  The Beatles
 -


 
  1960?         - The Beatles.               .          :         ,             .     -     ( ,    ) ,         .          ,     The Beatles  1960?,   ,      ,    ,  .                 - ,    .  -   ,    , .





 -

  





 


               ,          .            Beatles,           -.    ,      ,         .      2016       ,       -        ,      . ,        ,   ,        ,   ,        ,    (, , )    ,  .

   -,     :        ,     .      ,         .  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,   ,               .        ,  ,   ,   ,    -       .       .

  ,     ,       .          ,     ,    .             ,     .     .          ,  ,    ,    .







       .   ,               ,    ,    , , ,     .           .      :       ,     .            ,      .

 ,           ,             .  ,              -,     ,       .  ,   ,   herstories[1 -     : herstory  history,         his  . . .]       [2 - Scott J. W. Womens History the Rewriting of History // The Impact of Feminist Research in the Academy / Ed. Ch. Farham. Bloomington: Indiana, 1987. P. 3452.].

 1960?,     ,       :    .             ,      [3 - LeGates M. In Their Time: A History of Feminism in Western Society. New York, 2001.],          ,      .          ?   -     ,     ?   ,      ,          XX , 1960?      , , ,    .    ,      ,    ,   ,     ,      .    ,    :        ,    ?[4 - Maitland S. I Believe in Yesterday  An Introduction // Very Heaven: Looking Back at the 1960s. London, 1988. P. 115.]

 ,     ,         1960?,  .      -           ,     . ,   ,            [5 - Rohr N. Yeah Yeah Yeah: The Screamscape of Beatlemania // The Journal of Popular Music Studies. 2017. Vol.29. 2. . 113.].   - ( -)      ,    .  ,      ,  ,     ,      ;       ,        [6 -            . .: Laing D. Six Boys, Six Beatles: The Formative Years, 19501962 // The Cambridge Companion to the Beatles / Ed. K. Womack. Cambridge, 2009. P. 732.].     -        ,     ,  -    .  ,    60?,    70?,   .         , XXI .  ,        .     ,   ,     -   ,    ,        1960?  1970?,     .

           ,     -        .     (2001 . .)   ,              Happiness Is a Warm Gun (1968).          [7 -   (Mersey Beat)   ,  -,      60-.   ,       .         .      The Beatles  .         . . .],    The Beatles City    ,      .

-      ,         ,    ,      [8 - Collins P. Billie Eilish and the Triumph of the Weird // Rolling Stone. 2019. July 31. ( : https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-features/billie-eilish-cover-story-triumph-weird-863603/.   : 05.03.2023); Potter E. The Women of Rubber Soul // Culture Sonar. 2018. July 24 ( : https://www. culturesonar.com/the-women-of-rubber-soul/.   : 05.03.2023.)].          ,   ,        .             ,         .       ,        .            ,        ,     , ,    ,     .

  ,               .  ,   ,         ,          .    ,         The Beatles and the Historians: An Analysis of Writings about the Fab Four (The Beatles  :     ) (2016),  ,     ,   ,     -   -,    .   ,         :                -,  -     .  ,    ,   ,      [9 - Weber E. T. The Beatles and the Historians: An Analysis of Writings and about the Fab Four. Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Company, 2016.].

   ,       1968 ,     .    ,  -   ,  ,   .         ,    -.

                 ,     70-.     -   - ,          .          ,  -     (   ,  , ) ,     [10 - Reddington H. The Lost Women of Rock Music. Female Musicians of the Punk Era. London, 2007.].         .       ,     ,       ,      .      ,         .                 ,      - c   ,    ,   ,   [11 - Ibid.]  ,      ,   -.

   ,  ,  .     ,         ,        ,     .   ,   1963      ,   ,             .  60?,       ,            EMI   Apple Corps.             .     ,       ,     -,       ,  .

  ,    .   80?                .      9-     She Loves You  :     .  , ,   ,            .

          :    2014 ,    -  ,     -    .             ,        .       1994 ,          ,              -.

         ,     ,        .    1971 ,        -,   60? ,        70-.      ,    -   Capitol Records.       ,         Eight Days a Week      Rain.      ,      .   ,     -?      ?  ,  -           ?    ,         , , , , -  .

    2002 ,        . -      Liverbirds.    -     -  ,  ,          ,              .          60?,       -,      .    ,    ,    Liverbirds    .

           ,       ,     ,  Liverbirds,        .

        ,       -,  -, ,                    [12 - Jenkins H., Scott S. Textual Poachers, Twenty Years Later: A Conversation between Henry Jenkins and Suzanne Scott // Textual Poachers: Television Fans and Participatory Culture, Updated Twentieth Anniversary Edition / Eds. H. Jenkins, S. Scott. P. viil. New York, 2013. P. viil.].      ,  ,      scholar-fan, -[13 - Frith S. The Cultural Study of Popular Music // Cultural Studies / Eds. L. Grossberg, C. Nelson, P. Treichler. New York, 1992. P. 174186.].         ,       .         ,    ,  ,   ,        ;           ,      -        .    -   ,     .        , -       , ,      .       ,  , -          ,  ,    -,       ,       [14 - Duffett M. Popular Music Fandom: Identities, Roles and Practices. New York, 2014. P. 2, 5.],  (   )      .  ,            -,    ,                  .      :   ,     ,        ,   ,        ?

          ,         .     ,  ,    [15 - Scott J. W. Womens History. P. 36.].        60-   70?           . -      ,        .   ,        ,         ,    .

 ,        ,   ,           .        ,      .         ,            哻[16 - Bock G. Womens History and Gender History: Aspects of an International Debate // Gender and History. 1989. Vol. 1. 1. P. 7.].

 ,      -  ,   ,  -      .   , -,   ,     ,   ,    .  1978  -    --           Rock and Sexuality (  ),      -,       .      ,      -  -. ,          ,                 -  [17 -   : Hawkins S. Introduction: Sensing Gender in Popular Music // The Routledge Research Companion to Music and Gender. Ed. S. Hawkins, New York, 2017. P. 217.]. ,     ,         ,       .   ,            -   [18 - Frith S., McRobbie A. Rock and Sexuality // On Record: Rock, Pop and the Written Word / Eds. S. Frith, A. Goodwin. New York, 1978. P. 371389; McRobbie A., Garber J. Girls and Subcultures: An Exploration // Resistance through Rituals: Youth Subcultures in Post-War Britain / Eds. S. Hall, T. Jefferson. 1976. P. 209222.].

      -  ,   ,         .        -  60?      -   60?,        [19 - Mills R. The Beatles and Fandom: Sex, Death and Progressive Nostalgia. London, 2019; Kapurch K. The Wretched Life of a Lonely Heart: Sgt. Peppers Girls, Fandom, the Wilson Sisters, and Chrissie Hynde // The Beatles, Sgt. Pepper and the Summer of Love / Eds. K. Womack, K. Cox. Lanham, 2017. P. 137160.]. ,       ,  ,                 /.

