 .    
  


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      ,  ,        ,    ,       ,           .

,   ,     ,    ,  , , , ,  .         ,                .

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        , ,       .   ⠖ ,      ,  , , ,  ,                .

     ,  ,     ,     ,        ,       .

 ,       ,  ,       ,     20- ,  ,    .[1 - E. Kasemann, TheBeginning ofChristian Theology, in: E. Kasemann, New Testament Questions ofToday (ed. W.J. Montague; Philadelphia: Fortress, 1969)102.]

    ,   ,   , ,  ,  ,             .

             軠   ,        .        ,     ⠖ ,  , ,     , ,   ,    .

               ,          .             .  ,            .  ,     ,    .         ,        ,    .

    ,                  .




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    [2 -     ..  : L.W. Hurtado, One God, One Lord, Early Christian Devotion andAncient Jewish Monotheism (2nd ed.; T&T Clark, London, 1998) 1739.]



        ,  ,  ,         .

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           : (1)    (   ); (2)    (, ,  );  (3)   ( ,   []    11QMelch).            ,     ,         ,                  .

,       ,    ,  , ,   (),   ,    ,     ,    ,      : (1)       ,      ,  ,    ,       ,    . (2)  ,       , ,        ,   ,  ,     .  ,           ,    ,            .




 


   ,        ,      :

1.     ,    ,     ,      .     , , ,      , -     ,         .   ,  ,  ,       ,       ,     .

          ,              . ?    ,        ,      .                   ,      - .

2.     ,     ,    ,        .    ,      , ,        (.24).     ,  ,     ,   ,     .  ,          ,   ,     ,     .

        ,          ,    ,                 .        ,               ,      ,    .[3 -  .. (G. F. Moore/Christian Writers onJudaism, HTR 14 [1921] 22754),       , ,   ,    ,       ,       .]

3.      ,                    .  ,  ,   ,          ,     , ,          .  ,   ,            ,    ,    ,            ,  .

    , ,            ,             ,  .. ..,    ,[4 - A. F. Segal, Two Powers inHeaven: Early Rabbinic Reports about Christianity andGnosticism (Leiden: Brill, 1977) 24459; J. Fossum, TheName ofGod andtheAngel oftheLord: Samaritan andJewish Concepts ofIntermediation andtheOrigin ofGnosticism (WUNT, 36; Tubingen: Mohr-Siebeck, 1985).]          ,       .      ,          ,       .      ,   2- . ..   , -,        ,        ,       .[5 - Segal, Two Powers inHeaven.]     - , ,      ,        ,   , , ,      -       .

          , ,  ,         ,       ,     .  , ,      ,       . ʠ,            ,           .         ,  ꠫   (7:22), ,      ,     (8:1) ꠫    (8:4; . 9:9, 11).            (kybernetes kai oikonomos,     4.110111).[6 - .    2- ,     ,           . ߠ      ꠫  .   ,         ,  , -      , ,       , , -,     .]

           , , ,           . ʠ,      ,             (46:18; 48:4-10; 51:35; 52:49; 61:89; 62:7-16).    11QMelch  ,  ,     .[7 - . P. J. Kobelski, Melchizedek andMelchiresa (CBQMS, 10; Washington, D.C.: Catholic Biblical Association, 1981).]             ,         .[8 -    1011,         ,   , -     .]

              ,    ,              .         (archistrategos, 1:4; 2:1),    ,     5:1315,           .   , ,   ,     ( . 23:2021), , ,          (10:114).[9 -      . . 11:13,   , ,     ,   ,   ,  ,    1:2628. .   -   , ANET, 662,      .]  ,     ,       ; ,      (koinonos),  ,     (theos)    ( . 7:1; ., , Π  1.15558), ,     ,  ,      (tesheauton physeos; , Π  28).[10 - ,  ,   ,     .. [W. A. Meeks, TheProphet-King: Moses Traditions andtheJohannine Christology (NovTSup, 14; Leiden: Brill, 1967) 21657],    .            (4- . .. ). . M. F. Collins, TheHidden Vessels inSamaritan Traditions, JSJ 3 (1972) 97116.  ,   ,   ,  ,  ,     .]



      ,               ,         . ,   ,     ,   ,         ,   .

                  .         ,       (1 . 8:6; . 1:13)  (1 . 1:30; 15:2028; . 3:2326; 4:2425; 1. 1:10), ,     , ,            (. 2:911),  ,         (2 . 5:10).

        .    1:114     (.2),    (.2, 10),       (.3), ,    (.3)     (.13; . 2:5).

         ,              ,    ,     - .  ,       ,      ,    ,      .







