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        ,     ,  .        .     ,       , ,  , .  ,         34. ,       ,      (, 1992;   ., 2005).           .       ,     . ,         ,     ,      (, 1993).

              . ,    ,    -  , ,     .         ,    .       (  ., 2002).   , , ,     ,    , , ,    .  ,       ,               (  ., 2007).     ,               .

       ,      ,          ,    .

            .   44   215  ,       ,                 .    ,       ,  ,     .         ,     .                 ,   .            Ganoderma lucidum,          (  )  .      ,         ,   ,        .                   .




 1     - 





1.1      


  ,    ,    ,    ,         ,      .    ,          ,  ,   -  ,    ..    ,      .         (III   ..).               (Stamets, 1993; Chang, Miles, 2004; Wasser et al., 2002).         ,     .

,           (18311888),    ,     .      ,   , ,  ,       .      .  ,   ,    ,      .  (18391925),            . .      ,    ,     .      ,       (, 1976).        ..              ,       ,        (, , 1975).        ,             .      ,    ,   .     ,  ,      .           , ,  ,              ,         (, 1953).

      ,      ,     ,     80-  XIX .

XX         .      ,  ,     ,  ,   .  , ,    :   50-                     .             .. ,          , ,       (, 1988).     ,           ,        (, 1969).         ,    (Malek, Fencl, 1966).

              , ,    .             ,    ,       .            ,       .         - ,     (Eddy, 1958).

                ,     .              ,   ,    .. (   1983; Dijkstra, 1976).              , ,  ,   .   .. ,     ,       (),   50-70-    ,    (, 1988).                      .  ,      , ,           .  ,        (Nobles, 1948, 1965).

         -  .          .  (Semerdgieva, 1965; , 1977, 1984).   ,   -      ,     ,             .  (Stalpers, 1978).  .       .                  .

,             .. , .. , .. , .. .                (  ., 1983;   1983;   ., 1986; , 1988;   ., 1992;   ., 2001, 2010).        ..       ( ), ,        ,     .    ..      , ,  ,            (  , 1973, 1982).  ,  ,    ,                  .               .

          XX          .         ,        ,           .  ,       .         ,  ,  . ,             , :     ,      .    ,    " " (  ,    ),               (1983).

        :    ,    ( ,  ),    ,    -    .           -   ,    .

  ,   ,  ,     ,     ,       ,    ,       .               ,   ,   ,   ,   ..           (, 1996).               .

         . .     ,   1991 .                    (, 1990;   ., 2008).

       ,    in vitro       ,       .     ,          .         ,  ,     (  ., 1999;   ., 1994, 1996, 1998, 2000;   ., 1994, 1998;   ., 2003;   ., 2003;  ., 2007;   ., 2007; , 2010; Wasser, Weis, 1999; Smith et al., 2002; Wasser, 2002; Roberts, 2006).  ,   ,             (  ., 2005;   ., 2009; , 2009).  ,      ,   - . ,       (, )          ,     (  ., 2005;   ., 2006; , , 2007;   ., 2008)).       ,             .

 ,         ,        .

   ,    ,   ,      ,    .      :       ,    ,     ,   ,        ,        (, , 2002).      , ,      .        . ,               ( ,   ..). XX           ,          .               1981 ,  .  (),   20  24   IV     .         (WFCC),    ()   ,     . ,  250   42       , ,   ;  ;      ;     .      ..   ..  (, , 1983).               :   1963     ()   , . ;   1964-1965     (CCF)    . ;    ,  ,    1948   .   ;      (CBS)  . , ;    (CMI), . , ,   1947 ;      . , ; ,        ,   1937 .       .