   -      ,   ,    ,        .       ,      .       :         ,      ,    2017                  ,    [20 - Wilson S. I Love the Beatles. But They and Their Fans Have a Woman Problem // Varsity. 2017. June 30. ( : https://www.varsity.co.uk/music/13291.   : 05.03.2023.)].

    -         ,     .   -     ,   /    ,       ,        -,          .          -      (),   ,      ()   .     ,        ,       .    / -                 -    .          ,          .

        ,          ,      .          ,                        .  ,  ,       [ ],    ,   ,        ,       ,      [21 - Wise S. Sexing Elvis // On Record: Rock, Pop, and the Written Word / Eds. S. Frith, A. Goodwin. London, 1990. P. 390398.].

     ,      -     ,    :  .  Shes a Rebel: The History of Women in Rock and Roll ( :    --) (1992),  Β She Bop: The Definitive History of Women in Rock, Pop and Soul ( :     -, -  -) (1996),      2002  She Bop II (  II),   Girls Rock!: Fifty Years of Women Making Music ( :  ,     )  ,     .  (2004).      -    ,         ,  .    ,        -          ,         ,   , -,    [22 - Kearney M. C. Gender and Rock. Oxford, 2017. P. 22.]. ,  ,  , -      ,     [23 - Gluck Sh., Patai D. ed. Womens Words: The Feminist Practice of Oral History. New York, 1991.].                 .

,          ? ,        ,    ,  ,     .             (1978, 2005),   (1983)    (2007),     (1988, 2007)    (2001),     60? ,          :  Apple Scruffs (Waiting for the Beatles: An Apple Scruffs Story) (1984)         .   1990?         .                  .   ,     ,  ,   60?     .        (19412015),      60?,      .        ,      -  . .        , .         Revolver (1966),  .              girl culture ( ).  ,  ,      .

    ,  , ,      .     ,      (1992),     ,          ,       .

              (19631966),                 ,       , Where the Girls Are: Growing Up Female with the Mass Media (1994) (,  :    Ȼ).           (2013)    (2017)           , ,    .         ,  .            : ,      ,    ,  -.

                .          1963    ,      -      .    I Want to Hold Your Hand,   ,   ,   .   ,   --,     ,       (  ),        .

      Beatleness: How the Beatles and Their Fans Remade Their World (2014) (:  the Beatles      )       60-.                    .      ,     , ,     ,       - ,       .   ,       ,  ,   2014            Why Are All Beatle Experts Male? (     ?).       Β She Said She Said: How Women Have Transformed from Fans to Authors in Beatles History (2016) ( ,  :         ),             . ,        Β,     ,         5  .

,    ,   2000  -,         ,      ,   ,    .      The Beatles and Fandom: Sex, Death and Progressive Nostalgia (2019) (The Beatles   : ,    ).      ,  ,      (19631969),      軠      .            ,     . ,        : -          ,         -  ,   .

        Meet the Beatles: A Cultural History of the Band That Shook Youth, Gender, and the World (2005) (, the Beatles:   ,  ,   )  .      ,         .   ,         60?,         .            .               : Tune In (2013) ()      The Beatles  All These Years (The Beatles  )          .

     Dreaming the Beatles: The Love Story of One Band and the Whole World (2017) (  :       )      ,          ,      ,      ,   .     ,         ,   ,     .                          .

               ,                .  ,   ,      ,      ,     , / ,     .      ,         (, , , )    ,  ,   ,  ,  .         ,     ,    .     ,   ,   ,      .       ,         .  , ,        ,      ,   The Beatles.

        ,      ,      ,         (  ).

      1945  1995 ,      ,   .         ,    ,      .      ,         ,    .      ,               .          ,               /     .     ,     ,      .        :   ,       , ,  ,   .            .  ,       ,             ,     . -   ?           ,  .

 ,  ,   ,  -   ,      ,     .   Sliding doors (1998) (   ,  )  ( ),         ( ),      :           .      ,    . , ,    ,  .   .           .        ,  ,   ,        ,  ,              .      :              ,       ,  ,    ,     ,      [24 - Abrams L. Oral History Theory. New York, 2010. P. 79.].   ,           1963 ,     ,               ,         .             .

                 ,       .            XX ,        [25 -             .].          . ,    ,    [], []         [26 - Womack K., Davis F. T. Introduction // Reading the Beatles: Cultural Studies, Literary Criticism and the Fab Four / Eds. K. Womack, F. T. Davis. Albany, 2006. P. 3.].         ,  ,   -,       ,      ,            XX ,     .

         ,           ,    ,         1963     The Feminine Mystique ( )     The Female Eunuch (-, /, 1970)                  . ,         ,  ,     ,        : ,   .               ,     ,        .

          .

    -    :               .   ,    绠    ,         ,   .    ,             ,        .     , ,        XX   XXI .  ,            .




 1

I Remember You[27 - I Remember You (  )  ,   1941 .       . . .]:    



        ,     .   .  1961    15 ,         .     -,          -,   ,      .              ,    ,      ,  ,     .    :       .        -,  -       ? .         [28 -  ,  ,  , 29  2016.],  .  ,  -,  ,     ,      ,      ,    .       -   ,            .

      -,    [29 - The Cavern Club ( .   )  -   ,  16  1957 .  60?     -,   292 . . .].         -, 10  19611963     300 .         ,      ,      .  , ,   -[30 - -    . . .]  -,      -.        ,         29  1959 ,   ,       .      ,          Quarrymen,   ,            [31 - Leigh S. The Cavern: Rise of the Beatles and the Merseybeat. 2008.].  -      :  -[32 -     ,      1940-.         . . .]             .        . ,   1960 ,       ,         ,       [33 -     ,   ,      .  Pollstar             . ,    ,   .],    1962?       .  -       -   .     1961     .          ,       .    ,    ,  19611963       .   1961       ,   1962?        .        ,       ,                 .              ,      .    ,           ,           .   ,   -   ,    :   ,   ,   -     [34 -  ,  .].     ,             ,  ,         .  ,   -   , ,        ,      -   .  ,   ,       - 3 1963      ,             [35 - Leigh S. The Cavern. . 113.].     ,    ,  -  ,         -. , 22  1962         -  ,    Some Other Guys.  ,       :   ,         ,  ,                .         -  -  ,      .          1  1963 .         ,     NEMS  .     ,           ,   ,     ,    , ,  ,     .            ,  ,  -   -   .          ,      ,         .                  ,   ,  -   .  ,  - , :         .     .        ,    ,      :        - Some Other Guy!   ?             ,       ,     .  ,       ,      ,         . -   ,    ,           ,    .        ,                  .           ,    - .       :     Liverbirds      -,   ,  ,   - ,     ,         .   1963               .   -  -      4,       ,      .