1.           ,          ,       ,      .[11 - ߠ   ,         .  ,         ,         .]

2.    ,     ,       ,        ,       .[12 - . D. M. Hay, Glory attheRight Hand: Psalm 110 inEarly Christianity (Nashville: Abingdon Press, 1973).]

3.       , -,      ,      ,   ,   ,          .  ,      ,          , , ,           ,       .        ,     ,         ,            (, ,  .)     ( ).




 

    [13 -     ..  : L.W. Hurtado, One God, One Lord, Early Christian Devotion andAncient Jewish Monotheism (2nd ed.; T&T Clark, London, 1998) 4150.]



    ,   ,  ,    .  ,    ,   ,     ,       .[14 - . U. Wilckens, Weisheit undTorheit (BHT, 26; Tdbingen: Mohr-Siebeck, 1959); H. Hegermann, DieVorstellung vomSchopfungsmittler imhellenistischen Judentum undUrchristentum (TU,82; Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, 1961); H.-F. Weiss, Untersuchungen zurKosmologie deshellenistischen undpalastinischenjudentums (TU,97; Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, 1966); B. L. Mack, Logos undSophia. Untersuchungen zurWeisheitstheologie imhellenistischen Judentum (Gottingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1973); R. G. Hamerton-Kelly, Pre-Existence, Wisdom andtheSon ofMan (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1973); B. A. Pearson, Hellenistic-Jewish Wisdom Speculation andPaul, inAspects ofWisdom inJudaism andEarly Christianity (ed. R. L. Wilken; Notre Dame: Univ. ofNotre Dame Press, 1975) 4366.]           ,  ,           .[15 - ., , J. Dunn, Christology intheMaking (2d ed.; London: SCM Press, 1989) 163250.]

 ,   ,   (,  . 1:1520)     (1:14)  ,      ,       (. . 1:14);[16 -    ,    . Pearson, Hellenistic-Jewish Wisdom Speculation andPaul.         . E. J. Epp, Wisdom, Torah, Word: TheJohannine Prologue andthePurpose oftheFourth Gospel, in: Current Issues inBiblical andPatristic Interpretation: Studies inHonor ofM. C. Tenney (ed. G. F. Hawthorne; Grand Rapids: Wm. B. Eerdmans, 1975) 128-46.] , ,   ,       . .     ,  ,    ,        ,  ,       .[17 - , W. Bousset, DieReligion desJudentums imspathellenistischen Zeitalter (3d ed.; ed. H. Gressmann; Thbingen: Mohr-Siebeck, 1926)357.]

ߠ    ,         ,      ,      ,     .   ,      - ,     .

 ,  , ,       ,     .  ,         -    , , ,    ,        .







  ⠖        ,      ,        .[18 - Π   , . G. vonRad, Wisdom inIsrael (Nashville: Abingdon Press; London: SCM Press, 1972); J. L. Crenshaw, Old Testament Wisdom: AnIntroduction (Adanta: John Knox Press, 1981); Ringgren, Word andWisdom; andJ. Marbock, Weisheit imWandel Untersuchungen zurWeisheitstheologie beiBen Sira (Bonn: Peter Hanstein, 1971).]  ,  ,     15:78 28:1228,         , ,   ,              (.. 1:2033; 3:1318; 8:19:12).         ,    .     . 8:2231,         ,  ᠫ 蠫.[19 - ߠ    amon,  ,     ꠫,  .   , ,  H. Ringgren, Word andWisdom: Studies intheHypostatization ofDivine Qualities andFunctions intheAncient Near East (Lund: Hakan Oholsson, 1947) 1023.]

          ,      6:1211:1,      (7:22),   []   (8:4), ,      (9:2),      (8:1).    ꠫   ,         (7:2526),      (9:4).     ,  ,         (24:2),    (.9),         (.1922; . 4:1119).

            ()  . ʠ,         ,     (., . 1:7, 29; 2:16).    ,   24:8  :      , ,       .          . 24:23:    , ,       .[20 -    . J. T. Sanders, Ben Sira andDemotic Wisdom (SBLMS, 28; Chico, Calif.: Scholars Press, 1983) 1617, 2426.]    ,    3:94:4,     (. 4:1;     30:1112   3:2930).

 ,         ,       ,  ,            .       ,      ,     . , ,   , ,                  .[21 - .    ,  , Ringgren, Word andWisdom, 12849;  E. Schhssler Fiorenza, Wisdom Mythology andtheChristological Hymns oftheNew Testament, in: Aspects ofWisdom inJudaism andEarly Christianity (ed. R. L. Wilken; Notre Dame: University ofNotre Dame Press, 1975) 1741.]  ,        ,        (),           ,     ,         .[22 - .        Schhssler Fiorenza, Wisdom Mythology andtheChristological Hymns oftheNew Testament, 1741.]

