    -,      ,     ,     2021.    .

-,       P2P.       , ,  .    ,    ,   2     .

,   蠖   ,   ࠖ  P2P-  -,     ,     .

 2021.    .  2020.   4- ,  6-.  2021.   8- , 頖 13-. ࠖ       P2P-,   ,  .   53-  155-,  16- 109-.           .

     ?   ,   ,      ,          DeFi,        2-.

     .          .  ,  ,  ,    .    [62 - Ganesan, A., Harika, B. V. S. Overview ofRisk Estimation Methods forCryptocurrency // United International Journal forResearch & Technology (UIJRT) // 2021. Vol.02. Issue08.]        .

-   (Full Value Dan)  2021.  YouTube  550000    ,    .  TheNewYork Times      coinforidiots.com (https://www.coinforidiots.com/)  21  Idiot Coin,  ,      ,    .      5 ,   Telegram  Reddit,    $1000.     300   [63 - Segal, D. Going forBroke inCryptoland // TheNewYork Times. 2021. Aug05.].

  -   ,     ,   ,          ()   -,    -  ,  Chainalysis    - 2020. 25 .

     2020.  $4,    , ,  $1,1.    $0,9,  $0,8, ,   $0,6   $0,5.

   .  20     :  2002.    70%  6%,   53-   ,  10-     .  2020.   13-     ($351),      [64 - Bitcoin Gains ByCountry: Who Benefited TheMost From The2020 Boom? // Chainalysis Blog. 2021. June7.].

  .          $2,9    18-     $241.  ࠖ    .   ,   2020.,      .

      .   Redfield & Wilton Strategies ( 2021.)[65 - Redfield & Wilton Strategies. Britcoin Poll Results. London, UK. 2021. Aug 1314.], 16%       , 31%, ,     .       -,  .

 Opinium,   2021., [66 - Jackson, J. Cocktail ofdebt fuelling crypto-boom among theyoung // Interactive Investor. 2021. July07.],     45%   18 29   ,       . 11%       [67 - Lloyd, M. 11 per cent ofUK adults plan onbuying crypto over next year // Peer2Peer Finance News. 2021. July14.].

      -,   ,    ,    Draper Associates.  ,    80%  ,      ,    [68 - Crypto Trading Strategies // Benzinga Crypto Trading Festival // https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ubpYvNAdZvs (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ubpYvNAdZvs).].  ,    -  .     Gemini (26%    ), Robinhood (25%  2021. ) eToro (  20%    )[69 -      // . 2021. 02.].

 2021.   CNBC  Momentive : 11%    34     ,    [70 - :     // Coinspot. 2021. 26.].

 Gallup  -,   $10000, ,  2018.  2021.     2 6%. 5%  ,       .

 1000     2021.    GamblersPick[71 - Cryptocurrencies 2021 Survey: Save orSpend? // GamblersPick Blog. 2021. Aug11.]. ,  37%       .      - ( 1946 1964.).       .           $1645 ( $1940,  $1375).

          (75%),   (32%),      (24%),   (21%),       (18%).        (35%),   (9%)   (7%).

  Binance Research[72 - 2021 Global Crypto User Index. // Binance Research. 2021/ January28.]     :    (55% ),     (38%),      (31%)    (FOMO Fear OfMissing Out, 27%).

 ,   1000    Opinion, 38% ,      , 30% 2021.      .        ,        (FCA).     42% 2019. 78% 2021.[73 - Research Note: Cryptoasset consumer research 2021 // FCA. 2021. June17.]

45%    18 29     .       , 38%    [74 - FCA warns that younger investors are taking onbig financial risks // FCA Press Release. 2021. Mar23.].

    2022.    1600  18 53  .  [75 -     ,     //   . 2022. 17.],   ,  -  , 2017.  16 67%, ,    , 11 22%. 61%  ,       , 18%  .  35%   48%         ,   .

36%         28% .  41% ,      , ,    . 8%        , 19%  .

   ,      [76 - Abraham, J., Sutiksno, D.U., Kurniasih, N., Warokka, A. Acceptance andPenetration ofBitcoin: TheRole ofPsychological Distance andNational Culture // SAGE Open. 2019. July Sept P.114.]       .