 ,      ,       ,       ,         ,     :     (World Data Center of microorganism, WDCM).         568    68   WDCM .   ,  1534400  ,   ,     (684202 ),      (488860 ).      25186     (http://wdcm.nig.ac.jp/CCINFO.xml31).    ,    ,       .   ,   WDCM,   (    ): IIB-INTECH, Collection of Fungal cultures (); RCDM, Republican Centre for Deposition of Microorganisms of the National Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Education and Science of Armenia (); ACH, Mycology Culture Collection (); ACBR, Austrian Center of Biological Resources and Applied Mycology (); CCB, Colecao de Culturas de Basidiomicetos (); CCFC, Canadian Collection of Fungal Cultures (); CCBAS, Culture Collection of Basidiomycetes (); IBT, IBT Culture Collection of Fungi (); TFC, Tartu Fungal Culture Collection (); LCP, Fungal Strain Collection, Laboratory of Cryptogamy (); FSU PRZ, Pilz-Referenz-Zentrum (Fungal Reference Centre) Jena (); PPIHAS, Mycology Collection (); NFCCI, National Fungal Culture Collection of India  VPCI, Fungal Culture Collection (); IRAN, Iranian Fungal Culture Collection (); TAUFCC, Fungal Culture Collection (); TIMM, Institute of Medical Mycology  TSY Laboratory of Mycology, Division of Microbiology (); CCARM, Culture Collection of Antimirobial Resistant Microorganisms  CCWM, Culture Collection of Wild Mushroom (); BMFM-UNAM, Culture Collection of Fungal Pathogens Strains from the Basic Mycology Laboratory of the Department of Microbiology and Parasitology Faculty of Medicine (); CBS, Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures, Fungal and Yeast Collection (); FCBP, First fungal culture bank of Pakistan  NFCCP, National Fungal Culture Collection f Pakistan (); PPRI, National Collection of Fungi: Culture Collection (); FCUG, Fungal Cultures University of Goteborg (); NCWRF, National Collection of Wood Rotting Fungi (); FGSC Fungal Genetics Stock Center ().

         ECCO (   ),         (International Depositari Authorities, IDA).               (VKM) (, 1996).       , ,    ,    :     , -   , , ,      (.1).    ( )             (     ) (  ., 2002).           ,    .       14  , 10      .              8000 ,       .   ,    ,    1700 ,   489 .






 1      ,     ,   : , -, , , , , -, , , -, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,  , , , , ,  (   http: //www.sevin.ru/collections/microcoll/ reg.28.html).



        3000     ,       500 .           ,  ,   ,           .     (  , , )        ,              .

   ,      ,             . ..   ( , LE BIN),   1955 .    ,   1992 ,  470   ,  126   300  ( 1992).      , ,   , ,    ,    ,    .       ,  ,  .     ( 2007)     1463  ,   530 , 200 , 55   24  , , ,    .       ,   9       (2001).  ,   LE BIN         .           , ,   (  , 1994, 2010).        .

          ,  ,    1970-     . ..   ;             .               .   2001.    750 ,    200  98 .                 ,      .          ,      100 . ,   : Pleurotus, Agaricus, Lentinus, Oudemansiella, Flammulina, Hericium, Piptoporus, Omphalotus, Schizophyllum, Ganoderma, Laetiporus, Lycoperdon, Coprinus, Macrolepiota  .       ( ii2001).

             . ..     Agaricus,         (  ., 2007).

           .                ,           .             (WFCC)  ,    :          (http://www.sevin.ru/collections/microcoll/reg. 28.html).    ,      ,                     ,   ..                  ,     ,         .            ,     ,   FungalDCFungal Diversity in Culture Collection (    ).      24563-   16843  ,   10-    (http://www.indexfungorum.org/ Names/Fundic.asp).   ,       (www.vkm.ru\fungal DC. htm)  ,      ,    260  ,             ,      (  ., 2010).

         LE (BIN)   . .. , :         ,    .            -   .       , ,    ,                        (Psurtseva et al., 2007).             .             . ,    , ,       ,       ( )      ,         (  ., 2007).                :     (ed. Kirsop, 1994),      (WFCC), (.  , 1996)     :      (ed. M.L. Suchko, 1995),      (ECCO), (.  , 1996).  ,           ,           .   ,      ,            .     ,     ,     (, , 2009).          ,       .  ,   ,           ,           (   ),      .               ,     ,     .




1.2        


 ,          ,   ,  ,      .           ,     ,        .       , ,     .  ,  ,       ,    ,    ,     .      ,               ,    , ,      ,      .            ;      ,    ,     ,         .

,        , ,   , ,   (, , 1997; , 1988).

            .    ,    ,     ,       , ,   .

 ,        -      ,      ,     . ,     ,   ,          ,        ,      .

    ,       ,       ,   , -,  ,            ,  ,      .     ,    ,  ,  ,     .        (   )        :          .  ,          (, 1988).           .         ,       .  ,          ,     , ,            .      ,       . ,           .  ,      ,        ,    ,      ,                  (, , 2003).




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