   , ,   ,    ,       ; ,            ,   ,  ,     .        蠫   (. 6:111), ,     ,         (6:22).    ,     (7:122),            (7:229:18),                ,      , .           ,    (10:12),    (10:5),   (10:68),  (10:9-12),  (10:1314),   / /   (10:1512:11),       . ,            ,    ,  ,      ,       ,    .     ,    ,             ,     12:1219:22  .

 , ,        ,      ,  ,    ,       ,  ,    ,    .            ,       ,       (., ,    1:1, 4).[23 - ., , E. E. Urbach, TheSages: Their Concepts andBeliefs (2 vols.; Jerusalem: Magnes Press, 1979) 1.198201.]

 , ,        ,       ,  ,         .     8:2231        ,   ,       (, 7:22; 8:2), -,              .     :    (8:1), ࠖ     (8:4), ,    (9:4; . . 10),      (9:911).     7:2526 (  ,    ,        )      ,       ,    (7:2930).



 ,   ,   24 (   )     ,        (.2), ,     (.4),      (.56), ,      .         蠫 (.8) 蠫  (.1012)     ,         .







 ,             ,   .         ,   , ,      ,  ,   .  ,     () ,    .           ,   ,   ,     젖  (dynameis),      .       ,       ;    ,     ,         .[24 -    堖 E. R. Goodenough, ByLight, Light (NewHaven: Yale Univ. Press, 1935) H. A. Wolfson, Philo: Foundation ofReligious Philosophy inJudaism, Christianity andIslam (2 vols.; Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1947).  ,        , S. Sandmel, Philo ofAlexandria: AnIntroduction (NewYork: Oxford Univ. Press, 1979). .  Sandmel, E. Hilgert, andP. Borgen inANRW 2. 21/1,      .  ,  ,       . B. L. Mack, Logos undSophia. Untersuchungen zurWeisheitstheologie imhellenistischen Judentum (Gottingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1973). . Dunn, Christology intheMaking, 22030; L. K. K. Dey, TheIntermediary World andPatterns ofPerfection inPhilo andHebrews (SBLDS, 25; Missoula, Mont.: Scholars Press, 1975).]              ,     ,   , -,    .

  ,  ( 1400!)       ,    ,     .                      ,      ,     . ,               ,  ,       .   ,     2.62      (tondeuteron theon) , ,     ,    1:27,  ,   ,       .  ,   -     .      2.13,  , , -,  ,       (     23:2021),       (mesites).

       ,   :  (protogonon), ,  (  146),     (kybernetes kai oikonomos, .     4.11011). Ӡ       ,   ,        :   (hepoietike),   (hebasilike),   (hehileos),     (nomothetike),      - ;       (theios logos),    (dynameis; ., , Π  94105,       ,     [9499, 103105],  ,    [100102]).[25 -        ,       ,      ,     (theos kyrios),      (., ,     2.62; Π  2.99;     2.51; 4.2; Π 27). .         Segal, Two Powers inHeaven, 15981, 3856, 8589, 98-108.   ,               . . Urbach, TheSages, 1:448-61,     () ,  蠫  ,   ,       . . N. A. Dahl andA. F. Segal, Philo andtheRabbis ontheNames ofGod, JSJ 9 (1978) 1-28.]

   Π          ,    ,       (168175).    ,     .  ,              .           ,           ,    ꠫.   ,    (, Π  146,      ,   , ton angelon presbytaton, hos anarchangelon),   ,           .   Π  101102        ,    ,          ,   .[26 - .     2.68,          ,   ,  .]

  ,    , ,      ,       : (1)   ,    ,  (2)     ,   ,    , .        .   , -,          , , , ,         .[27 -     /    (), , , , , ,  , , ,  ; . G. Pfeifer, Ursprung undWesen derHypostasenvorstellungen imJudentum (Stuttgart: Calwer Verlag, 1967).           . A. M. Goldberg, Untersuchungen uber dieVorstellung vonderScheikinah inderfruhen rabbinischen Literatur (Berlin: Walter deGruyter, 1969); andUrbach, TheSages, 1.3765.     G. F. Moore, Intermediaries inJewish Theology, HTR 15 (1922) 4185.  ,          . . R. Marcus, OnBiblical Hypostases ofWisdom, HUCA 23 (1950-51) 157-71.]     (.1),             ,  ,  ,                 - .    , ,     , ,    ,      ,     .    , -,      ,  ,  ,   ,   ,     . ߠ, ,   ,             .[28 -        . . A. Gibson, Biblical Semantic Logic (Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1981) 9296.]