  :   


    ,  P2P-  .      .        ,          䠖  ,   .

   Cryptorefills (2021.)[77 - Cabuc, U.C., Silenzi, M. Cryptocurrencies inRetail: Consumer Adoption Report 2021 // CryptoRefills Labs. 2021. June.], 61,7%      ,  20% ,    . 70%   ,   ,   ,  16,5%  .   48,3% ,   ,   .

70,4%      .   ,       ,        ,  .  ,        ,  ,    ,   .

     ,      .       ,       ,     . 40%    ,   ,   35,9%       . ,          .

60,3%      ,   20%   .

63,5%  ,        , 17,9% ,     - ,  4,8%    .

72,4%  ,       .

         . 57,9%  ,      . 56,9%       .

 -:      ,        .  ,    ,      . 40%     .

        :  -   ( -,   ..),  .  43,1%       -   .   , ,     .

     . -,  ,       .      ,   .     ,      .




2.3

 


   -      ,    .

 ,
  Coinbase




 :   Bitfinex


   Bitfinex 4 2020.   [78 - Up toUS$400 Million Reward forReturn ofStolen 2016 Bitcoin // 2020. Aug 04 // https://www.bitfinex.com/posts/494 (https://www.bitfinex.com/posts/494).]:

  2 2016.      .       2072  ,     119755 .       ,    ,  .

  堖      . ,   Bitfinex ,  5%  ,  25% (      ).   ,   Bitfinex ,        .

 ,    ,   $400   BTC,      .     , 2019.,  $1,344, 30%  $403288427.

     .    2022.       .    .   ,  2016.  Bitfinex   $71,    $4,5[79 - Department ofJustice. Office ofPublic Affairs. Two Arrested forAlleged Conspiracy toLaunder $4.5 Billion inStolen Cryptocurrency // ForImmediate Release. 2022. Feb8.].          ,       $3,6.

     ,    $100.     ,     $3  $5[80 -  .        $4,5    Bitfinex // vc.ru (https://vc.ru/). 2022. 9.],      .

    ,  . .      ,        ,     ,  ,         ,          ,    .     ,   ;       ,     (AEC)               [81 - Van Voris, B., Dolmetsch, C. Bail forCrypto Couple in$4.5 Billion Hack IsHalted byJudge // Bloomberg News. 2022. Feb9.]. -?

11 2021. - Poly Network (  ,   )    :   $600   [82 -   :  : -50    (20112022). https://bytwork.com/articles/krazha-btc (https://bytwork.com/articles/krazha-btc).].

  CipherTrace,  2021.   DeFi  $361     ,   2020.    DeFi   3 54%![83 -     //  mail.ru (https://mail.ru/). 2021. 11.]




 KPMG


  KPMG ( 2020.)[84 - Leising, M. Halting $9.8 Billion inTheft IsKey toCrypto Growth, KPMG Says // Bloomberg News. 2020. Mar2.] ,  2017. -             $9,8.

   ,  ,      ,  ,  ,   ,     KPMG  .   ,    , Fidelity Investments  ,  Intercontinental Exchange Inc., Coinbase Inc. Gemini TrustCo.

   , ,   ,  .          ⠖     .     ,     .         ,    .

 KPMG,        .    ,      KYC AML,    ,     .




 Chainalysis


   砫   (Chainalysis, 2020):

  ,   ,     .     ,   ,      .     ,     .

 ,   ,   ꠫ : ,  , ,         .            ,   ,  .         ,    .

    (     KYC )    -    ,   [85 - The2020 state ofcrypto crime. Everything you need toknow about darknet markets, exchange hacks, money laundering andmore // Chainalysis. 2020. January. P.15.].

2019.    :         2018.,  $4,30 92%    .     2019.   2,4  .    $1676 ( )[86 - Ibid. P.1720.].

      ,     .       .

Ѡ ,    (  ),    ,        ,       ,     (, ) .      $306.

57,6% ,  ,    ,      , ..      KYC ( ). ,             ,       .

       $2.    PlusToken   ,    ,       PLUS  .  ,       ,      .

PlusToken          $350.   ,       $3.  Chainalisys      180000 BTC, 6400000 ETH, 111000 USDT 53 OMG (omisego),    $2.    PlusToken     .