 ,   (19631966),  ,   ,   ,    ,       ,        .    ,  ,   -  -,    ,      ,    , ,  ,  ,       [36 - Bradby B. She Told Me What to Say: The Beatles and Girl-Group Discourse // Popular Music and Society. 2005. Vol. 28. 3. . 359390.].         ,   -             [37 - Warwick J. Girl Groups, Girl Culture: Popular Music and Identity in the 1960s. New York, 2013. P. 145.].   ,     ,    .      ,          .     ,     -   ,            ,    .   ,       ,    ,    ,       .          ,                , ,    ,         .              -哻.




Stand by Me[38 - Stand by Me ( )       Dont Play That Sound (1962). . .]: -


  2013         Tune In ()          31  1962 ,     ,      .            ,       .             ,              .       ,        ,   .   ,                       - ,           .            ,   -   ,   ,  ,   [39 - Beatle People: The Most Incredible Following the World Has Ever Known // The Beatles Book. 1980. October. P. iiivii.].       ,          ,       -.

         ,      ,    .  , , ,      .   ,    1962     Love Me Do    ,      .    ,  ,     ,      ,        .   ,              ,  ,     .           :    ,   ,         ,     .  ,    ,           ,    .

         ,               ,    , ,      .        ,        ,  , , ,      .     1962       (     ).     ,    []    ,   . ,          ,    ,    .     .          ,       .  -        ,           .  -  ,     ,       ,      ,                 .

     -     ,        .      -          -,    .        :   ,       ,      -,     ?  .        ,           ,     ,       ,    ,   ,          (  )   .  ,       -     ,     . ,            ,   ,   .

          .      -       ,   .          - Liverbirds (  -,   )   ,     ,      .    ,    - [ ],   [40 -     ,     , 22  2020.].    , ,    ,   ,          : Bsame Mucho!  Stand by Me!           .          -.  ,       -  ,           -  .      ,      .     ,   .     ,            .         Yesterday: Memories of a Beatles Fan (2015) (Yesterday:   )          .

   ,        -.  ,         :      !   ,   .      1963  Please Please Me,                 , Love Me Do,     . ,    ,   ,          . ,   ,  ,      :        ,   ,   . ,      ,       ,  ,     / ,        ,   -[41 -  ,  .].

       ,   ,    ,        .   ,    1962   -,   .  , ,  ,         ,     .       [42 - . : The Beatles: I Was There: More Than 400 First-Hand Accounts from People Who Knew, Met and Saw Them / Ed. Houghton R. Penryn, 2016. Kindle edition.].            -     :     ,   -    ,     .       ,   .  , ,       ,     1,         ,      . - ,      -,     ,      ,  ,    .   ,   ,           ,    , ,    ,     .            ,     [43 - .: Rita/Anonymous; Hunt M. Yesterday: Memories of a Beatles Fan. Self-published, 2015. Kindle edition.].

,      ,  ,   ,  ,   ,              . ,     -       ,       ,  ,   .        ,   Kingtwisters,     -.     , , , , ,   ,   . ,   ,  ,     ,      [44 -    , .: The Beatles: I Was There. P. 3839.].      (19442019),       ,       ,    ,      ,  ,     ,   . ,      ,  ,     : ,   , -         .          ,         ,        .

           .          -  1961 .    ,           ,        ,     .         -,  ,    .   -     ,         .     ,  :      .   ,     ,       .     ,       .         ,          .         -,      .

             ,         .           ,  , , , ,   ,     .  ,  ,   ,  ,      -   .     -     .      ,  :



      ,         []   ,    ,  , ,   ,   .   ,            .  .         [45 -  ,     , 18  2019.].


       ,     ,         -,   .  ,     ,    [46 -  .],  .

         :     .   - ,    ,              .     ,        , ,    ,    ,       . ,    ,       ,    .    ,    ,         .     ,    ,               -[47 -  .].

    ,          .     1963    Please Please Me      New Musical Express,       .   ,    [    ]   -, [] , [] ,      .        ,      ,  !   [].   [48 -  Please Please Me .: MacDonald I. Revolution in the Head: The Beatles Records and the Sixties, Chicago, 2007.].   (  ),        - 3 1963 ,          (  2016 ):    ,    , []             ,       .      [49 - .: Greenberg Carven Club.].

          ,     1963  1966 , -   ,         .               Beatles Monthly  1964  (   - ):    ,         ,      -,     .   ,      ,        ,           ,       ,      .   ,   1963             ,     [50 - . : What THEY Think of You The Beatles Book. 1964. May. . 6.].

          ,         ,     .   1963       -      瓻.     ,           -.           ,         :          .      ,  ,     ,   ,   .             ,     1964 .   - ,      ,    ,   ,        [51 - Letters from Beatle People // The Beatles Book. 1963. October. P. 1516.].

  ,       1964 ,      ,   ,      -    .    ,     ,      A Hard Days Night (  )         .         ,  ,        ,    , ,         -,   .  ,       ,     .    ,    ,  .  ,        -,        .   ,               ;     ,         ,    [52 - Letters from Beatle People // The Beatles Book. 1964. September. P. 18.].   ,           :       .




Your Mother Should Know[53 - Your Mother Should Know ( - !)  .    Magical Mystery Tour (   1967),        . . .]:  , ,  


       .            ,      :    ,             .      .               ,     ,           .      (1944 . .)   :  []   .    []    :  []       , ?                  ,          ( , )        .

 ,  ,     ,     ,      ,    ,    .          ,                   .      (     )   ,         ,       :    1956 ,     1958-.   I Lost My Little Girl       ,            (   )  -         Julia (1968)  Let It Be (1970). Julia        ,   ,   Let it Be,           .

         ,       - ,  ,           () ,     .           .           .   ,  .     .   ,     ,  .   ,  ,   .      [54 - . : The Beatles Anthology. San Francisco, 2000. P. 7.].         ,      ,            .

     ,   ,      ,      .            .               --.     Quarrymen,        .  ,        ,     .    ,       .           , ,  ,      ,     .     .     ,      ,      ,        ,    .    ,             1958      ,       .      ,    [55 - Ibid. P. 13.],   .

      ,       .   ,       Ramona  Wedding Bells Are Breaking Up That Old Gang of Mine[56 - Wedding Bells    30? ;      ,       .   ,      . . .].             .     ,       .        ,    .    ,        ,  .                  .   ,         , ,          .  ,         .               ,    ,  ,    , ,   ,  [] [57 - Ibid. P. 50.].

         .

       ,      -.        ,        .         ,      .     ,   ,      .       Till There Was You    1957  The Music Man ()    .        .        With the Beatles (1963),                  .

      ,    ,   1970?,    1987 .  - ,  , -,     .   ,        .    ,        .      ,    ,    ,    .             (   ,    -  -),     .    ,          .     ,     ,               ,      .            ,      1956        .   ,      ,       ;            .

 ,       ,  -.   ,     .     ,         .     ,     结 (The Beatles Anthology),   [],   ,    []  [58 - Ibid. P. 33.].        ,      ,          .  ,          ,   .            ,      .       -    ,    ,     .    ,  ,          ,       ,       ,  .    ,    .          ,      ,     .