 ,        ,   ,[29 - ʠ, Ringgren, Word andWisdom; Bousset, DieReligion; Fossum, TheName ofGod.]     .                   .[30 - Dunn, Christology intheMaking, 163-76, 213-30. ߠ       ,              .]  ,    ,           , ,      . .           ,    ,        .    ,             .[31 - ScMssler Fiorenza, Wisdom Mythology, . 2633.]      .   .     ,      ,    ,          .[32 - Marcus, OnBiblical Hypostases ofWisdom, . 167-71.      ,       , ,  ,  .]

     .   ,   . 8:2230    30:8   ꠫ ,  ,        ,     .[33 - Fossum, TheName ofGod, 345-46.  ,    30:8 ,      ,  30:1112   ,        ,       .              .              ,           (.193),          . Ӡ    ,            ,         ,         ,       .  ,        (.192),    ,         ,      . . Marcus, OnBiblical Hypostases ofWisdom.]  ,         蠫  ,   ,  -,     ,           ( . 30:27; 55:1011; . 10:6; . 20:1; 54:6; 143:13; . 2:26; . 18:10; . 1:11; . 18:1516),          .[34 - Π      ., , Urbach, TheSages, 1.12434; Bietenhard, TDNT, 5.25270.     (, ,  16:1),    ,  , -,           ,  ,  堫     .       ,      , ,      ,     .]  ,  ,   ,        ,             蠫-      (.. ).  ,           ,               ,   .[35 -     : Gibson, Biblical Semantic Logic, 9296.]

          (  1- . ..).          (????????) (15:78), ,  ,  ꠫       ,   .    ,  , ,   .  ,    ,    .   ,       ,   ,    ,  , ,      . ,   ,         ,      ,      .[36 -   ,    ,   . J. H. Charlesworth, ThePseudepigrapha andModern Research with aSupplement (Chico, Calif.: Scholars Press, 1981) 13740.   : .. etal.,  ,  /Arbor Mundi 17 (2010) 92131; F. D. Sparks, TheApocryphal Old Testament (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1984) 465504.]

            ,       , ,    ,   ,    .         ,    ,    ,   ,            .        ,    ,      ,      , .. ,               ,   .

  ,    , ,         ,  ,           ,        . ,    蠫 , , -,   ,     ,        .        ,    ,   ,     ,      .        ,        ,       .[37 - . H.-F. Weiss, Untersuchungen zurKosmologie deshellenistischen undpalastinischen Judentums (TU,97; Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, 1966) 31831. Π   : Ӡ      ,       (.320).  ,            : Ӡ,   , ,      ,   ,  ,   .  ,       ,       ( ) (.330).  (Goodenough, ByLight, Light)  ,        (.45),             (.4546).  ,  (Pfeifer, Ursprung undWesen derHypostasenvorstellungen imJudentum) , ,         ,      ,     (.103).     ,      ,    ,      .]

 , ,  ,          ,      ,    , ,     . ,   ,   ,  ,      - ,  ,   ,       -      .    ,  , ,  -      .[38 -     : Dunn, Christology intheMaking,170.]     610      ,         ,     ,        ,   ,   .  ,         ,        ,   .[39 -   [M. Hengel, Judaism andHellenism (2 vols.; Philadelphia: Fortress Press; London: SCM Press, 1974) 1.15356]     ,        ,    ,               (ibid., 1:155),   Pfeifer, Ursprung,16).]




 

   [40 -     ..  : L.W. Hurtado, One God, One Lord, Early Christian Devotion andAncient Jewish Monotheism (2nd ed.; T&T Clark, London, 1998) 5169.]



    ,  , , , , ,  ,       .[41 - D. S. Russell, TheOld Testament Pseudepigrapha (Philadelphia: Fortress Press, 1987);     ,   .] ,          ,   4449, ,  ,           .           ,        .    (1),     , ,    (    ),   .                 ,  . ,          .

       ,      ,     , ,     ,  ,      (2).         ,    ;         .  ,      , ,  ,  ,  .   , ,    .[42 -       ,   ,        , ,     ,    . . , Segal, Two Powers inHeaven, 218, n.97.]          ,        .