   ,  ,           ,    Huobi,  ,       .

   PlusToken     ,   ,  ,   .      WeChat,    ,         1030%. PlusToken     ,    ,  ,    ..       .          Bitcoin, Ethereum PLUS,      ,       .       ,   ,  .

  ⠖    . 13 2019.      ,     -. ʠ19      $1.  -    ,  ,    , ,   .

      Coincheck (2018.,   $534) MT.Gox (2014., $473).  2019.       $283   .

        .  2019.  54%    ꠫  $10 (        ).        ,       [87 - The2020 state ofcrypto crime. Everything you need toknow about darknet markets, exchange hacks, money laundering andmore // Chainalysis. 2020. January. P.4145.].     ,         .

      ,  . , ,   ,     2018.     ,     , 250 300,  2019.       60[88 - Ibid. P.5051.].

               ,          .             ,  ,     .   ,    ,      ,   .       (     )  .

,  ,       .         ,    ,      ,       KYC.

     ,  [89 - Ibid. P.81.]:

1.  ,  .

2.  ,              ,   ,   KYC.

3. privacy coins,    .

4.      P2P  .

    2021 Crypto Crime Report  .  ,  2020.   .   COVID-19,    ,        .

 2019.    2,1%    ,  $21,4.  2020.    $10,0䠖  0,34%  .      ,   2019 2020.     .

 ,        2017 2020.  2019.,      , 54%,    $2,6 .    $1,7.

-   7%  ,    (  $350 ).  311% ,  2019.       - (  ,         ),   [90 - Kochovski, A. Ransomware Statistics, Trends andFacts for2021 andBeyond // 2021. Sept 29. https://www.cloudwards.net/ransomware-statistics/ (https://www.cloudwards.net/ransomware-statistics/).]    2020. $20.

  Chainalysis, 2021.  ,   ,  79%,    $14.

       ,  堖 ,      -.     栖  DeFi    DeFi-.  2021.   DeFi  912%.  21%    [91 -  .    $14 2021 // . 2021. 06.].

 2020.      516% $3,2 72%    DeFi.    82% ($7,8).

2021-          $3,5   ,  .  , 93%   2021.   ,  [92 - Hollerith, D. IRS seized $3.5B incrypto-related fraud money this year asillicit activity multiplies // Yahoo Finance. 2021. Nov19.].

  CipherTrace :       2019.  $4,52 (+160%), 2020. $1,9.          0,6% 2018., 2,1% 2019., 0,6% 2020.[93 -  . : , , .   . , 2022.]




 


         . [94 - Grigg, G. 3Things Law Enforcement Agencies Need ToKnow About Cryptocurrency // 2021. Aug 13. https://blog.chainalysis.com/reports/law-enforcement-agencies-cryptocurrency (https://blog.chainalysis.com/reports/law-enforcement-agencies-cryptocurrency).],   2021.

       ,    ,      ,  ,    .             .

 ,  .        ,       ,           .

   ,   .          ,   .

        ,  .  ,      ,  ,    .           ,   .

      ,    ;      ,   KYC      .    ,      ,   .

   Crypto.com (https://crypto.com/)[95 - Crypto.com (https://crypto.com/). Measuring Global Crypto Users. AStudy toMeasure Market Size Using On-Chain Metrics // 2021. July.]     ,   2021.  106   頖   73- .   77%    ,   2020.,  16% ,   2020.      2020-  2021.  $1.   ⠫ [96 -      // . 2021. 16.].

 Chainalysis,       $8,9   2018.  $591  2021.

     ,  . ,       .




    


   ESET,   -, ,  10%      ,   . 젖  (6,8%), 젖  (5,3%).    ࠖ   [97 -  .       // Banki.ru (https://banki.ru/). 2021. 30.].

     ,  . ,  -      [98 -  . .       ,    // II  -       . . 2017. . .209.]:

1.    ,    ,     ?  ,        ,     ?      , , ,    ?

2.  ,  ,       ?

3.       ?

4.   ,   ,      ?

5.   ,   , ,       ?

6.   ,        ?

       [99 - . .210.]:

1.   ,   ,     ?

2.    ,     ?

3.       ?

4.        ?

5.      ,    -   ?

6.     ?

7.        ?