               ,  -      .     1959  1962 ,       ,                  .      ,  ()  (19241988)            -, , ,    -      ,         -.       ,    Quarrymen    ,      .       ,         ,   ,          .     1960          ,          .  ,    ,     The Beatles (    )[59 - Best R., Best P., Best R. The Beatles: The True Beginnings. New York, 2003. P. 16, 22, 28.].

      ,        ,            .      1961    -             ,     .           ,       , .   1962      ,       .    ,               ,     .   ,       ,         .   ,           ,      .

    -  (       ,       ),  ,                      ,     . , ,       ,             .      ,  ,      .   ,   ,     ,    ,  ,     , , ,    [60 - Ibid. P. 8.].               ,       ,       ,  ,                . ,   -,    ,       ,       ;      (   ),    ,    .         --         -  -,   To Know Her Is to Love Her (  Him)  Teddy Bears  Anna          ,      .   ,      ,     ,      ,        .       ,         .

  ,             ,   ,    ,       ,   -          .         ,  ,           .   ,           .        ,        .     ,   ,    -, ,  ,   ,       ,     .

    XIX   XX ,     ,          ,        ,      ,     ,              , , ,   --,     .     ,      ?    ?    ,       . ,        ,       ,  ,      1962    -      ̸ (Mersey Beat), --, ,           ,   -   -.          ,       ,  ,   .  2016        Eight Days a Week ( ) ,           ,     :  , : ? !    -?  ,     1960?       컠    -,     ,    ,    , ,   ,      .         [61 - Austern L. Alluring the Auditorie of Effeminacie: Music and the Idea of the Feminine in Early Modern England // Music and Letters. 1993. Vol. 74. 3. . 343534.].




There She Goes[62 - There She Goes (  )     - The Las,    .        . . .]:    


      19601963        .       ,     .          ,           ,   ,      . ,     -  ,                [],      ,    [].   ,  ,          ,     .       [63 - Giuliano G., Devi V. Patricia Daniels, Interview, Liverpool, 1983 // In Glass Onion: The Beatles in Their Own Words. Cambridge, 1999. P. 258259.].  ,        - ,  ,     ,       ,    ,       .  ,             ,                  .       ,   -    [64 - Kearney M. Gender and Rock. P. 5758.].

    ,    ,       .   ,     1950-   1960?             ,    ,        ,        .  ,             ,         .  ,    19201930?       ,      ,     -   1960?   .       ,         ,    [65 - Osgerby B. Youth in Britain since 1945. Oxford, 1998. P. 56.].     ,  ,      ,  ,         ,  .           ,      -  .

                   .          .                     ,      . ,                .   ,                 ,   ,     .         ()[66 -     (), ,    1885             .         . . ,   .     . . .].  ,     1908 ,     ,       ,    ,    .          ,      1950? .   - ,       ,            ,  ,       .      ,      ,   ,      -  瓻.     ,  , ,     [67 - Caslin-Bell S. The Gateway to Adventure: Women, Urban Space and Moral Purity in Liverpool. PhD diss., University of Manchester, 2013. P. 235.].

     ,        ,           (   )       .   -  ,     [68 -      . ,   10   . . .], ,         :        ,          ,         ,     .      ,     ,       .        -  ,     [69 - Hunt M. Yesterday: Memories of a Beatles Fan. Self-published, 2015. Kindle edition.]. ,      .         -,      ,  ,      ,     .      ,   ,       -     [70 - . : Evans R. A Cavern Dweller Remembers the Cellar // Goldmine. 2007. November 9. P. 43.].   ,         ,      .           ,      -      .         .   ,     - , ,             ,    ,    .   ,   !      -  [] , . -,   ,     ,  .            ,   ,                [71 -   .  . Todd S., Young H. Baby-Boomers to Beanstalkers: Making the Modern Teenager in Post-War Britain // Cultural and Social History. 2012. Vol. 9. 3. . 451467.].

       ,    .  - -    , ,   - . ,  ,    ,       -   ,   , , ,    . ,      ,     .   ,  ?          -  .    -,     ,      ,    ,    ,    . - ,  -     ,           ,     .   ,   ,      .    :      !   ,      ,   ,   -      , ,          .   ,   ,           ,     [72 - Nolan M., Singleton R. Mini-Renaissance // Very Heaven: Looking Back at the 1960s. London, 1988. P. 1925; The Beatles: I Was There. . 25, 39.].

  ,   ,   ,    ,      , ,          .         :   , , ,  -, []     [73 - -        .  ( ,  )  173 .      (18981900)     .          ;         1919       .       ,       ,      1969 ,    .        .      -  27 , ,       ,   -. . .],      .   ,           :    .    -,     .      ,       . []  ,  .           :    ,      , ,   : ,  ?     , ,   . , , , ?    ,         .      ,    , ,     ,      .        ,    .            ,      ,   ,       [74 -  ,  ;   ,  .].

,       ,                ,   ,        .      ,     .        .     ,   .    ,      ,         ,      ,   [75 - Cohen S. Scenes // Key Terms in Popular Music and Culture / Ed. B. Horner, T. Swiss. Oxford, 1999. P. 239250.].                      ,          .

      ,   ,  ,  ,  ,     - Liverbirds,           ,       .  ()        -      .  1961      - .  ,       -   ,     ,            .   1962           .           -.       ,            . ,   ,                  .  1963 ,     ,   ,    .            .

              -.  ,         ,    ,    .        ,   -      -.  1963     -  ,      ,              .       ,       ,    .     -  -   ,        ,   .       : -  ,  -   .      ,      --   ,          4.     ,  -          .

 ()  (19432015)     -    .       ,  ,    .    ,        ,            .  .    , . []       []   .         ,         -.       , ,   [76 - Du Noyer P. LiverpoolWondrous Place: From The Cavern to The Capital of Culture. London, 2007;   .  ; The Beatles: I Was There. . 23.].

   ,   ,     .        ,     ,    ,     .     1963     .  ,    ,     ,     .   1964        :     ,                 [77 - Gibson Br. Cillas the Top Mersey Miss // Australian Womens Weekly. 1964. April 15. P. 7.].      ,                       .      :   ,      .        .       ,        ![78 - Black C. Step Inside. Harpenden, 2015. P. 18.]             .

             ,        ,   ,      ,   ,   --,        1966     Shotgun Express,      .           ,  .

  (  , 1946 . .),    Liverbirds,     -.  ,      ,    ,   ,        .       Liverbirds   ( , 1946 . .)  ,  ()          []. ,  -     . ,      ,       ,      -.        ,    , :        [79 -     ,     , 22  2020.].

       1962 .     : The Squaws ().          .    ,  ,  ,     ,    . -           (19452016),     .    ,            (19442009).  1963    Liverbirds     [80 - Liverbird,      ,  .     ,     ;       ,           Royal Liver Building.             . . .],         ,     -.          .         -. ,        :       .     ,      ,       .              ;     .  Liverbirds     ,      ,       .