    


 ,        ,    .           5:1824,           ,          .[43 - . J. C. VanderKam, Enoch andtheGrowth ofanApocalyptic Tradition (CBQMS, 16; Washington, D.C.: Catholic Biblical Association, 1984),     . . P. Grelot, Lalegende d'Henoch dans les apocryphes et dans labible, Recherches descience religieuse 46 (1958) 526, 181210, . 199210,        .] ʠ,   (2 . ..)[44 -   , , Charlesworth, ThePseudepigrapha andModern Research, 143; J. C. VanderKam, Textual andHistorical Studies intheBook ofJubilees (HSM, 14; Missoula, Mont.: Scholars Press, 1977).    .. ..,   (-: , 2009) 134135. . Sparks, TheApocryphal Old Testament, 10-139.]    ,   , ,  (4:17),      (..  ,    ).  ,   ,     ,    ,      (4:1819).    ,     ,  ,   (4:21).   ,         ,         (4:2324),     (4:25), , ,       ,  .    4:1726     ,          .       ,        .[45 -          ,   44:16,         (hypodeigma metanoias)  .          (,ot daat)   . . Grelot, Lalegende d'Henoch, 181-83. . . 4:1015, , -,    . 5:24,      .]

 ,   ,       21:10.         ,    (.  5:4;   10:5; 14:1;   18:1;   3:4;   5:6;   4:1;   9:1).[46 -  ,   3:4    ,  , ,       .]   ,    10:17  360  (366),  !   ,   ,    13:2127    11:3738; 13:57, 74 (.  10:17).          (  10:17).[47 -    ,   13:2127 ( Sparks, TheApocryphal Old Testament)         ,  ,    , ,  , - (?),     ,    ,     (1  71:14),       (., , 1  49:4; 55:4; 69:27).]

         ,   .      ()  , -,  ,       .. ,  ,   ..[48 -             ,     (1  3771),   .  ,               ..     ,  Charlesworth, ThePseudepigrapha andModern Research, 98103, . D. W. Suter, Tradition andComposition intheParables ofEnoch (SBLDS, 47; Missoula, Mont.: Scholars Press, 1979); M. Black, TheBook ofEnoch or1 Enoch: ANew English Translation (Leiden: Brill, 1985).       ,    . Charlesworth, Old Testament Pseudepigrapha (OTP), 1:589 Sparks, TheApocryphal Old Testament (AOT), 196319.    .. ..,   (: ; :  , 2002) 323375.]    ()  ,  , ,    ,     ..[49 - ., , Charlesworth, ThePseudepigrapha andModern Research, 103-6; OTP, 1.91-221; AOT, 321-62.]   ,   ,  ,        ,       ,  ,        .

,  ,  . 5:24:    ,     ,             ,   .  :  ,      (. 5:24), ,      ,    . ,     ,    ,         .[50 - Π  . Grelot, Lalegende dHenoch, VanderKam, Enoch andtheGrowth ofanApocalyptic Tradition.]

             ,   : (1)        1  3771,    ,       ;  (2)  ,     ,  ,         ,  .




  


,   ,        ,      (3771).[51 -      ,          . ., , M. Casey, Son ofMan; Lindars, Jesus Son ofMan; C. Colpe, inTDNT, 8.40077.      3771. Black, TheBook ofEnoch, 18889, 2067.]       ,     ,   ,      (46:3),        (46:48; 62:9; 63:11; 69:2729),      (48:23, 6; 62:7),     (48:47; 62:14).  ,   , -,     ꠫ 蠫,   ,   ,      (., , 1  49:24; 51:35; 52:49; 55:4; 61:49; 62:216).   ,    ,     ,    ,        (,    1  48:4     42:6; 49:6,      ,   ).

 , -,      (  , ., , 1  55:4)    ,   :        (45:3; . 51:3; 55:4; 61:8; 62:2, 3, 56; 70:27).[52 -  1  51:3   ,      ,   (.. ).  62:2    :      ,    ,    ,    . ., , Black, TheBook ofEnoch,235.]     ,        , , , , , -,   ,  , ,  ,     ,         .

            ,       ,       ,       (, . 45:6; . 47:11,  ,          ).  ,    (   ) ࠫ ,  ,    ,     ,  ,          , , ,     ,       .

         1  46:13,   ,     7:914,    ,   ,    /  ,    .[53 -        , 46:2 :    .  ,  ,     ,      .      7:914       (46:1; . . 7:9b) , ,      ,  ꠫  (46:2; . . 7:13).  ,         ,     7:1314      .]        蠫,    ,        ,     , .[54 -     . Black, TheBook ofEnoch, 2069; L. Hartman, Prophecy Interpreted (Lund: Gleerup, 1966) 11826.]  46-    , ,   . 7:1314    ()       ,    .                  ,  ,  ,         ,  , ,      ,     .[55 -    ,    . 7:1314          砫 .       [M. D. Hooker, TheSon ofMan inMark (London: SPCK, 1967)].   ,       , , ,   [C. C. Rowland, TheOpen Heaven: AStudy ofApocalyptic inJudaism andEarly Christianity (NewYork: Crossroad; London: SPCK, 1982)].]