 ,    ,   - Clain,    .    ,     .        . ,  , ,  ,    .  ,     ,     ,          [100 -  .  :      //  . 2021. 30.].

  (, , , ,  ,  .)      ,       AML/KYC.  120            KYC[101 - .].  216  ,   Coinfirm, ,   26%    KYC AML,  69%    . Ƞ 14%     ,  [102 -  .   KYC AML. https://letknow.news/publications/zachem-kriptobirzham-kyc-i-aml-20784.html (https://letknow.news/publications/zachem-kriptobirzham-kyc-i-aml-20784.html).].




2.4

   :   ?


 ,       100000  []     .    .     .

 ,
    Kraken.  2021.




  :  [103 -  .  ,   ! // . 2021. 13.]


16 2020.    $20000 .

3 2021.      $5000  $34000.

9 2021.   Tesla    $1,5,   , $48000.

21 2021.   $58354.

23 2021.  $44845,72 (18,4%  ).

13 2021.  ,   $61701.

17 2021. Morgan Stanley     ,     - (   ,  2,5%     ).

24 2021.   Tesla    Twitter,   Tesla   .

13 2021.   : $63375.

18 2021.     ࠖ 25%, $55000.

12 2021.   ,        ,        13%.




  


         .   , 2019.      (,  , ) . Ѡ2020.        .       :            ,   ,    ,         [104 -  . : , , .   . , 2022.].

 [105 - Cong, L.W., Li, Y., Wang, N. Tokenomics: Dynamic adoption andvaluation // TheReview ofFinancial Studies. 2021; Liu, Y., Tsyvinski, A., Wu, X. Accounting forCryptocurrency Value // SSRN Papers. 2021. October.]   :     ,      , ,  .

    蠖    .    ,     ,      [106 -  . ..].

  [107 - Geuder, J., Kinateder, H., Wagner, N. F. Cryptocurrencies asfinancial bubbles: Thecase ofBitcoin // Finance Research Letters. 2019. Vol.31.]    20162018. ,       .

  [108 - Kyriazis, N., Papadamou, S., Corbet, S. Asystematic review ofthe bubble dynamics ofcryptocurrency prices // Research inInternational Business andFinance. 2020.] ,   2015.     .   [109 - Caferra, R., Tedeschi, G., Morone, A. Bitcoin: Bubble that bursts orGold that glitters? // Economics Letters. 2021. Vol.205.]  ,        ,  2000.

   Alfacoins . ,    .      . ,  (BTC),     $600,  2021.     $42000,        25% . Ƞ      2020.      ,      ,     ,   BTC,      .         [110 -  .    // . 2021. 4.].




  


     ,   - ,     .

  2021.   Shiba Inu     Coinbase ().       $1,3,    ,    92%.   21-    .

  2021.   90% - :  Pyth,      -,      90%   $5500.   Bloomberg.     ,     ,       Pyth   ""  ( $42000)[111 -   90% -  // . 2021. 22.].

       ,    .   2020.     [112 -  .  Poloniex  8500%  -   // . 2020. 14.]




  .


   .

   ,     (https://www.litres.ru/pages/biblio_book/?art=68927364)  .

      Visa, MasterCard, Maestro,    ,   ,     ,  PayPal, WebMoney, ., QIWI ,       .



notes









1


Dowd, K. New private monies. London: TheInstitute ofEconomic Affairs, 2014. P.44.




2


https://coinspot.io/technology/bitcoin/chislo-bitcoin-adresov-s-nenulevym-balansom-dostiglo-trehmesyachnogo-maksimuma/ (https://coinspot.io/technology/bitcoin/chislo-bitcoin-adresov-s-nenulevym-balansom-dostiglo-trehmesyachnogo-maksimuma/).




3


https://coinspot.io/technology/ethereum/kolichestvo-efirium-adresov-s-nenulevym-balansom-pobilo-novyj-rekord/ (http://coinspot.io/technology/ethereum/kolichestvo-efirium-adresov-s-nenulevym-balansom-pobilo-novyj-rekord/).




4


Niforos, M. Blockchain inDevelopment Part I: ANew Mechanism of 'Trust'? // EMCompass. 2017. Note 40. July.




5


Ibid.