   Liverbirds,        ,          Kinks  Rolling Stones,    ,     :   . ,    , Liverbirds  .  1964            -,     1962    .  1960?  Liverbirds             1968-  ,    ,      .     ,        .       :      ,      .           .  Liverbirds  ,                  .            ,     - ,        .   (, ,   )        (Girls Dont Play Guitars),            2019    .

 Liverbirds,      ,  ,     ,            1960? .   - -   ,             .




Ill Be on My Way[81 - Ill Be on My Way (  ,  !)  ,   .       .    26  1963   .    Dakotas   B-     Do You Want to Know a Secret,      .       ,       From Me to You.      4  1963     --   .]:    


                .  ,           .  ,     ,       .      ,      ,         .  ,   ,       , , ,       ,       ,          .

       23  1963              :   ,        , THE BEATLES    -.  ,         ,  - :    -  -?   --   ?      ,          , ,           . ,   -,       []-    ,           !.               ,            .             ,          .    .       , ,    ,   -     .           1993 ,     Granada TV,   ,   []               ,   [82 - Crowley T. Scouse: A Social and Cultural History. Liverpool, 2012. XV.],[83 - Cohen S. Decline, Renewal and the City in Popular Music Culture: Beyond the Beatles. Aldershot, 2007. P. 168.].

       .    ,        .  ,             .         ,   ,      ,  .     ,               ,         .   , [  ]:        ?    ,     蓻.      ,       .      ,  ,     , []       ,       [], ,      .       -, ,    ,   .        ,       1961 .             .  1965   ,        ,     :



    ,      .     ,     ,       .    ,    ,    .       ,     ,       .


        ,  ,   ,   ,   - ,   ,        .  ,             [84 -   .  ; Lewis K. The Beatles in 1961 // The Beatles Book. 1965. November. P. 9.].

     ,      ,        ,        .    1963 ,        .        .  ,   -,     ,         .    ,        .     ( ) ,     - , ,  ,   ,           , ,    .



     --,        .     : ,  ?   ,            .   ,   .    ,   ,     I Remember You[85 - ,     , 11  2019.].


 ,     ,          .          ,          .




Going Down to Liverpool[86 - Going Down to Liverpool (    )    ,      Katrina and the Waves,     -   - The Bangles.  . .]:     


        -,   ,        ,       ,            ,   [87 - Hunt M. Yesterday: Memories of a Beatles Fan. Self-published. 2015. Kindle edition.].   ,       ,        .    , ,   , []    .       .    , ,  , ,  , ,               ,     [88 - McKinney D. Magic Circles: The Beatles in Dream and History. Cambridge, 2003. . 12.].

,          ,    1963        .     ,   ,         ,          ,  ,   ,              .        ,       .      -  1990-   2000?    ,        ,      ,      瓻[89 - Cohen S. Decline. . 172.].

           ,     .     1963      ,  ,   ,   -, -  .                  ,     ,    .              :    - (Mersey Beat Spots: A Guide to Liverpools Beat Clubs).           ,       :  ,       .     ,   :      .    ,  ,      瓻[90 - Mersey Beat Spots: A Guide to Liverpools Beat Clubs / Ed. OLeary M. Liverpool, 1964.].

         .   (1948 . .)     ,     ,   -   [91 -  ,  ,  , 22  2016.].   ,      .     . ,   1964     [92 -      ,   90  (150 )  .]   ,    ,     [ ]  ,    ,        .        ,       ,   , ,           [93 - Jackson L. The Coffee Club Menace: Policing Youth, Leisure and Sexuality in Postwar Manchester // Cultural and Social History. 2008. Vol. 5. 3. . 289308.].       ,         1960? ,         ,         .       .   1960?    1980?       ,     .    -,       1966 ,   1972? -     ,       ,          -.  1973  -   ,   ,    ,   .     ,    ,   ,           .

   - -       .          1974   ,   -.     ,      ,        瓻 ?     [94 -     ( , -  )      (,   ).     , ,   ,       .     (  )   ,      ,   ,    ,      Imagine. . .].       ,  ,    ,     .  ,          ,   -,       ,      ,      .   ,  1977 ,    ,     ,     ,             .    (1949 . .),   ,  ,      :     ? ,    , []  ,       .       1986 ,    .   ,    []     瓻[95 -   , Skype- , 15  2019.]. ,      1980      ,   ,    ,   ,    ,         .

    1981     ,       -  ,  ,    ,        .     ! (Beatlemania!),     British TV,      .         .       ,    ,      Magical History Tour ( Magical Mystery Tour[96 - Magical Mystery Tour    ,   1967   The Beatles.   ,   1967 . . .]) ,       .  ,    ,  ,      ,  :       ![97 - Hogan A. The Beat Makers: Unsung Heroes of the Mersey Sound. Stroud, 2017; Rutter S. Beatlemania! 1982 Liverpool and LA YouTube Video.]

   (1960 . .)     (1961 . .)   ,          .         .  ,   1982   ,    -,     - ,   ,   .        ,  ,      :  ,     ,    !!!    ,   1984?     -     ,    . -         .    ,    -[98 - -  ,      562    -.       .  XX          ,       1967 ,      Penny Lane. . .].  ,    ,     ,   .  ,       ,  ?             -    ; ,  ,     [99 -  , Skype- , 21  2019;  ,  , 16  2019.].

       -  ,              .          -,      .      .  II ,          (  )       ,   .  ,               ,    .

 1993     (1953 . .)        .        ,    2000    .              5,  ,        ,     .       ,      ,       .        ,  -    . ,    ,  ,   .      ,  ,  .    - .     ,        瓻,     .    :           . , ,      ,   -,      :     .  , ,    ,  []   -     ( ), []    ,         .      ,      ,         [100 -   ,   10  2018.].

  (, 1983 . .)        .            .    ,   ,    .      ,          ,   ,   .    ,     -      .     -  ,       .  , ,  , ,           .  ,  ,       ,     []  ,    ,    .    ,        ,  , ,         .   (1961 . .),    ,      1989 .           -:      -   .     ,    ,      :    .   ,   ,     .     :    ,  -   .     ,       ,        -.   ,       ,         ,              .     [ ]: --,     ! []  -   .    .   [101 -  ,  , 4  2019.],[102 -  ,  , 18  2019.].

        . -     (, 1994 . .)  2009         ( ) -      .      .            , ,  ,   .     -   2009 ,  2014?     ,    .  ,       YouTube     ,     -       .       : -            - Farons Flamingos;       .  :     ,     ,    ,       ,  , ,     .   .         , , ,       ,        -.   ,   ,     ,  .  ,        ,     .  ,        1960? [103 -    ,  , 20  2019.].

         (/)     ,    ,  2017 . -               ,          -  -.       .    ,          ,    ,            -.        ,    -   [104 -  ,  , 7  2018.].    ,        - ,      .     :      []  .  []   -,     .       ,   ,     : []         .   ,          2018          .      ,      , ,      .   ,   ,         ,         ,  ,      .