      (3771)     . 7:1314,      4055   ;  ,  ,     ,    蠫.  71-         (71:1, 5),     (71:1, 79)   (71:2, 1013).  , ,  ,     ,    (71:1417).      ,   . 5:1824      ,          .[56 -  ,     71:15       (  ),        (   []   ). ,    []       (71:16).          R. H. Charles, Apocrypha andPseudepigrapha oftheOld Testament, 2 vols. (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1913)       ,           (71:14),    .]




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notes








1


E. Kasemann, TheBeginning ofChristian Theology, in: E. Kasemann, New Testament Questions ofToday (ed. W.J. Montague; Philadelphia: Fortress, 1969)102.




2


    ..  : L.W. Hurtado, One God, One Lord, Early Christian Devotion andAncient Jewish Monotheism (2nd ed.; T&T Clark, London, 1998) 1739.




3


 .. (G. F. Moore/Christian Writers onJudaism, HTR 14 [1921] 22754),       , ,   ,    ,       ,       .




4


A. F. Segal, Two Powers inHeaven: Early Rabbinic Reports about Christianity andGnosticism (Leiden: Brill, 1977) 24459; J. Fossum, TheName ofGod andtheAngel oftheLord: Samaritan andJewish Concepts ofIntermediation andtheOrigin ofGnosticism (WUNT, 36; Tubingen: Mohr-Siebeck, 1985).




5


Segal, Two Powers inHeaven.




6


.    2- ,     ,           . ߠ      ꠫  .   ,         ,  , -      , ,       , , -,     .




7


. P. J. Kobelski, Melchizedek andMelchiresa (CBQMS, 10; Washington, D.C.: Catholic Biblical Association, 1981).




8


   1011,         ,   , -     .




9


     . . 11:13,   , ,     ,   ,   ,  ,    1:2628. .   -   , ANET, 662,      .




10


,  ,   ,     .. [W. A. Meeks, TheProphet-King: Moses Traditions andtheJohannine Christology (NovTSup, 14; Leiden: Brill, 1967) 21657],    .            (4- . .. ). . M. F. Collins, TheHidden Vessels inSamaritan Traditions, JSJ 3 (1972) 97116.  ,   ,   ,  ,  ,     .




11


ߠ   ,         .  ,         ,         .




12


. D. M. Hay, Glory attheRight Hand: Psalm 110 inEarly Christianity (Nashville: Abingdon Press, 1973).




13


    ..  : L.W. Hurtado, One God, One Lord, Early Christian Devotion andAncient Jewish Monotheism (2nd ed.; T&T Clark, London, 1998) 4150.




14


. U. Wilckens, Weisheit undTorheit (BHT, 26; Tdbingen: Mohr-Siebeck, 1959); H. Hegermann, DieVorstellung vomSchopfungsmittler imhellenistischen Judentum undUrchristentum (TU,82; Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, 1961); H.-F. Weiss, Untersuchungen zurKosmologie deshellenistischen undpalastinischenjudentums (TU,97; Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, 1966); B. L. Mack, Logos undSophia. Untersuchungen zurWeisheitstheologie imhellenistischen Judentum (Gottingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1973); R. G. Hamerton-Kelly, Pre-Existence, Wisdom andtheSon ofMan (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1973); B. A. Pearson, Hellenistic-Jewish Wisdom Speculation andPaul, inAspects ofWisdom inJudaism andEarly Christianity (ed. R. L. Wilken; Notre Dame: Univ. ofNotre Dame Press, 1975) 4366.




15


., , J. Dunn, Christology intheMaking (2d ed.; London: SCM Press, 1989) 163250.




16


   ,    . Pearson, Hellenistic-Jewish Wisdom Speculation andPaul.         . E. J. Epp, Wisdom, Torah, Word: TheJohannine Prologue andthePurpose oftheFourth Gospel, in: Current Issues inBiblical andPatristic Interpretation: Studies inHonor ofM. C. Tenney (ed. G. F. Hawthorne; Grand Rapids: Wm. B. Eerdmans, 1975) 128-46.




17


, W. Bousset, DieReligion desJudentums imspathellenistischen Zeitalter (3d ed.; ed. H. Gressmann; Thbingen: Mohr-Siebeck, 1926)357.