6


Niforos, M. Beyond Fintech: Leveraging Blockchain forMore Sustainable andInclusive Supply Chains // EMCompass. 2017. Note 45. September.




7


  2022 // BCS Express. 2021. 28.




8


 ..,  . .         (DEFI) // - :   . . :  , 2020. .5162.




9


Dimech, A. Theimpact ofblockchain technology onSMEs. Agrounded theory approach // Master Thesis // Malta Institute ofArts, Sciences andTechnology // 2020. December.




10


 . -    // . 2021. 11.




11


Niforos, M. Blockchain inDevelopment Part II: How It Can Impact Emerging Markets // EMCompass. 2017. Note 41. July.




12


 . ..




13


Cagigas, D., Clifton, J., Diaz-Fuentes, D., Fernndez-Gutirrez, M. Blockchain forPublic Services: ASystematic Literature Review // IEEE Access. Vol.9. 2021. Jan18.




14


  2022 // BCS Express. 2021. 28.




15


.




16


 . .  -  //  . 2019. 5 (32).




17


Nakamoto S. Bitcoin: APeer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System. https://bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf (https://bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf).




18


Global Blockchain Markets 20212026: Analysis & Forecasts with Focus onOver 80 industries ResearchAndMarkets.com (https://www.researchandmarkets.com/) // 2021. July09. https://www.ResearchAndMarkets.com/r/uvgt5d (https://www.researchandmarkets.com/r/uvgt5d).




19


 .,  . -:     // 2021. 12. https://www.aton.ru/ideas/blokcheyn_industriya_osnovnye_trendy_i_klyuchevye_benefitsiary/ (https://www.aton.ru/ideas/blokcheyn_industriya_osnovnye_trendy_i_klyuchevye_benefitsiary/).




20


. 2.5.




21


.




22


.5.




23


.3.




24


Marr, B. TheSix Biggest Blockchain Trends Everyone Should Know About In2021 // 2021. Mar 12. https://bernardmarr.com/the-six-biggest-blockchain-trends-everyone-should-know-about-in-2021/ (https://bernardmarr.com/the-six-biggest-blockchain-trends-everyone-should-know-about-in-2021/).




25


. 6.4.




26


.6.




27


.3.




28


.4.




29


.2.




30


.7.




31


.2.




32


.8.




33


CB-Insights. TheBlockchain Report 2020. Financing, Themes, Coronavirus, & TheYear Ahead // https://www.readkong.com/page/the-blockchain-report-2020-financing-themes-2953720 (https://www.readkong.com/page/the-blockchain-report-2020-financing-themes-2953720).




34


Cohen, L. Blockchain 2021 // Chambers andPartners. 2021. June17. https://practiceguides.chambers.com/practice-guides/blockchain-2021 (https://practiceguides.chambers.com/practice-guides/blockchain-2021).




35


 .    2020 // . 2020. 20.




36


.




37


.




38


CB-Insights. TheBlockchain Report 2020. Financing, Themes, Coronavirus, & TheYear Ahead. https://www.readkong.com/page/the-blockchain-report-2020-financing-themes-2953720 (https://www.readkong.com/page/the-blockchain-report-2020-financing-themes-2953720).




39


 .    :    2021 // ForkLog. 2021. 02.




40


  CoinGecko Q12021 Cryptocurrency Report.




41


Blockchain Funding IsAt AnAll-Time High Here's What's Driving TheBoom // CB Insights. 2021. July8.




42


 . -    // . 2021. 23.




43


CoinGecko Q22021 Cryptocurrency Report.




44


7 -,     2021 // wfin.kz. 2021. 06.




45


 .  Cardano   Alonzo // . 2021. 17.




46


      :  . -    // . 2021. 11.




47


    CoinGecko Q32021 Cryptocurrency Report.




48


CoinGecko 2021 Year End Cryptocurrency Report.




49


TVL (Total Value Locked)    - . TVL    .




50


Cohen, L. Blockchain 2021 // Chambers andPartners. 2021. June17 // https://practiceguides.chambers.com/practice-guides/blockchain-2021 (https://practiceguides.chambers.com/practice-guides/blockchain-2021).




51


Ahmad, S. 5Top Blockchain Trends In2021 // Shifted. 2021. Sep2.