  ,     ,    ,            ,         : ,    ,   .  .

   ,          ,      [105 -  .].

      , ,        ,     ,       ,   .     ,       ,    .    ,  ,           .   ,          ;     .          [106 - Bell M. The Ghosts of Place // Theory and Society. 1997. Vol. 26. 6. . 813836.].

        -,       ,      , ,       ( , ,   ,  )        ,         .      19601963 ,    ,   -  ,   ,      ,  ,      ,    ,    ,      .  1963         ,     ,  , ,   The Liverbirds,       ,      .       (1963 . .)      ,              .              ,  :



[  ]  ,        -?       - [  ],    ,  ,           .     ,     ,      , , ,       [107 -  ,  , 18  2018.].


  ,            ,        .      -廠 ,        ,         -          .   ,   , ,          .               ,  -  ,     ,     - ,         ,    .       ,        ,         .    1960      .




 2

With the Beatles[108 - With The Beatles (  )      ,   1963 .      With The Beatles       ,                    Dont Bother Me.      All My Loving. . .]:  



   (1952 . .),       ( )   1960?,    ,     -  .        (      Qantas Airways) ,       ,         .         ,          ,   .     ,             .    ,    ,    ,         .    -,               -8       [109 -  ,  , 22  2019.].

1963    ,    -,         ,      .     ,       ,     .   , ,   I Want to Hold Your Hand,      ,  .   ,       ,    . ,         ,         .     ,   ,        ,  ,               .      [110 -  .].

   1964      ,       .      ,                 :   .          Qantas,     . -                  ,    , ,          .     ,              ,       .

    1964          -     ,     .   ,         ,        ,    . ,     ,  , ,      ,     , []     .   ,    A Hard Days Night[111 - A Hard Days Night ( .   )    1964       ,      .    .    36    ,     .               ,       . . .].      ,               .           ,         , []   , [112 - Rohr N. Yeah Yeah Yeah: The Screamscape of Beatlemania // The Journal of Popular Music Studies. 2017. Vol. 29. 2. P. 6.].     ,       ,  1965 , A Hard Days Night -     .       ,      .           .  ,             .  -   ,    .

 , -,           ,   ,       ,           .

,       ,    ,     ,      .          1964 ,     ,       .    Google   Beatles fans      .       ,     [113 - Ewens H. Fangirls: Scenes from Modern Music Culture. London, 2019.].        1960?    .   ,        .    ,              ,       .  ,              .   ,       [114 -       1960?,  -  -                        . . .],   ,     .      (-       Beatlemaniacs. . .)          .     ,                 [115 - McKinney D. Magic Circles. P. 51.].

 -       ,         (    )  .  ,         ,                   .     ,           ,   1950?    1960?     .    1976 ,       ,        ,            [116 - McRobbie A., Garber J. Girls and Subcultures: An Exploration // Resistance through Rituals: Youth Subcultures in Post-War Britain / Eds. S. Hall., T. Jefferson. P. 209, 211.].          1960-.   ,      .   ,   ,    ,      ,  [117 - Firestone Sh. The Dialectic of Sex: The Case for Feminist Revolution. London, 1972. P. 35.].                   .

           ,        ,      .  ,   1963  1966 , ,  ,  ,        . ,    ,        ,   ,            [118 - Muncie J. The Beatles and the Spectacle of Youth // The Beatles, Popular Music and Society: A Thousand Voices / Ed. I. Inglis. P. 4452. London: Macmillan Press, 2000. P. 42.],             ,   . ,                 . ,  ,            ,    .      ,  ,    , ,   - ,          []   ,       [119 - White R., Wyn J. Youth and Society. Oxford, 2013. P. 179.].        ,        1960?    .

     2  ,          .          ,         .   -        ,    -,  ,       1970?   ,   .  ,                  -,            ,   .       1960?  2010?     ,        .




    (19631966)


  1963                . ,    ,     ,        .        (Why The Beatles Create All That Frenzy), ,      ,   -   .    ,          ,    ,   ,      .    ,    -    .        ,       1963 ,          .                13  1963?         哻.     ,            ()  ,   ,     . ,                She Loves You.    ,          ,    1963         .

     -   1963  ,       ,   ,  , ,   .    ,        ,      . ,        ,    ,   [120 - Bordua D. J. Delinquent Subcultures: Sociological Interpretations of Gang Delinquency // The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science. 1961. Vol. 338. 1. P. 119136; : Lewis F. Britons Succumb to Beatlemania // New York Times Magazine. 1963. December 1. P. 124, 126.].           ,      ,  ,   ,   [121 - Yeah! Yeah! Yeah! // Daily Mirror. 1963. November 5. P. 5.].  ,      ,        .  ,          1964 ,      ,         ,      [122 - Americans Decide the Beatles Are Harmless // The Times, February. 1964. 11. . 8.].

             .     :    ,        ,   - .  ,    ,  ,    .         ,    -         .        -,     ,    1964?          [123 -  ,  .].  ,       ,        :



       ,    ,   .   ,            ,    .   .   ,       ,     [124 -  .].


      .     ,    ,         .

      .     ,  ,         .  ,        1963 ,  ,            ,      哻,        [125 - Letters from Beatle People // The Beatles Book. 1963. September. P. 1516.].   1964      ,  ?   ,        ,      .   ,    ,       ,    .     [  ]   ,  [126 - Letters from Beatle People // The Beatles Book. 1964. January. P. 18.].       (, 1950 . .),   Love Me Do  1963 :    ,    ,  .      ,       [127 -  ,  , 18  2018.].

      ,       ,        .     ,    - 60?,            .      (      With The Beatles).        ,     ,   ,  ,   ,  ;   ,      ,  ,           .   ,          []  ,             [128 -   ,  , 16  2016.].     ( )     ,  ,           ,            . , ,       (1943 . .),  ,        ,   ,       Twist and Shout[129 -    Top Notes.       .    Shake It Up, Baby.   ,     The Isley Brothers, The Beatles  The Who.    1962 . . .]    [130 - Rowbotham Sh. Promise of a Dream: Remembering the Sixties. London, 2019. Kindle edition. P. 77.].

 1963    [ ]              .   (1949 . .) ,                       7     .       ,         1962  Love Me Do. ,      ,            .         .         .   ,  ,   ,    ,            . []     .            -   ,     .     ,       .  ,      ,        ,     ,    ,   ,         .       .   ,  ,      ,    ,           .     [] [ ] ,    .                 .         ,         -   [131 -  ,  , 18  2019.].

 ,       ( ),         ,    ,  .                 ,       .   (1953 . .) :



, ,   , ,        .     -, -    -,       []  [ ]   ?  ,        ,         -  .   -    ,  ,  ![132 -  ,  , 24  2019.]


  ,            .   [133 -  (. Mods  Modernism, Modism)   ,          .       .      (  ),  (, --, ,   .),  ( , Lambretta  Vespa). . .],   ,          ,      .