18


Π   , . G. vonRad, Wisdom inIsrael (Nashville: Abingdon Press; London: SCM Press, 1972); J. L. Crenshaw, Old Testament Wisdom: AnIntroduction (Adanta: John Knox Press, 1981); Ringgren, Word andWisdom; andJ. Marbock, Weisheit imWandel Untersuchungen zurWeisheitstheologie beiBen Sira (Bonn: Peter Hanstein, 1971).




19


ߠ    amon,  ,     ꠫,  .   , ,  H. Ringgren, Word andWisdom: Studies intheHypostatization ofDivine Qualities andFunctions intheAncient Near East (Lund: Hakan Oholsson, 1947) 1023.




20


   . J. T. Sanders, Ben Sira andDemotic Wisdom (SBLMS, 28; Chico, Calif.: Scholars Press, 1983) 1617, 2426.




21


.    ,  , Ringgren, Word andWisdom, 12849;  E. Schhssler Fiorenza, Wisdom Mythology andtheChristological Hymns oftheNew Testament, in: Aspects ofWisdom inJudaism andEarly Christianity (ed. R. L. Wilken; Notre Dame: University ofNotre Dame Press, 1975) 1741.




22


.        Schhssler Fiorenza, Wisdom Mythology andtheChristological Hymns oftheNew Testament, 1741.




23


., , E. E. Urbach, TheSages: Their Concepts andBeliefs (2 vols.; Jerusalem: Magnes Press, 1979) 1.198201.




24


   堖 E. R. Goodenough, ByLight, Light (NewHaven: Yale Univ. Press, 1935) H. A. Wolfson, Philo: Foundation ofReligious Philosophy inJudaism, Christianity andIslam (2 vols.; Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1947).  ,        , S. Sandmel, Philo ofAlexandria: AnIntroduction (NewYork: Oxford Univ. Press, 1979). .  Sandmel, E. Hilgert, andP. Borgen inANRW 2. 21/1,      .  ,  ,       . B. L. Mack, Logos undSophia. Untersuchungen zurWeisheitstheologie imhellenistischen Judentum (Gottingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1973). . Dunn, Christology intheMaking, 22030; L. K. K. Dey, TheIntermediary World andPatterns ofPerfection inPhilo andHebrews (SBLDS, 25; Missoula, Mont.: Scholars Press, 1975).




25


       ,       ,      ,     (theos kyrios),      (., ,     2.62; Π  2.99;     2.51; 4.2; Π 27). .         Segal, Two Powers inHeaven, 15981, 3856, 8589, 98-108.   ,               . . Urbach, TheSages, 1:448-61,     () ,  蠫  ,   ,       . . N. A. Dahl andA. F. Segal, Philo andtheRabbis ontheNames ofGod, JSJ 9 (1978) 1-28.




26


.     2.68,          ,   ,  .




27


    /    (), , , , , ,  , , ,  ; . G. Pfeifer, Ursprung undWesen derHypostasenvorstellungen imJudentum (Stuttgart: Calwer Verlag, 1967).           . A. M. Goldberg, Untersuchungen uber dieVorstellung vonderScheikinah inderfruhen rabbinischen Literatur (Berlin: Walter deGruyter, 1969); andUrbach, TheSages, 1.3765.     G. F. Moore, Intermediaries inJewish Theology, HTR 15 (1922) 4185.  ,          . . R. Marcus, OnBiblical Hypostases ofWisdom, HUCA 23 (1950-51) 157-71.




28


       . . A. Gibson, Biblical Semantic Logic (Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1981) 9296.




29


ʠ, Ringgren, Word andWisdom; Bousset, DieReligion; Fossum, TheName ofGod.




30


Dunn, Christology intheMaking, 163-76, 213-30. ߠ       ,              .




31


ScMssler Fiorenza, Wisdom Mythology, . 2633.




32


Marcus, OnBiblical Hypostases ofWisdom, . 167-71.      ,       , ,  ,  .




33


Fossum, TheName ofGod, 345-46.  ,    30:8 ,      ,  30:1112   ,        ,       .              .              ,           (.193),          . Ӡ    ,            ,         ,         ,       .  ,        (.192),    ,         ,      . . Marcus, OnBiblical Hypostases ofWisdom.




34


Π      ., , Urbach, TheSages, 1.12434; Bietenhard, TDNT, 5.25270.     (, ,  16:1),    ,  , -,           ,  ,  堫     .       ,      , ,      ,     .




35


    : Gibson, Biblical Semantic Logic, 9296.




36


  ,    ,   . J. H. Charlesworth, ThePseudepigrapha andModern Research with aSupplement (Chico, Calif.: Scholars Press, 1981) 13740.   : .. etal.,  ,  /Arbor Mundi 17 (2010) 92131; F. D. Sparks, TheApocryphal Old Testament (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1984) 465504.