52


Monteiro, L. 5Top emerging Blockchain technology trends tofollow in2021 // IBS intelligence. 2021. July14.




53


Verifiable Credential & Self Sovereign Identity (Universal Identity).




54


Cryptocurrency Ecosystem Comparison // Chainalysis. 2021. July1.




55


 . : , , .   . , 2022.




56


.




57


https://finance.yahoo.com/cryptocurrencies (https://finance.yahoo.com/cryptocurrencies).




58


Cryptocurrency Ecosystem Comparison // Chainalysis. 2021. July.




59


 .  .      $3. 2 // vc.ru (https://vc.ru/). 2021. 12.




60


 . : , , .   . , 2022.




61


The2021 Global Crypto Adoption Index: Worldwide Adoption Jumps Over 880% With P2P Platforms Driving Cryptocurrency Usage InEmerging Markets // Chainalysis. 2021. October14.




62


Ganesan, A., Harika, B. V. S. Overview ofRisk Estimation Methods forCryptocurrency // United International Journal forResearch & Technology (UIJRT) // 2021. Vol.02. Issue08.




63


Segal, D. Going forBroke inCryptoland // TheNewYork Times. 2021. Aug05.




64


Bitcoin Gains ByCountry: Who Benefited TheMost From The2020 Boom? // Chainalysis Blog. 2021. June7.




65


Redfield & Wilton Strategies. Britcoin Poll Results. London, UK. 2021. Aug 1314.




66


Jackson, J. Cocktail ofdebt fuelling crypto-boom among theyoung // Interactive Investor. 2021. July07.




67


Lloyd, M. 11 per cent ofUK adults plan onbuying crypto over next year // Peer2Peer Finance News. 2021. July14.




68


Crypto Trading Strategies // Benzinga Crypto Trading Festival // https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ubpYvNAdZvs (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ubpYvNAdZvs).




69


     // . 2021. 02.




70


:     // Coinspot. 2021. 26.




71


Cryptocurrencies 2021 Survey: Save orSpend? // GamblersPick Blog. 2021. Aug11.




72


2021 Global Crypto User Index. // Binance Research. 2021/ January28.




73


Research Note: Cryptoasset consumer research 2021 // FCA. 2021. June17.




74


FCA warns that younger investors are taking onbig financial risks // FCA Press Release. 2021. Mar23.




75


    ,     //   . 2022. 17.




76


Abraham, J., Sutiksno, D.U., Kurniasih, N., Warokka, A. Acceptance andPenetration ofBitcoin: TheRole ofPsychological Distance andNational Culture // SAGE Open. 2019. July Sept P.114.




77


Cabuc, U.C., Silenzi, M. Cryptocurrencies inRetail: Consumer Adoption Report 2021 // CryptoRefills Labs. 2021. June.




78


Up toUS$400 Million Reward forReturn ofStolen 2016 Bitcoin // 2020. Aug 04 // https://www.bitfinex.com/posts/494 (https://www.bitfinex.com/posts/494).




79


Department ofJustice. Office ofPublic Affairs. Two Arrested forAlleged Conspiracy toLaunder $4.5 Billion inStolen Cryptocurrency // ForImmediate Release. 2022. Feb8.




80


 .        $4,5    Bitfinex // vc.ru (https://vc.ru/). 2022. 9.




81


Van Voris, B., Dolmetsch, C. Bail forCrypto Couple in$4.5 Billion Hack IsHalted byJudge // Bloomberg News. 2022. Feb9.




82


  :  : -50    (20112022). https://bytwork.com/articles/krazha-btc (https://bytwork.com/articles/krazha-btc).




83


    //  mail.ru (https://mail.ru/). 2021. 11.




84


Leising, M. Halting $9.8 Billion inTheft IsKey toCrypto Growth, KPMG Says // Bloomberg News. 2020. Mar2.




85


The2020 state ofcrypto crime. Everything you need toknow about darknet markets, exchange hacks, money laundering andmore // Chainalysis. 2020. January. P.15.




86


Ibid. P.1720.




87


The2020 state ofcrypto crime. Everything you need toknow about darknet markets, exchange hacks, money laundering andmore // Chainalysis. 2020. January. P.4145.




88


Ibid. P.5051.




89


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. .210.




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.




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