   1963            ,    ,         .      ,  ,   ;      .  ,    9  1964             ,          .     ,      ,    .         ,      ,  -  .             -  .     ,     ,           :     -- --    ,   ,          [134 - Gardner P. The Beatles Invade, Complete with Long Hair and Screaming Fans // New York Times. 1964. February 8. P. 25; Cameron G. Yeah-Yeah-Yeah! Beatlemania Becomes Part of U. S. History // Life. 1964. February 21. P. 3434B.].

  , ,      ,    ,    ,     .   ,       ,   .        ,            .  ,   :     ,   !  ![135 -   , .]                .          ,  ,    ,     .  ,           ,     .

  1963     . ,  ,    .   -   , ,     ,      ,       .

          (1949 . .)            . 14  1963       :     .    .   ,        ![136 - Gallo-Stenman P. Diary of a Beatlemaniac: A Fab Insiders Look at the Beatles Era. Malvern, 2018.]   1964          .             .   ,       (Teen)  1964 ,  :    /     [137 - Leaf E. My Fair and Frantic Hollywood // Teen. 1964. November. P. 29.].    ,               [] ,   .             ,           1966 :           , ,     [138 -   .].     ,  ,    ,                .  ,       .

          ,          :    -  .     [139 -      (Path News)  1910  1970         .  Path News  British Path      . . .]




  .


   .

   ,     (https://www.litres.ru/pages/biblio_book/?art=69553408)  .

      Visa, MasterCard, Maestro,    ,   ,     ,  PayPal, WebMoney, ., QIWI ,       .



notes



1


    : herstory  history,         his  . . .




2


Scott J. W. Womens History the Rewriting of History // The Impact of Feminist Research in the Academy / Ed. Ch. Farham. Bloomington: Indiana, 1987. P. 3452.




3


LeGates M. In Their Time: A History of Feminism in Western Society. New York, 2001.




4


Maitland S. I Believe in Yesterday  An Introduction // Very Heaven: Looking Back at the 1960s. London, 1988. P. 115.




5


Rohr N. Yeah Yeah Yeah: The Screamscape of Beatlemania // The Journal of Popular Music Studies. 2017. Vol.29. 2. . 113.




6


           . .: Laing D. Six Boys, Six Beatles: The Formative Years, 19501962 // The Cambridge Companion to the Beatles / Ed. K. Womack. Cambridge, 2009. P. 732.




7


  (Mersey Beat)   ,  -,      60-.   ,       .         .      The Beatles  .         . . .




8


Collins P. Billie Eilish and the Triumph of the Weird // Rolling Stone. 2019. July 31. ( : https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-features/billie-eilish-cover-story-triumph-weird-863603/.   : 05.03.2023); Potter E. The Women of Rubber Soul // Culture Sonar. 2018. July 24 ( : https://www. culturesonar.com/the-women-of-rubber-soul/.   : 05.03.2023.)




9


Weber E. T. The Beatles and the Historians: An Analysis of Writings and about the Fab Four. Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Company, 2016.




10


Reddington H. The Lost Women of Rock Music. Female Musicians of the Punk Era. London, 2007.




11


Ibid.




12


Jenkins H., Scott S. Textual Poachers, Twenty Years Later: A Conversation between Henry Jenkins and Suzanne Scott // Textual Poachers: Television Fans and Participatory Culture, Updated Twentieth Anniversary Edition / Eds. H. Jenkins, S. Scott. P. viil. New York, 2013. P. viil.




13


Frith S. The Cultural Study of Popular Music // Cultural Studies / Eds. L. Grossberg, C. Nelson, P. Treichler. New York, 1992. P. 174186.




14


Duffett M. Popular Music Fandom: Identities, Roles and Practices. New York, 2014. P. 2, 5.




15


Scott J. W. Womens History. P. 36.




16


Bock G. Womens History and Gender History: Aspects of an International Debate // Gender and History. 1989. Vol. 1. 1. P. 7.




17


  : Hawkins S. Introduction: Sensing Gender in Popular Music // The Routledge Research Companion to Music and Gender. Ed. S. Hawkins, New York, 2017. P. 217.




18


Frith S., McRobbie A. Rock and Sexuality // On Record: Rock, Pop and the Written Word / Eds. S. Frith, A. Goodwin. New York, 1978. P. 371389; McRobbie A., Garber J. Girls and Subcultures: An Exploration // Resistance through Rituals: Youth Subcultures in Post-War Britain / Eds. S. Hall, T. Jefferson. 1976. P. 209222.




19


Mills R. The Beatles and Fandom: Sex, Death and Progressive Nostalgia. London, 2019; Kapurch K. The Wretched Life of a Lonely Heart: Sgt. Peppers Girls, Fandom, the Wilson Sisters, and Chrissie Hynde // The Beatles, Sgt. Pepper and the Summer of Love / Eds. K. Womack, K. Cox. Lanham, 2017. P. 137160.




20


Wilson S. I Love the Beatles. But They and Their Fans Have a Woman Problem // Varsity. 2017. June 30. ( : https://www.varsity.co.uk/music/13291.   : 05.03.2023.)




21


Wise S. Sexing Elvis // On Record: Rock, Pop, and the Written Word / Eds. S. Frith, A. Goodwin. London, 1990. P. 390398.




22


Kearney M. C. Gender and Rock. Oxford, 2017. P. 22.




23


Gluck Sh., Patai D. ed. Womens Words: The Feminist Practice of Oral History. New York, 1991.




24


Abrams L. Oral History Theory. New York, 2010. P. 79.




25


            .




26


Womack K., Davis F. T. Introduction // Reading the Beatles: Cultural Studies, Literary Criticism and the Fab Four / Eds. K. Womack, F. T. Davis. Albany, 2006. P. 3.




27


I Remember You (  )  ,   1941 .       . . .




28


 ,  ,  , 29  2016.




29


The Cavern Club ( .   )  -   ,  16  1957 .  60?     -,   292 . . .




30


-    . . .




31


Leigh S. The Cavern: Rise of the Beatles and the Merseybeat. 2008.




32


    ,      1940-.         . . .




33


    ,   ,      .  Pollstar             . ,    ,   .




34


 ,  .




35


Leigh S. The Cavern. . 113.




36


Bradby B. She Told Me What to Say: The Beatles and Girl-Group Discourse // Popular Music and Society. 2005. Vol. 28. 3. . 359390.




37


Warwick J. Girl Groups, Girl Culture: Popular Music and Identity in the 1960s. New York, 2013. P. 145.




38


Stand by Me ( )       Dont Play That Sound (1962). . .




39


Beatle People: The Most Incredible Following the World Has Ever Known // The Beatles Book. 1980. October. P. iiivii.




40


    ,     , 22  2020.




41


 ,  .




42


. : The Beatles: I Was There: More Than 400 First-Hand Accounts from People Who Knew, Met and Saw Them / Ed. Houghton R. Penryn, 2016. Kindle edition.