37


. H.-F. Weiss, Untersuchungen zurKosmologie deshellenistischen undpalastinischen Judentums (TU,97; Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, 1966) 31831. Π   : Ӡ      ,       (.320).  ,            : Ӡ,   , ,      ,   ,  ,   .  ,       ,       ( ) (.330).  (Goodenough, ByLight, Light)  ,        (.45),             (.4546).  ,  (Pfeifer, Ursprung undWesen derHypostasenvorstellungen imJudentum) , ,         ,      ,     (.103).     ,      ,    ,      .




38


    : Dunn, Christology intheMaking,170.




39


  [M. Hengel, Judaism andHellenism (2 vols.; Philadelphia: Fortress Press; London: SCM Press, 1974) 1.15356]     ,        ,    ,               (ibid., 1:155),   Pfeifer, Ursprung,16).




40


    ..  : L.W. Hurtado, One God, One Lord, Early Christian Devotion andAncient Jewish Monotheism (2nd ed.; T&T Clark, London, 1998) 5169.




41


D. S. Russell, TheOld Testament Pseudepigrapha (Philadelphia: Fortress Press, 1987);     ,   .




42


      ,   ,        , ,     ,    . . , Segal, Two Powers inHeaven, 218, n.97.




43


. J. C. VanderKam, Enoch andtheGrowth ofanApocalyptic Tradition (CBQMS, 16; Washington, D.C.: Catholic Biblical Association, 1984),     . . P. Grelot, Lalegende d'Henoch dans les apocryphes et dans labible, Recherches descience religieuse 46 (1958) 526, 181210, . 199210,        .




44


  , , Charlesworth, ThePseudepigrapha andModern Research, 143; J. C. VanderKam, Textual andHistorical Studies intheBook ofJubilees (HSM, 14; Missoula, Mont.: Scholars Press, 1977).    .. ..,   (-: , 2009) 134135. . Sparks, TheApocryphal Old Testament, 10-139.




45


         ,   44:16,         (hypodeigma metanoias)  .          (,ot daat)   . . Grelot, Lalegende d'Henoch, 181-83. . . 4:1015, , -,    . 5:24,      .




46


 ,   3:4    ,  , ,       .




47


   ,   13:2127 ( Sparks, TheApocryphal Old Testament)         ,  ,    , ,  , - (?),     ,    ,     (1  71:14),       (., , 1  49:4; 55:4; 69:27).




48


            ,     (1  3771),   .  ,               ..     ,  Charlesworth, ThePseudepigrapha andModern Research, 98103, . D. W. Suter, Tradition andComposition intheParables ofEnoch (SBLDS, 47; Missoula, Mont.: Scholars Press, 1979); M. Black, TheBook ofEnoch or1 Enoch: ANew English Translation (Leiden: Brill, 1985).       ,    . Charlesworth, Old Testament Pseudepigrapha (OTP), 1:589 Sparks, TheApocryphal Old Testament (AOT), 196319.    .. ..,   (: ; :  , 2002) 323375.




49


., , Charlesworth, ThePseudepigrapha andModern Research, 103-6; OTP, 1.91-221; AOT, 321-62.




50


Π  . Grelot, Lalegende dHenoch, VanderKam, Enoch andtheGrowth ofanApocalyptic Tradition.




51


     ,          . ., , M. Casey, Son ofMan; Lindars, Jesus Son ofMan; C. Colpe, inTDNT, 8.40077.      3771. Black, TheBook ofEnoch, 18889, 2067.




52


 1  51:3   ,      ,   (.. ).  62:2    :      ,    ,    ,    . ., , Black, TheBook ofEnoch,235.




53


       , 46:2 :    .  ,  ,     ,      .      7:914       (46:1; . . 7:9b) , ,      ,  ꠫  (46:2; . . 7:13).  ,         ,     7:1314      .




54


    . Black, TheBook ofEnoch, 2069; L. Hartman, Prophecy Interpreted (Lund: Gleerup, 1966) 11826.




55


   ,    . 7:1314          砫 .       [M. D. Hooker, TheSon ofMan inMark (London: SPCK, 1967)].   ,       , , ,   [C. C. Rowland, TheOpen Heaven: AStudy ofApocalyptic inJudaism andEarly Christianity (NewYork: Crossroad; London: SPCK, 1982)].




56


 ,     71:15       (  ),        (   []   ). ,    []       (71:16).          R. H. Charles, Apocrypha andPseudepigrapha oftheOld Testament, 2 vols. (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1913)       ,           (71:14),    .