43


.: Rita/Anonymous; Hunt M. Yesterday: Memories of a Beatles Fan. Self-published, 2015. Kindle edition.




44


   , .: The Beatles: I Was There. P. 3839.




45


 ,     , 18  2019.




46


 .




47


 .




48


 Please Please Me .: MacDonald I. Revolution in the Head: The Beatles Records and the Sixties, Chicago, 2007.




49


.: Greenberg Carven Club.




50


. : What THEY Think of You The Beatles Book. 1964. May. . 6.




51


Letters from Beatle People // The Beatles Book. 1963. October. P. 1516.




52


Letters from Beatle People // The Beatles Book. 1964. September. P. 18.




53


Your Mother Should Know ( - !)  .    Magical Mystery Tour (   1967),        . . .




54


. : The Beatles Anthology. San Francisco, 2000. P. 7.




55


Ibid. P. 13.




56


Wedding Bells    30? ;      ,       .   ,      . . .




57


Ibid. P. 50.




58


Ibid. P. 33.




59


Best R., Best P., Best R. The Beatles: The True Beginnings. New York, 2003. P. 16, 22, 28.




60


Ibid. P. 8.




61


Austern L. Alluring the Auditorie of Effeminacie: Music and the Idea of the Feminine in Early Modern England // Music and Letters. 1993. Vol. 74. 3. . 343534.




62


There She Goes (  )     - The Las,    .        . . .




63


Giuliano G., Devi V. Patricia Daniels, Interview, Liverpool, 1983 // In Glass Onion: The Beatles in Their Own Words. Cambridge, 1999. P. 258259.




64


Kearney M. Gender and Rock. P. 5758.




65


Osgerby B. Youth in Britain since 1945. Oxford, 1998. P. 56.




66


    (), ,    1885             .         . . ,   .     . . .




67


Caslin-Bell S. The Gateway to Adventure: Women, Urban Space and Moral Purity in Liverpool. PhD diss., University of Manchester, 2013. P. 235.




68


     . ,   10   . . .




69


Hunt M. Yesterday: Memories of a Beatles Fan. Self-published, 2015. Kindle edition.




70


. : Evans R. A Cavern Dweller Remembers the Cellar // Goldmine. 2007. November 9. P. 43.




71


  .  . Todd S., Young H. Baby-Boomers to Beanstalkers: Making the Modern Teenager in Post-War Britain // Cultural and Social History. 2012. Vol. 9. 3. . 451467.




72


Nolan M., Singleton R. Mini-Renaissance // Very Heaven: Looking Back at the 1960s. London, 1988. P. 1925; The Beatles: I Was There. . 25, 39.




73


-        .  ( ,  )  173 .      (18981900)     .          ;         1919       .       ,       ,      1969 ,    .        .      -  27 , ,       ,   -. . .




74


 ,  ;   ,  .




75


Cohen S. Scenes // Key Terms in Popular Music and Culture / Ed. B. Horner, T. Swiss. Oxford, 1999. P. 239250.




76


Du Noyer P. LiverpoolWondrous Place: From The Cavern to The Capital of Culture. London, 2007;   .  ; The Beatles: I Was There. . 23.




77


Gibson Br. Cillas the Top Mersey Miss // Australian Womens Weekly. 1964. April 15. P. 7.




78


Black C. Step Inside. Harpenden, 2015. P. 18.




79


    ,     , 22  2020.




80


Liverbird,      ,  .     ,     ;       ,           Royal Liver Building.             . . .




81


Ill Be on My Way (  ,  !)  ,   .       .    26  1963   .    Dakotas   B-     Do You Want to Know a Secret,      .       ,       From Me to You.      4  1963     --   .




82


Crowley T. Scouse: A Social and Cultural History. Liverpool, 2012. XV.




83


Cohen S. Decline, Renewal and the City in Popular Music Culture: Beyond the Beatles. Aldershot, 2007. P. 168.




84


  .  ; Lewis K. The Beatles in 1961 // The Beatles Book. 1965. November. P. 9.




85


,     , 11  2019.




86


Going Down to Liverpool (    )    ,      Katrina and the Waves,     -   - The Bangles.  . .




87


Hunt M. Yesterday: Memories of a Beatles Fan. Self-published. 2015. Kindle edition.




88


McKinney D. Magic Circles: The Beatles in Dream and History. Cambridge, 2003. . 12.




89


Cohen S. Decline. . 172.




90


Mersey Beat Spots: A Guide to Liverpools Beat Clubs / Ed. OLeary M. Liverpool, 1964.




91


 ,  ,  , 22  2016.




92


     ,   90  (150 )  .




93


Jackson L. The Coffee Club Menace: Policing Youth, Leisure and Sexuality in Postwar Manchester // Cultural and Social History. 2008. Vol. 5. 3. . 289308.




94


    ( , -  )      (,   ).     , ,   ,       .     (  )   ,      ,   ,    ,      Imagine. . .




95


  , Skype- , 15  2019.




96


Magical Mystery Tour    ,   1967   The Beatles.   ,   1967 . . .




97


Hogan A. The Beat Makers: Unsung Heroes of the Mersey Sound. Stroud, 2017; Rutter S. Beatlemania! 1982 Liverpool and LA YouTube Video.




98


-  ,      562    -.       .  XX          ,       1967 ,      Penny Lane. . .




99


 , Skype- , 21  2019;  ,  , 16  2019.




100


  ,   10  2018.




101


 ,  , 4  2019.




102


 ,  , 18  2019.




103


   ,  , 20  2019.




104


 ,  , 7  2018.




105


 .




106


Bell M. The Ghosts of Place // Theory and Society. 1997. Vol. 26. 6. . 813836.




107


 ,  , 18  2018.




108


With The Beatles (  )      ,   1963 .      With The Beatles       ,                    Dont Bother Me.      All My Loving. . .




109


 ,  , 22  2019.




110


 .




111


A Hard Days Night ( .   )    1964       ,      .    .    36    ,     .               ,       . . .




112


Rohr N. Yeah Yeah Yeah: The Screamscape of Beatlemania // The Journal of Popular Music Studies. 2017. Vol. 29. 2. P. 6.




113


Ewens H. Fangirls: Scenes from Modern Music Culture. London, 2019.




114


      1960?,  -  -                        . . .




115


McKinney D. Magic Circles. P. 51.




116


McRobbie A., Garber J. Girls and Subcultures: An Exploration // Resistance through Rituals: Youth Subcultures in Post-War Britain / Eds. S. Hall., T. Jefferson. P. 209, 211.




117


Firestone Sh. The Dialectic of Sex: The Case for Feminist Revolution. London, 1972. P. 35.




118


Muncie J. The Beatles and the Spectacle of Youth // The Beatles, Popular Music and Society: A Thousand Voices / Ed. I. Inglis. P. 4452. London: Macmillan Press, 2000. P. 42.




119


White R., Wyn J. Youth and Society. Oxford, 2013. P. 179.




120


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